Category Archives: Epigenetics

By Alice Klein

Epigenetics is the study of how genes are influenced by the environment.

Every person is born with a fixed set of genes, but they can be switched on or off in different cells and in response to lifestyle factors like diet, exercise and stress.

Genes, which are sequences of DNA, are turned on and off by small chemical tags called epigenetic marks (epigenetics literally means on top of genetics). The best-known epigenetic marks are called methyl groups.

Epigenetics explains how cells in the body can perform different functions, even though they carry the same DNA instruction manuals. For example, the liver and brain cells of an individual contain exactly the same DNA, but they behave differently because they have different epigenetic marks controlling the genes they can switch on and off.

Research over the last two decades has revealed that epigenetic marks can be altered by lifestyle and environmental factors like drinking coffee, folic acid intake, obesity, exercise, anxiety, smoking, and exposure to air pollution. This may help to explain why lifestyle factors affect our chances of developing certain conditions like cancer and diabetes, because epigenetic marks can activate or silence certain genes involved in disease progression.

There is some evidence that epigenetic changes can be passed down to subsequent generations.

For example, when male mice are trained to associate a cherry blossom smell with an electric shock, epigenetic changes occur in their sperm. These changes seem to be passed to their pups and their grand-pups, meaning they too show signs of fear when exposed to cherry blossom smells.

This cross-generational epigenetic effect is harder to prove in humans, but there are some hints that it occurs. For example, one study found that grandchildren of Swedish men who experienced famine had lower rates of diabetes, whereas grandchildren of well-fed men had higher rates. Another study found that sons of US Civil War soldiers who spent time in prisoner-of-war camps were more likely to die young than sons of non-imprisoned soldiers, possibly because they inherited epigenetic elements of their fathers trauma.

Some scientists are sceptical about whether epigenetic changes can be passed down in families because epigenetic marks are erased when sperm and eggs form embryos. Others, however, believe that some epigenetic marks are able to slip through this reprogramming process, or that there are mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance we havent discovered yet.

Because epigenetic changes are common in cancer, drugs have been developed to try to treat cancer by reversing these changes.

The first approved epigenetic cancer drug was azacytidine, which is used to treat leukaemia. It works by removing methyl groups from DNA in order to re-activate tumour suppressor genes that stop cancer cells from growing and dividing.

Since the approval of azacytidine in 2004, five more epigenetic cancer drugs have been approved, and several more are being evaluated in clinical trials.

One drawback of current epigenetic cancer drugs is that they alter the expression of many different genes, not just those involved in cancer, which can lead to side-effects. Research is currently underway to try to target them more precisely to relevant genes.

Read more from the original source:
Epigenetics | New Scientist

Biologists at the Universities of Bath and Vienna have discovered 71 new imprinted genes in the mouse genome, a finding that takes them a step closer to unraveling some of the mysteries of epigenetics an area of science that describes how genes are switched on (and off) in different cells at different stages in development and adulthood.

To understand the importance of imprinted genes to inheritance, we need to step back and ask how inheritance works in general. Most of the thirty trillion cells in a persons body contain genes that come from both their mother and father, with each parent contributing one version of each gene. The unique combination of genes goes part of the way to making an individual unique. Usually, each gene in a pair is equally active or inactive in a given cell. This is not the case for imprinted genes. These genes which make up less than one percent of the total of 20,000+ genes tend to be more active (sometimes much more active) in one parental version than the other.

Until now, researchers were aware of around 130 well-documented imprinted genes in the mouse genome the new additions take this number to over 200. Professor Tony Perry, who led the research from the Department of Biology & Biochemistry at Bath, said: Imprinting affects an important family of genes, with different implications for health and disease, so the seventy-plus new ones add an important piece of the jigsaw.

Close examination of the newly identified genes has allowed Professor Perry and his colleagues to make a second important discovery: the switching on and off of imprinted genes is not always related to DNA methylation, where methyl groups are added to genomic DNA (a process that is known to repress gene activity, switching them off). DNA methylation was the first known type of imprint, and was discovered around thirty years ago. From the results of the new work, it seems that a greater contribution to imprinting is made by histones structures that are wrapped up with genomic DNA in chromosomes.

A normal 4-day-old mouse embryo (L) and an embryo of the same age that has been manipulated to contain maternal chromosomes only (parthenogenote). At this stage, the embryos (blastocysts) appear similar, but the parthenogenote will soon die, underscoring the importance of inheriting imprinted genes from both parents. Different cell types are stained green or red. Credit: Dr. Maki Asami, University of Bath

Although scientists have known for some time that histones act as dimmer switches for genes, fading them off (or back on), until now it was thought that DNA methylation provided the major switch for imprinted gene activity. The findings from the new study cast doubt on this assumption: many of the newly identified genes were found to be associated with changes to the histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), and only a minority with DNA methylation.

Scientists have yet to work out how one parental version of a given gene can be switched (or faded) on or off and maintained that way while the other is in the opposite state. It is known that much of the on/off switching occurs during the formation of gametes (sperm and egg), but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This new study points to the intriguing possibility that some imprinted genes may not be marked in gametes, but become active later in development, or even in adulthood.

Although it only involves a small proportion of genes, imprinting is important in later life. If it goes wrong, and the imprinted gene copy from one parent is switched on when it should be off (or vice versa), disease or death occur. Faulty imprinted genes are associated with many diseases, including neurological and metabolic disorders, and cancer.

We may underestimate how important the relationship between imprinting and disease is, as well as the relationship of imprinting to the inheritance of parentally-acquired disease, such as obesity, said Professor Perry. Hopefully, this improved picture of imprinting will increase our understanding of disease.

Reference: Genomic imprinting in mouse blastocysts is predominantly associated with H3K27me3 by Laura Santini, Florian Halbritter, Fabian Titz-Teixeira, Toru Suzuki, Maki Asami, Xiaoyan Ma, Julia Ramesmayer, Andreas Lackner, Nick Warr, Florian Pauler, Simon Hippenmeyer, Ernest Laue, Matthias Farlik, Christoph Bock, Andreas Beyer, Anthony C. F. Perry and Martin Leeb, 21 June 2021, Nature Communications.DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23510-4

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Mysteries of Epigenetics: There's More to Genes Than DNA - SciTechDaily

Poverty and socio-economic disparity are among the greatest obstacles facing South Africans. About 63% of children younger than six live in poverty. The country is also experiencing increasing levels of unemployment. In addition theres a high prevalence of femicide and inter-partner violence which is often associated with excessive alcohol consumption and substance abuse.

Harsh socio-environmental factors, especially when they happen in the early years of a childs life, can establish a developmental biology of misfortune. This involves neurobiological and epigenetic processes that go on to steer a persons life towards poor health, unrealised potential and a shorter life.

Neurobiology here refers to normal brain development. This is, at times, controlled by epigenetic mechanisms. These are biological reactions involving certain proteins that interact with DNA, physically altering its structure. Epigenetics can be influenced by our physical environment and surroundings. Adverse environments can profoundly alter gene expression and have detrimental health effects including disturbed brain development.

There are clear disadvantages to ignoring the physical environment in relation to adverse epigenetic programming. Firstly, it can result in a future population with deteriorated physical and mental health these individuals would also be more susceptible to infectious diseases. Secondly, it can affect the future health and economic development of the country.

Thats why child and adolescent health is an urgent priority and should be placed at the centre of the healthcare system.

In our recent paper my colleagues and I described how adverse socio-environmental factors in early life can programme the outcome of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mental health disorders in adulthood. These noncommunicable diseases are on the rise and are taking a heavy toll on peoples lives, and the countrys healthcare system.

We set out the social and environmental conditions experienced by young South Africans, and discuss the potential contribution of epigenetics to the current and future prevalence of noncommunicable diseases.

We also unpack some early interventions that can help improve child and adolescent health. The cornerstones are: providing optimum nutrition, providing a secure environment, physical activity and education.

South Africa is one of most unequal societies in the world. Children who are exposed to such levels of poverty can suffer immediate and longterm effects. Children from poor families have higher rates of chronic illness and experience worse health in adulthood.

More than half (55%) of the population experiences poverty, with childhood poverty affecting 63% of children.

With diet being intertwined with emotions, cognition and behaviour, close attention should be paid to nutrition.

Research has shown that certain diets are hugely beneficial to peoples health. One example is a diet thats high in polyphenols. These are plant compounds found in tea, chocolates, herbs and spices, fruit, vegetables and nuts. Several have been shown to be able to reduce illnesses by preventing oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain.

On top of this, South Africa sits on a botanical goldmine of indigenous medicinal plants. Many have anti-obesity, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic as well as anti-ageing properties among others.

Finally, while the benefits of breastfeeding for both mother and childhave long been known, South Africa, like most countries, is still not doing enough to support mothers to breastfeed, despite the immense economic implications.

The failure to optimise nutrition, especially during the critical periods of development for vulnerable young children, should be avoided at all costs. There is a definite requirement for efforts directed at improving the national diet.

But healthier foods are far more expensive than less healthy, nutritionally poor foods. Products like lean meat, fish, fruit and vegetables generally cost more than oil heavy processed foods which contain more sugar and fat.

This makes the promotion of a quality diet difficult, because it is simply unaffordable for many South Africans.

International research has shown that the best strategies for changing the dietary environment in favour of healthier foods are those aimed at population level, and are accomplished by mass media nutrition campaigns and transparent food labelling. Some countries have taken more drastic action through regulation and taxation of unhealthy foods.

South Africa needs champions for child and adolescent health. The plight of young children needs to be prioritised and placed at the centre of the countrys goals.

An early investment in childrens health, education, development, security and well-being would provide benefits that compound during a persons lifetime. It would improve their prospects and those of their children and thus society as a whole.

Read more:
Blunting the impact of poor social conditions in South Africa will have big health benefits - The Conversation Africa

Global Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Industry Research Report, Growth Trends and Competitive Analysis 2020-2026

The global Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies market size is projected to grow from USD XX million in 2020 to USD XX million by 2025, at a CAGR of XX%. The industry is expanding due to increased demand from a variety of applications around the world. COVID-19 is expected to slow the rate of growth. During the forecast era, however, the end of the lockdown and recovery in the end-use industries would boost demand.

The overall power tools markets growth has also been forecasted for the years 2020-2024, based on previous growth patterns, growth factors, and current and future trends. The major players dominating the power tools market are 4SC, Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, Astex Pharmaceuticals, CellCentric, Celleron Therapeutics, Celgene Corporation, Chroma Therapeutics, Epigentek Group, Eisai, EnVivo Pharmaceuticals, Base Genomics, and Oryzon Genomics The companies have been profiled in the report providing a detailed analysis of their financial information and business strategies.

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The main goal for the dissemination of this information is to give a descriptive analysis of how the trends could potentially affect the upcoming future of Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies market during the forecast period. This markets competitive manufactures and the upcoming manufactures are studied with their detailed research. Revenue, production, price, market share of these players is mentioned with precise information.

Global Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market: Regional Segment Analysis

This report provides pinpoint analysis for changing competitive dynamics. It offers a forward-looking perspective on different factors driving or limiting market growth. It provides a five-year forecast assessed on the basis of how they Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market is predicted to grow. It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future and helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments.

Key questions answered in the report include:

What will the market size and the growth rate be in 2026?

What are the key factors driving the Global Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market?

What are the key market trends impacting the growth of the Global Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market?

What are the challenges to market growth?

Who are the key vendors in the Global Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market?

What are the market opportunities and threats faced by the vendors in the Global Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market?

Trending factors influencing the market shares of the Americas, APAC, Europe, and MEA.

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The report includes six parts, dealing with:

1.) Basic information;

2.) The Asia Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market;

3.) The North American Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market;

4.) The European Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market;

5.) Market entry and investment feasibility;

6.) The report conclusion.

All the research report is made by using two techniques that are Primary and secondary research. There are various dynamic features of the business, like client need and feedback from the customers. Before (company name) curate any report, it has studied in-depth from all dynamic aspects such as industrial structure, application, classification, and definition.

The report focuses on some very essential points and gives a piece of full information about Revenue, production, price, and market share.

Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market report will enlist all sections and research for each and every point without showing any indeterminate of the company.

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It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors

It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments

TABLE OF CONTENT:

1 Report Overview

2 Global Growth Trends

3 Market Share by Key Players

4 Breakdown Data by Type and Application

5 United States

6 Europe

7 China

8 Japan

9 Southeast Asia

10 India

11 Central & South America

12 International Players Profiles

13 Market Forecast 2019-2025

14 Analysts Viewpoints/Conclusions

15 Appendix

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Global Epigenetics Drugs and Diagnostic Technologies Market Analysis by Emerging Growth Factors and Revenue Forecast to 2026 The Manomet Current -...

Epigenetics is a stream of genetics that involves the study of variations in cellular and physiological characteristics initiated by external or ecological aspects, which turn genes on and off and affect the cellular ability to read genes unaffected by the changes. of the genotype. Epigenetics results in changes in the phenotype of an organism rather than in the genotype, where the underlying DNA or RNA sequence remains unchanged. Epigenetic alterations are essential for development because they are dynamic and change according to environmental stimuli.

Epigenetics-Based Kits Market research is an intelligence report with meticulous efforts undertaken to study the right and valuable information. The data which has been looked upon is done considering both, the existing top players and the upcoming competitors. Business strategies of the key players and the new entering market industries are studied in detail. Well explained SWOT analysis, revenue share and contact information are shared in this report analysis.

Epigenetics-Based Kits Market is growing at a 13.61% CAGR during the forecast period 2020-2026. The increasing interest of the individuals in this industry is that the major reason for the expansion of this market.

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Top Companies of this Market includes: Active Motif, Promega Corporation, Thermo Fisher Scientific , New England Biolabs, Agilent Technologies, PerkinElmer Inc, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Shivom Ventures Limited, AsisChem Inc, Enzo Life Sciences, EpiGentek Group Inc, BioVision Inc, GeneTex.

The global Epigenetics-Based Kits market is analyzed in terms of its competitive landscape. For this, the report encapsulates data on each of the key players in the market according to their current company profile, gross margins, sale price, sales revenue, sales volume, product specifications along with pictures, and the latest contact information. The reports conclusion leads into the overall scope of the global market with respect to feasibility of investments in various segments of the market, along with a descriptive passage that outlines the feasibility of new projects that might succeed in the global Epigenetics-Based Kits market in the near future.

The report provides insights on the following pointers:

Market Penetration: Comprehensive information on the product portfolios of the top players in the Epigenetics-Based Kits market.

Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights on the upcoming technologies, R&D activities, and product launches in the market.

Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of the market strategies, geographic and business segments of the leading players in the market.

Market Development: Comprehensive information about emerging markets. This report analyzes the market for various segments across geographies.

Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in the Epigenetics-Based Kits market.

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The cost analysis of the Global Epigenetics-Based Kits Market has been performed while keeping in view manufacturing expenses, labor cost, and raw materials and their market concentration rate, suppliers, and price trend. Other factors such as Supply chain, downstream buyers, and sourcing strategy have been assessed to provide a complete and in-depth view of the market. Buyers of the report will also be exposed to a study on market positioning with factors such as target client, brand strategy, and price strategy taken into consideration.

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Table of Contents

Global Epigenetics-Based Kits Market Research Report 2020

Chapter 1 Epigenetics-Based Kits Market Overview

Chapter 2 Global Economic Impact on Industry

Chapter 3 Global Market Competition by Manufacturers

Chapter 4 Global Production, Revenue (Value) by Region

Chapter 5 Global Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Regions

Chapter 6 Global Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type

Chapter 7 Global Market Analysis by Application

Chapter 8 Manufacturing Cost Analysis

Chapter 9 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

Chapter 10 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

Chapter 11 Market Effect Factors Analysis

Chapter 12 Global Epigenetics-Based Kits Market Forecast

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Epigenetics-Based Kits Market Recovery and Impact Analysis Report Active Motif, Promega Corporation, Thermo Fisher Scientific , New England Biolabs,...

AUSTIN, Texas, June 21, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- VolitionRx Limited ( AMERICAN: VNRX) ("Volition"), a multi-national epigenetics company developing simple, easy to use, cost effective blood tests to help diagnose a range of cancers and other diseases in both humans and animals, today announced that Scott Powell, EVP of Investor Relations and Chief Financial Officer of Volition America Inc., will present live at LifeSciencesInvestorForum.com on June 24th.

DATE: Thursday, June 24th TIME: 1:30 PM ETLINK: https://bit.ly/3c7Ertp

This will be a live, interactive online event where investors are invited to ask the company questions in real-time. If attendees are not able to join the event live on the day of the conference, an archived webcast will also be made available after the event.

It is recommended that investors pre-register and run the online system check to expedite participation and receive event updates.

Learn more about the event at http://www.lifesciencesinvestorforum.com.

About VolitionRx Limited

Volition is a multi-national epigenetics company developing simple, easy to use, cost effective blood tests to help diagnose a range of cancers and other diseases. Early diagnosis has the potential to not only prolong the life of patients, but also to improve their quality of life. The tests are based on the science of Nucleosomics, which is the practice of identifying and measuring nucleosomes in the bloodstream or other bodily fluid - an indication that disease is present. Volition is primarily focused on human diagnostics but also has a subsidiary focused on animal diagnostics.

Volition's research and development activities are centered in Belgium, with a small laboratory in California and additional offices in Texas, London and Singapore, as the company focuses on bringing its diagnostic products to market.

For more information about Volition, visit Volition's website volition.com or connect with us via: Twitter: https://twitter.com/volitionrx LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/volitionrx Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/VolitionRx/

The contents found at Volition's website address, Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, and YouTube are not incorporated by reference into this document and should not be considered part of this document. The addresses for Volition's website, Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, and YouTube are included in this document as inactive textual references only.

About Life Sciences Investor Forum

Life Sciences Investor Forum is the leading proprietary investor conference series that provides an interactive forum for Life Sciences companies to meet with and present directly to investors.

A real-time solution for investor engagement, Life Sciences Investor Forum is powered by Intrado Digital Media and specifically designed for more efficient investor access. Replicating the look and feel of on-site investor conferences, Life Sciences Investor Forum combines leading-edge conferencing and investor communications capabilities with a comprehensive global investor audience network.

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VolitionRx Limited to Webcast Live at Life Sciences Investor Forum June 24th - GuruFocus.com

Enhancing liquid biopsies

Liquid biopsies, analyses of cell-free DNA that circulates in the blood, can be used in prenatal testing, oncology, and to monitor organ transplant recipients. Lo et al. review the nongenetic information that can be gleaned from analyses of cell-free DNA, which offers additional promise for the applications of this procedure. These analyses include DNA methylation patterns, fragmentation profiles, and topology, which can be informative about the health and origin of the tissue from which they are derived.

Science, this issue p. eaaw3616

Liquid biopsies that are based on analysis of cell-free DNA from plasma offer diagnostic information that is otherwise accessible conventionally through invasive biopsies. Noninvasive prenatal testing has been used globally for the screening of fetal chromosomal aneuploidies and has led to a considerable reduction in invasive prenatal testing, such as use of amniocentesis. Cancer liquid biopsies have been used for the selection of targeted therapies and monitoring of disease progression. Liquid biopsies for organ transplant patients have been used to monitor graft dysfunction. The first applications of liquid biopsies are based on the detection of genetic markers in cell-free DNA, such as sex differences, genetic polymorphisms, or mutations. By studying nongenetic features of cell-free DNA moleculesincluding DNA methylation, fragmentation, and topologyunderstanding of cell-free DNA biology has expanded the spectrum and utilities of liquid biopsies.

Cell-free DNA in plasma consists of a mixture of fragmented DNA molecules released from various tissues within the body. Each cell-free DNA fragment bears molecular signatures of its cell of origin, such as DNA methylation status. The methylation profile of circulating fetal DNA in the mothers plasma correlates with that of the placenta and has been exploited as a means to develop noninvasive fetus-specific biomarkers that are not dependent on fetal sex or genotype. Circulating tumor-derived DNA bear methylation states that resemble the tumor tissue and have enabled the development of tests for the screening and localization of cancer. The fragmentation of plasma DNA is related to the nucleosomal organization, chromatin structure, gene expression, and nuclease content of the tissue of origin, resulting in characteristic signatures in the form of fragment size, nucleotide motifs at the fragment ends, single-stranded jagged ends, and the genomic locations of the fragmentation endpoints. For mitochondrial DNA that is originally in a circular form, fragmentation will also change its topology into a linear form. By noting these features of cell-free DNA fragments, the anatomical site of pathology could potentially be deduced, providing additional information than just quantifying mitochondrial DNA without regard to its form. The study of such characteristics has also enhanced our understanding of the biology and generation of cell-free DNA. The roles of nucleases in plasma DNA biology, such as deoxyribonuclease 1like-3, have been explored by using gene-deletion mouse models and confirmed in humans bearing nuclease gene mutations, with potential implications for the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

The use of DNA methylation, fragmentomic, and topologic analyses of circulating DNA, either in a targeted fashion or in a genomewide manner, will be expected to impact clinical practice. Clinical specimens covering more disease entities will need to be investigated to identify tissue-specific and disease-relevant signatures. During the discovery phase, to better delineate these signatures, mining is performed on high volumes of DNA data pooled within and across samples by using customized bioinformatics algorithms. Once these putative sets of signatures have been identified, signature- and target-specific assays could be developed, and large-scale clinical trials will be needed to validate these approaches. One application is in the development of plasma DNAbased cancer screening. One advantage of these approaches is the potentially large number of markers that can be developed to differentiate cancer and noncancer cells and in the ability to locate the tissue of origin of the detected cancer, possibly including cancers of unknown primary. In the area of noninvasive prenatal testing, the correlation of DNA methylation, fragmentomic, and topologic aberrations in circulating DNA to clinical outcomes would expand the spectrum of diagnostic applications beyond current ones. Fragmentomic approaches have the potential for enriching the cell-free DNA species of interest, such as through the use of automated platforms that allow the size separation of circulating DNA. In the area of organ transplant monitoring, the development of DNA methylation, fragmentomic, and topologic markers would provide an alternative to genetic markers for detecting rejection. These nongenetic markers may enable further differentiation of the donors contribution to the circulating DNA pool into its constituent tissue components. The understanding between circulating DNA and nucleases is in its infancy. Circulating DNA signatures attributable to changes in nuclease expression in health and disease need to be elucidated and may have emerging diagnostic applications.

Different tissues, including cancer cells and trophoblasts in pregnancy, contribute cell-free DNA to the circulation. The cell-free DNA molecules may bear methylation states reflective of the cell of origin. The DNA molecule size, fragment end locations, and end motifs are influenced by the nucleosome organization, chromatin structure, nuclease content, and gene expression of the tissue of origin. Parameters that can be measured to quantify these characteristics are shown on the right.

Liquid biopsies that analyze cell-free DNA in blood plasma are used for noninvasive prenatal testing, oncology, and monitoring of organ transplant recipients. DNA molecules are released into the plasma from various bodily tissues. Physical and molecular features of cell-free DNA fragments and their distribution over the genome bear information about their tissues of origin. Moreover, patterns of DNA methylation of these molecules reflect those of their tissue sources. The nucleosomal organization and nuclease content of the tissue of origin affect the fragmentation profile of plasma DNA molecules, such as fragment size and end motifs. Besides double-stranded linear fragments, other topological forms of cell-free DNA also existnamely circular and single-stranded molecules. Enhanced by these features, liquid biopsies hold promise for the noninvasive detection of tissue-specific pathologies with a range of clinical applications.

Continue reading here:
Epigenetics, fragmentomics, and topology of cell-free DNA in liquid biopsies - Science

Epigenetics-based instruments marketis expected to register a substantial CAGR in the forecast period of 2019-2026. The report contains data from the base year of 2018 and the historic year of 2017. This rise in market value can be attributed to the various innovations and advancements of technologies associated with epigenetics.

The persuasive Epigenetics-Based Instruments market report displays a comprehensive study on production capacity, consumption, import and export for all the major regions across the globe. Analysis and discussion of important industry trends, market size, and market share are estimated in the report. The report uses an excellent research methodology which focuses on market share analysis and key trend analysis. The market research report plays a key role in developing the strategies for sales, advertising, marketing, and promotion. Key insights of the Epigenetics-Based Instruments advertising report are complete and distinct analysis of the market drivers and restraints, major market players involved in this industry, detailed analysis of the market segmentation and competitive analysis of the key players involved.

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Few of the major competitors currently working in the global epigenetics-based instruments market arePacific Biosciences of California, Inc.; 10x Genomics; Illumina, Inc.; Merck KGaA; QIAGEN; Eisai Co., Ltd.; Novartis AG; Diagenode s.a.; Zymo Research; Active Motif, Inc.; Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.; Agilent Technologies, Inc.; Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.; Bio-Techne among others.

Key Developments in the Market:

Market Drivers

Market Restraints

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Segmentation: Global Epigenetics-Based Instruments Market

By Product

By Technology

By Application

By End-Users

ByGeography

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Global Epigenetics-Based Instruments Market to Deliver Prominent Growth & Striking Opportunities, Analysis By Active Motif, Inc.; Thermo Fisher...

CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary genetic editing tool that allows scientists tochange the DNA code of an organism, has quickly become one of the most important medical advancements of our time. Theoretically, the possibilitiesof what can be done with targeted genetic editing are immense, and each new innovation gives hope to millions of people with inherited disorders across the globe.

However, like all things in life, CRISPR-Cas9 is not perfect. It sometimes likes tochange bits of DNAthat it shouldnt, and sometimes itis simply not viable for use against a disease.

In an attempt to combat CRISPR-Cas9's limitations, researchers fromtheWeissman Labat the Whitehead Institutehave developed a new CRISPR technology calledCRISPRonandCRISPRoff, which can target specific genes and turn them on or offwithout changing the DNA code. Their findings are published in the journalCell.

The big story here is we now have a simple tool that can silence the vast majority of genes, says Weissman in astatement.

We can do this for multiple genes at the same time without any DNA damage, with great deal of homogeneity, and in a way that can be reversed. It's a great tool for controlling gene expression.

CRISPRoffuses the same fundamental targeting systems as CRISPR-Cas9, hence theirclose names. CRISPR-Cas9 is a two-part system, involving a CRISPR sequence and aCas9protein associated with it. The CRISPR sequence acts as a homing beacon you can target it at a specific point in the genetic code of an organism and it searches out that sequence. Upon arrival, it unleashes Cas9, which attacks the DNAand cuts it with enzymes. Broken apart, the CRISPR-Cas9 then leaves the DNA sequenceto repair itself using its own internal machinery, changing the sequence in the desired way in the process.

But changing a DNA sequence is permanent, and using the body's own internal machinerymakes the process difficult to accurately target. What if we could remove the activity of a gene without fundamentally changing it?

To do so, the researchers turned to gene expression. Throughout the genome, genes are regularly turned on and off using the addition of simple chemical groups this is called epigenetics.Oneimportant epigeneticprocess, calledDNA methylation, involves the addition of a methyl group that essentially blocks the gene from being read by the cell if the gene is hidden, it will notbe turned into a protein and the gene is "silenced".

When this goes wrong, diseases can occur. A number of diseases are linked with this activation or silencing,includingPrader-Willisyndrome,Fragile Xsyndrome, and some cancers.

CRISPRon/offutilizesepigenetic modification to genetically edit DNA, allowingscientists to turn genes "on and off" as they choose. Usingsmall pieces of RNA that guideCRISPRon/offto a target site, thetechnologycanadd or remove methyl groups from specific sites in the gene, modifying their expression.

This change is inherited through cell divisions, making it an invaluable tool for anything from understanding the genome to developing therapies against epigenetic disease.The researchers are now hopeful that their new genetic editing can be used across a range of applications, improving the arsenal of tools scientists now have to fight genetic disorders.

I think our tool really allows us to begin to study the mechanism of heritability, especially epigenetic heritability, which is a huge question in the biomedical sciences, said the first author James Nuez.

View post:
New CRISPR Breakthrough Can Turn Genes On And Off With Ease - IFLScience

The newly added research report by Industry Growth Insights (IGI) on the Global Epigenetics Market is a detailed guide to understand several factors that play a vital role in growth progression. The report is fabricated in such a way that fosters the investment decisions and motivates crucial investment discretion for new businesses looking out for seamless market penetration.

Some of the prominent companies that are covered in this report:

IlluminaThermo Fisher ScientificMerck MilliporeAbcamActive MotifBio-RadNew England BiolabsAgilentQiagenZymo ResearchPerkinelmerDiagenode

*Note: Additional companies can be included on request

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Epigenetics Market Report: Introduction

Report on Epigenetics market is a comprehensive study that deals with the status and the global position and offers DROC analysis for transforming competitive dynamics and different factors driving or restraining industry growth. The Epigenetics market is the most booming and promising sector of the industry. The Epigenetics market trend research process includes the analysis of different factors affecting the industry, with the government policy, competitive landscape, historical data, market environment, present and future trends in the market, upcoming technologies, technological developments, and the technical progress in related industry, and market risks, market barriers, opportunities, and challenges.

Why Choose this Report?

Industry Growth Insights (IGI), which is one of the worlds top market research firms, has released a new report on the Epigenetics market. The report is made with great precision and in a comprehensive manner to help the clients to identify hidden opportunities and gather information about unpredictable challenges in the market. The Epigenetics report highlights vital growth factors, restraints, and trends of the market. The research study offers a wholesome analysis of the critical aspects of the Epigenetics market, including competition, segmentation, geographical progress, manufacturing cost analysis, and price structure. We have provided CAGR, value, volume, sales, production, revenue, and other estimations for the global and regional markets.

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The report also includes the impact of the ongoing global crisis i.e., COVID-19 on the Epigenetics market and how the pandemic is transforming the market performance. The published report is made with the help of a vigorous and thorough research methodology. Industry Growth Insights (IGI) is also famous for its data accuracy and granular market reports. A complete picture of the competitive scenario of the Epigenetics market is offered by this report. The report has an impressive amount of data about the recent product and technological developments in the markets. It has a wide spectrum of analysis regarding the impact of these advancements on the markets future growth, wide-range of analysis of these extensions on the markets future growth.

Objectives of the Report

The market seems to be evenly competitive. To analyze any market with simplicity the market is divided into segments, such as its product types, applications, technology, end-users, etc. Segmenting the market into smaller components makes it easier to analyze the dynamics of the market with more transparency. All the data has been depicted with the help of tables and figures that consist of a graphical representation of the numbers in the form of histograms, bar graphs, pie charts, etc. Another key component that is integrated with the report is the regional analysis to assess the global presence of the Epigenetics market.

Following is the gist of segmentation:

By Applications:

OncologyMetabolic DiseasesDevelopmental BiologyImmunologyCardiovascular DiseasesOther Applications

By Types:

DNA MethylationHistone ModificationsOther Technologies

By Regions:

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Table of Contents:

Executive Summary

Assumptions and Acronyms Used

Research Methodology

Epigenetics Market Overview

Global Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast by Type

Global Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast by Application

Global Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast by Sales Channel

Global Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast by Region

North America Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast

Latin America Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast

Europe Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast

Asia Pacific Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast

Asia Pacific Epigenetics Market Size and Volume Forecast by Application

Middle East & Africa Epigenetics Market Analysis and Forecast

Competition Landscape

About Industry Growth Insights (IGI):

Industry Growth Insights (IGI) has vast experience in making tailored market research reports in many industry verticals. We also have an urge to provide complete client satisfaction. We cover in-depth market analysis, which consists of generating lucrative business strategies for the new entrants and the emerging players of the market. We make sure that each report is subjected to intensive primary, secondary research, interviews, and consumer surveys before final dispatch. Our company offers market threat analysis, market opportunity analysis, and deep insights into the current market scenario.

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