Category Archives: Biotechnology

At its simplest, biotechnology is technology based on biology - biotechnology harnesses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives and the health of our planet. We have used the biological processes of microorganisms for more than 6,000 years to make useful food products, such as bread and cheese, and to preserve dairy products.

Modern biotechnology provides breakthrough products and technologies to combat debilitating and rare diseases, reduce our environmental footprint, feed the hungry, use less and cleaner energy, and have safer, cleaner and more efficient industrial manufacturing processes.

Currently, there are more than 250 biotechnology health care products and vaccines available to patients, many for previously untreatable diseases. More than 18 million farmers around the world use agricultural biotechnology to increase yields, prevent damage from insects and pests and reduce farming's impact on the environment. And more than 50 biorefineries are being built across North America to test and refine technologies to produce biofuels and chemicals from renewable biomass, which can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Recent advances in biotechnology are helping us prepare for and meet societys most pressing challenges. Here's how:

Biotech is helping toheal the worldby harnessing nature's own toolbox and using our own genetic makeup to heal and guide lines of research by:

Biotech uses biological processes such as fermentation and harnesses biocatalysts such as enzymes, yeast, and other microbes to become microscopic manufacturing plants. Biotech is helping tofuel the worldby:

Biotech improves crop insect resistance, enhances crop herbicide tolerance and facilitates the use of more environmentally sustainable farming practices. Biotech is helping tofeed the worldby:

Source: Healing, Fueling, Feeding: How Biotechnology is Enriching Your Life

Read more from the original source:
What is Biotechnology? | BIO

Bacteria are the unicellular organisms and cannot be seen with naked eye. There is no particular method of cell division, they simply divide by binary fission in which cell divides into two daughter cells. They do not have proper nucleus within the cell but the genetic material is attached to the cell membrane in an irregular form. They are found everywhere like top of the mountains, rivers, on land and in ice. Bacteria have the property of living in extreme weathers like extreme cold and extreme heat. They are able to live long because they become inactive for a long period of time.

Bacteria play an important role in the environment: Decomposition of Dead/Complex Organic Matter:

Ever imagined the fate of nature with dead matter of animals/plants lying around? Bacteria play a very crucial role of silently getting the nature rid of the dead matter through the decomposition of dead organic matter by the micobes. Bacteria use them as a source of nutrients, and in turn help in recycling the organic compounds trapped in the dead matter. Through this process, other organisms also get benefited, who can use the simpler forms of organic compounds/nutrients released from the dead matter by various bacteria.

Bioremediation by bacteria Bioremediation refers to the process of depletion/degradation of toxic compounds present in the natural environment by living organisms. Bacteria are one of the key players in Bioremediation. For example, oil spills due to oil digging operations or accidents on oil transport channels in the ocean or on the soil, is highly determinant to the healthy environment. Bacteria like Pseudomonas have been well known for the degradation of oil spills on oceans/soils.

Similarly, Contamination of heavy metals in the environment is a major global concern because of their toxicity and

threat to human life and environment. Bacteria like Alcaligenes faecalis (Arsenic),Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterobacter clocae (Chromium) are well known for heavy metal uptake/compound metabolism. Waste Water Treatment Owing to their characteristics of degrading harmful chemicals and pollutants, bacteria naturally (as well as deliberately used by industries), help in treatment of waste water.

Image source: biologia.laguia2000.com

See the original post here:
Role of Bacteria in Environment - Biotechnology Forums

A disruptive technology that saves lives and improves patient care Main menu Marx Biotechnology is developing a proprietary first-in-class molecular diagnostic kit for the early detection of Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD). GVHD is a life threatening complication of allogeneic (non-self) stem cell transplantation such as bone marrow, peripheral blood or cord blood transplantation

and solid organ transplantations. The cells from the donor react

adversely to the cells in the patient. GVHD affects approximately 50% of all such transplant patients, frequently resulting in death. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_8PcfZSkrI Marx Bios approach has 5 clear advantages:

Incorporated in Jerusalem in January 2011, the Marx Bio team has completed proof of concept in animal studies, has published in a peer reviewed journal, and has filed three patents. It is commencing a Phase 1 clinical trial in humans in Tel Aviv.

Marx Bio has a clear work schedule to deliver a validated and cleared product, ready for market entry within 36 to 48 months. The company is looking for strategic partners to join in that journey.

Read the rest here:
Marx Biotechnology A disruptive technology that saves ...

BIOTECHNOLOGY ON EARTH
A survey of attempts to further natural evolution of species by modern biotechnology tools in laboratories around the world. Includes information on cloning, genomes, DNA, stem cells, genetic...

By: Bill Stonebarger

Go here to see the original:
BIOTECHNOLOGY ON EARTH - Video

ATLANTA, GA (March 13, 2015) -- In May 2015 Atlanta will host Biotechnology and the Ethical Imagination: A Global Summit (BEINGS), an international summit drawing together the world's thought leaders on the highly debated issues of cellular biotechnology. Hundreds of international experts in the fields of science and ethics will work together to establish a future vision and consensus on ethical guidelines and policy standards for research and development of cellular biotechnology.

The real-life applications of biotechnology exceed the realms of science, medicine and academia and touch the lives of the average citizen. Reproductive technologies, vaccines, drug development, and other technologies involving stem-cell biology are just a few examples. Cell-based biotechnologies such as synthetic biology also have industrial applications. These technological advances hold the promise of repairing organs and helping regrow missing limbs, of controlling and ultimately curing diseases like Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis and cancer, creating viable organs for transplant purposes and even helping produce life for those otherwise unable to bear children, among other things. Other genetic technologies also used to create new kinds of hybrid animals, to move genes between species to design animals with new kinds of traits, and to engineer bacteria for both medical and industrial uses. These technologies could also generate adverse effects on the environment, release pathogens and toxins, or facilitate the creation of biological weapons.

"The challenge of biotechnology as we move into the 21st century is how to harness its enormous power in a way that encourages human flourishing," said Paul Root Wolpe, the summit founder and executive director of the Emory University Center for Ethics. "Shaping our aspirations for the future and formulating reasonable limits on biotechnological inquiry will take a conversation among our greatest minds in science, policy, philosophy, ethics, religion, and the arts and humanities. As a first of its kind event, this summit aims to accomplish exactly that."

BEINGS will take place May 17-19, 2015 in Atlanta with The Coca-Cola Company serving as presenting sponsor. Delegates from the world's top 30 biotechnology producing countries, distinguished academic faculty, students, companies, scientists and any other parties with a vested interest will be present to offer their insight on how to establish a desirable and ethical future for cellular biotechnology. The summit will hear from advocates and well as critics of these technologies and all are welcome. To register, please visit http://www.beings2015.org.

###

ABOUT BEINGS 2015

Biotechnology and the Ethical Imagination: A Global Summit is an international gathering of thought leaders aimed at setting both aspirations and reasonable ethical guidelines for the field of biotechnology. This inaugural bi-annual event, sponsored by over twenty-five universities in Georgia and internationally, will bring together distinguished faculty and over 400 delegates from the world's top 30 biotech-producing countries, with the goal of drafting a set of benchmark ethical standards in the field of cellular biotechnologies such as stem cell research. A visitors' gallery will host 800-1000 observers for this three-day event spanning from May 17-20, 2015 in Atlanta, Ga. For more information, please visit http://www.beings2015.org.

Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.

Read more from the original source:
First gathering of biotech experts aims to establish ethical standards in cellular biotechnology

DOXA: God of Wonders, Works...and Biotechnology
Will science ever complement religion; will religion ever complement science? As stem cell therapy, regenerative medicine, genetic testing, and personalized ...

By: Harvard College Faith and Action

Go here to read the rest:
DOXA: God of Wonders, Works...and Biotechnology - Video

This Masters in Biotechnology programme provides you with an advanced practical knowledge of biotechnology and molecular genetic technologies underpinning modern biotechnology and how they can be applied to solve real world problems. The programme offers training in a broad range of topics including; environmental biotechnology, synthetic biology, plant engineering, stem cell therapies and vaccine development.

The programme is made up of five teaching modules and a dissertation project. Each module explores different aspects of Biotechnology.The dissertation allows you to specialise the degree through a chosen field of research. You will undertake this project with the support and guidance of your chosen academic expert.

The aims of the course are:

Abioye Jumai is a current MSc Biotechnology student.

"As an African, I wanted to leave my comfort zone and gain a global perspective of the world and modern technological skills by studying a one-year MSc before proceeding to my PhD and the UK had that, quality education in one year. I chose the University of Glasgow because it is one of the best schools in the UK and a part of prestigious groups such as the Russell group and Universitas 21. The most beautiful thing about Glasgow is the hospitality, the people are so kind. There's so much to see, and there is something for everyone, ranging from museums and galleries to clubs and pubs. I've also been on trips with the international society and I must admit that Scotland is beautiful. I chose this course as I wanted to gain theoretical insight into bioenergy production so I chose an all-encompassing course. The diversity of skills I have learnt in this short time is amazing. I came for bioenergy but now I know so much more and I feel and think more like a scientist now. I have also been able to activate my leadership potentials by representing my class as the rep. My advice for new students would be do not procrastinate, deadlines are deadlines. Take up every opportunity to network and gain skills. If you are an international student, join the International Student Society and read all information properly so you can take full advantage of opportunities as there are so many. The lectures are astonishing, I get to actually think and come up with innovative solutions. The city has so many amazing activities and there are also opportunities to travel with the International Student Society.

Sanya Aggarwal is a former MSc Biotechnology student who is now working as a Research Scientist in the University of Edinburgh. She is currently working with the artificial insemination of the pandas at Edinburgh Zoo.

"I got this position of research trainee in this project with the help of Dr. Mathis Riehle. During my course at the University of Glasgow, Dr. Riehle was my dissertation supervisor. I feel that doing an M.Sc. in Biotechnology at the University of Glasgow was one of the best decisions of my life. It added on to my experience in the field, improved my self-confidence and versatility. Working with Dr. Riehle on complex topic of protein engineered biomaterials was a great experience. He had been a great mentor. He was very helpful, supportive and provided me with the right motivation. When he heard that I was back in Glasgow and looking for experience he immediately stepped forward and informed about this project. He said he could recommend me if I was interested. I said yes and then I was asked to give an interview to the research director of IBREAM (Institute of Breeding Rare and Endangered African Mammals) and I was sent an acceptance letter. For the last 4 months I have been living at the Edinburgh Zoo and it has been a great experience. I don't think it could have gone any better. If it was not for Dr. Riehle and his confidence in me, I would not have achieved this."

Former student from the UK

"My overall impressions of the MSc Biotechnology course were extremely positive. I came into it after studying physiology and although I found that interesting, it wasn't the most inspiring. In my MSc, I found myself being inspired and enthused almost every time I went into a lecture. All the material is highly relevant and applicable to solving some of the world's biggest problems from putting an end to world hunger to engineering new sustainable and effective biofuels. I would highly recommend the course to anyone who is generally interested in the world and how we use our environment more effectively."

More here:
University of Glasgow :: Postgraduate taught degree ...

Omnigen S.A - Biotechnology
MUST WATCH VIDEO: This is how a living, beating heart is grown from stem cells.

By: Omnigen .

See original here:
Omnigen S.A - Biotechnology - Video

kineticvideo.com - Biotech 21st ethics-of-biotechnology-12540-4
Genetically modified?! Stem cell medical breakthrough!? More people living longer? More (healthy?) food from cloned animals and altered crops? Where is BIOTE...

By: Kineticstreaming

See the original post:
kineticvideo.com - Biotech 21st ethics-of-biotechnology-12540-4 - Video

biotechnology,the use of biology to solve problems and make useful products. The most prominent area of biotechnology is the production of therapeutic proteins and other drugs through genetic engineering.

People have been harnessing biological processes to improve their quality of life for some 10,000 years, beginning with the first agricultural communities. Approximately 6,000 years ago, humans began to tap the biological processes of microorganisms in order to make bread, alcoholic beverages, and cheese and to preserve dairy products. But such processes are not what is meant today by biotechnology, a term first widely applied to the molecular and cellular technologies that began to emerge in the 1960s and 70s. A fledgling biotech industry began to coalesce in the mid- to late 1970s, led by Genentech, a pharmaceutical company established in 1976 by Robert A. Swanson and Herbert W. Boyer to commercialize the recombinant DNA technology pioneered by Boyer and Stanley N. Cohen. Early companies such as Genentech, Amgen, Biogen, Cetus, and Genex began by manufacturing genetically engineered substances primarily for medical and environmental uses.

For more than a decade, the biotechnology industry was dominated by recombinant DNA technology, or genetic engineering. This technique consists of splicing the gene for a useful protein (often a human protein) into production cellssuch as yeast, bacteria, or mammalian cells in culturewhich then begin to produce the protein in volume. In the process of splicing a gene into a production cell, a new organism is created. At first, biotechnology investors and researchers were uncertain about whether the courts would permit them to acquire patents on organisms; after all, patents were not allowed on new organisms that happened to be discovered and identified in nature. But, in 1980, the U.S. Supreme Court, in the case of Diamond v. Chakrabarty, resolved the matter by ruling that a live human-made microorganism is patentable subject matter. This decision spawned a wave of new biotechnology firms and the infant industrys first investment boom. In 1982 recombinant insulin became the first product made through genetic engineering to secure approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Since then, dozens of genetically engineered protein medications have been commercialized around the world, including recombinant versions of growth hormone, clotting factors, proteins for stimulating the production of red and white blood cells, interferons, and clot-dissolving agents.

In the early years, the main achievement of biotechnology was the ability to produce naturally occurring therapeutic molecules in larger quantities than could be derived from conventional sources such as plasma, animal organs, and human cadavers. Recombinant proteins are also less likely to be contaminated with pathogens or to provoke allergic reactions. Today, biotechnology researchers seek to discover the root molecular causes of disease and to intervene precisely at that level. Sometimes this means producing therapeutic proteins that augment the bodys own supplies or that make up for genetic deficiencies, as in the first generation of biotech medications. (Gene therapyinsertion of genes encoding a needed protein into a patients body or cellsis a related approach.) But the biotechnology industry has also expanded its research into the development of traditional pharmaceuticals and monoclonal antibodies that stop the progress of a disease. Such steps are uncovered through painstaking study of genes (genomics), the proteins that they encode (proteomics), and the larger biological pathways in which they act.

In addition to the tools mentioned above, biotechnology also involves merging biological information with computer technology (bioinformatics), exploring the use of microscopic equipment that can enter the human body (nanotechnology), and possibly applying techniques of stem cell research and cloning to replace dead or defective cells and tissues (regenerative medicine). Companies and academic laboratories integrate these disparate technologies in an effort to analyze downward into molecules and also to synthesize upward from molecular biology toward chemical pathways, tissues, and organs.

In addition to being used in health care, biotechnology has proved helpful in refining industrial processes through the discovery and production of biological enzymes that spark chemical reactions (catalysts); for environmental cleanup, with enzymes that digest contaminants into harmless chemicals and then die after consuming the available food supply; and in agricultural production through genetic engineering.

Agricultural applications of biotechnology have proved the most controversial. Some activists and consumer groups have called for bans on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or for labeling laws to inform consumers of the growing presence of GMOs in the food supply. In the United States, the introduction of GMOs into agriculture began in 1993, when the FDA approved bovine somatotropin (BST), a growth hormone that boosts milk production in dairy cows. The next year, the FDA approved the first genetically modified whole food, a tomato engineered for a longer shelf life. Since then, regulatory approval in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere has been won by dozens of agricultural GMOs, including crops that produce their own pesticides and crops that survive the application of specific herbicides used to kill weeds. Studies by the United Nations, the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the European Union, the American Medical Association, U.S. regulatory agencies, and other organizations have found GMO foods to be safe, but skeptics contend that it is still too early to judge the long-term health and ecological effects of such crops. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the land area planted in genetically modified crops increased dramatically, from 1.7 million hectares (4.2 million acres) in 1996 to 160 million hectares (395 million acres) by 2011.

Overall, the revenues of U.S. and European biotechnology industries roughly doubled over the five-year period from 1996 through 2000. Rapid growth continued into the 21st century, fueled by the introduction of new products, particularly in health care.

Read more:
biotechnology -- Encyclopedia Britannica