Category Archives: Michigan Stem Cells

Bioengineering Human Embyro and Organ Models

Early human development remains mysterious and difficult to study. Recent advances in developmental biology, stem cell biology and bioengineering have contributed to a significant interest in constructing controllable, stem cell-based models of human embryo and organs (embryoids / organoids). The controllability and reproducibility of these human development models, coupled with the ease of genetically modifying stem cell lines, the ability to manipulate culture conditions and the simplicity of live imaging, make them robust and attractive systems to disentangle cellular behaviors and signaling interactions that drive human development. In this talk, I will describe our effort in using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and bioengineering tools to develop controllable models of the peri-implantation embryonic development and early neural development. The peri-implantation human embryoids recapitulate early post-implantation developmental landmarks, including amniotic cavity formation, amniotic ectoderm-epiblast patterning, primordial germ cell specification, development and organization of embryonic germ layers, yolk sac formation, and primitive hematopoiesis. I will further discuss an hPSC-based, microfluidic neural tube-like structure (or NTLS), whose development recapitulates some critical aspects of neural patterning in both brain and spinal cord regions and along both rostrocaudal and dorsoventral axes. The NTLS is further utilized for studying development of different neuronal lineages, revealing pre-patterning of axial identities of neural crest progenitors and a role of neuromesodermal progenitors in spinal cord and trunk neural crest development. We have further developed dorsoventral patterned, microfluidic forebrain-like structures (FBLS) with spatially segregated dorsal and ventral regions and layered apicobasal cellular organizations that mimic human embryonic brain development in pallium and subpallium areas, respectively. Together, both NTLS and FBLS offer 3D lumenal tissue architectures with an in vivo-like spatiotemporal cell differentiation and organization, useful for studying human neurodevelopment and disease.

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Talk@BCRT | Jianping Fu (University of Michigan) - Berlin Institute of Health

A team of University of Michigan researchers is developing a new anti-cancer drug that is absorbed through the guts lymphatic system rather than blood vessels, potentially outmaneuvering the molecular signaling pathways that lead to drug resistance while increasing cancer-fighting ability and reducing side effects.

In a study published today inNature Communications,the team reports on a novel kinase inhibitor that significantly reduced disease, limited toxicity and prolonged survival in mice with myelofibrosis, a precursor to acute leukemia.

SEE ALSO: Researchers find link between genetic mutations and cancer treatment resistance

They designed the oral medication LP-182 to simultaneously target phosphoinositide 3-kinase, also known as PI3K, and mitogen-activated protein kinase, known as MAPK, molecular signaling pathways that drive a high percentage of cancers.

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Cancer treatment often involves combination therapy to target different cancer cell vulnerabilities. But because these drugs circulate through and are absorbed and removed by the body at different rates, it can be challenging to sustain the right therapeutic balance of each individual drug at a concentration necessary to be effective while limiting drug toxicity and side effects, said lead authorBrian D. Ross, Ph.D., the Roger A. Berg Research Professor of Radiology at the University of Michigan Medical School.

Failure to strike this balance reduces the effectiveness of the drug combinations against cancer and can lead to drug resistance, as PI3K and MAPK crosstalk can activate downstream pathways to resist therapy. Even if a drug blocks one pathway, another can provide an escape survival pathway to compensate and continue growing.

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Unlike traditional oral drugs, which are often designed to be rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, researchers treating mice with myelofibrosis found that LP-182 is absorbed by the guts lymphatic system first. The lymphatic system serves as a storage reservoir, separating the drug from the rest of the body and gradually releasing the therapy into the general circulation over time to maintain drug concentrations at an optimal therapeutic level.

SEE ALSO: Study Suggests New Approach to Improve Radiation Therapy Resistance in Glioblastoma

Within the therapeutic window, we are able to maintain the on-target inhibition of two distinct pathways that are talking to one another, said Ross, who is also the director of the Center for Molecular Imaging at Michigan Medicine and director of the Preclinical Molecular Imaging Shared Resource at the U-M Rogel Cancer Center. This demonstrates the feasibility of delivering anti-cancer agents directly into the lymphatic system, which opens tremendous new opportunity for improving cancer therapeutic outcomes and reducing the side effects of the agents themselves.

In myelofibrosis, excessive scar tissue forms in the bone marrow, disrupting normal blood cell production. Overactive molecular signaling leads to a proliferation of malignant stem cells, extensive fibrosis, enlarged spleen and progressive bone marrow failure.

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New drug candidate uses novel absorption method to target cancer cells in mice - Michigan Medicine

Professor, Mechanical EngineeringProfessor, Biomedical EngineeringProfessor, Cell and Developmental Biology

2664 GGB2350 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109

PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007MS, University of California, Los Angeles, 2002BE, University of Science and Technology of China, 2000

Stem Cell Bioengineering, Developmental Bioengineering, Mechanobiology, and BioMEMS

Translational Award, UM Life Sciences - Michigan Translational Research and Commercialization (MTRAC) Program, 2021Fast Forward Medical Innovation (FFMI) fastPACE Award, Runner-up, 2020Fellow, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 2020Analytical Chemistry Young Innovator Award, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2020Senior Member, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2020Fellow, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2020Robert M. Caddell Memorial Award for Research, University of Michigan, 2020Member, International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) Guidelines Working Group (2019-2021)Council Member, Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES) Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering Special Interest Group (CMBE-SIG) (2020-2022)Fellow, American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE), 2020George J. Huebner, Jr. Research Excellence Award, University of Michigan, 2018Kickstart Award, Michigan Translational Research and Commercialization (MTRAC) for Life Sciences Innovation Hub, 2016Coulter Translational Research Award, University of Michigan, 2016Rising Star Award, Biomedical Engineering Society - Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering, 2016Ted Kennedy Family Team Excellence Award, University of Michigan, 2015Mechanical Engineering Outstanding Faculty Achievement Award, 2014Robert M. Caddell Memorial Award for Research, University of Michigan, 2014National Science Foundation CAREER Award, 2012American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant, 2012American Heart Association Postdoctoral Fellowship, 2008-2010Senturia Prize for Best Thesis in MEMS/NEMS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007Halen Carr Peake Research Prize for Bioengineering Research of Extraordinary Quality, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007PPST 20th Anniversary Research Excellence Award, First Runner-up, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006100K Entrepreneurship Competition, Semifinalist, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006Massachusetts Technology Assessment Award, 2006

Tenured and Tenure-Track

Analytical Chemistry Young Innovator Awarded to Jianping Fu09/06/2020Professor Jianping Fu has been awarded the Analytical Chemistry Award from the American Chemical Society.

Jianping Fu Elected to the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering College of Fellows11/06/2019AIMBE is a non-profit, honorific society of the most accomplished individuals in the fields of medical and biological engineering.

ME PhD Student Awarded NIH Predoctoral Fellowship07/26/2019Sajedeh Nasr Esfahani receives two years of support for research in organogenesis.

Fu co-authors a commentary on the subject of synthetic embryos in Nature12/12/2018Take a look at what has been achieved in this emerging field along with the ethics of where research may go in the future.

Fu's research on the development of human embryo-like structures featured in Nature07/09/2018New techniques are providing unprecedented views into human development and raising ethical questions.

Toward a stem cell model of human nervous system development05/22/2018The new study also reveals the important role of mechanical signals in the development of the human nervous system.

ME alumnus Yue Shao receives ProQuest Distinguished Dissertation Award02/20/2018This award recognizes highly accomplished graduate students who have produced exceptional dissertations of outstanding scholarly quality in any field of study.

Fu's research featured in MIT Technology Review09/19/2017Artificial human embryos are coming, and no one knows how to handle them

Tiny device offers insight into how cancer spreads09/07/2017Researchers have developed a fluidic device to track over time which cancer cells lead the diseases invasive march.

How stem cells grow into structures that could aid understanding of infertility08/09/2017Jianping Fu's research has shown that pluripotent stem cells can self-organize into a structure similar to the amniotic sac, an early stage of human development. The discovery could be used to study why pregnancies fail.

The beginning of the amniotic sac12/16/2016People have a fairly good understanding of what happens in embryos before and after implantation, said Jianping Fu, But what is happening during implantation, including the process of amnion development, is a black box.

Fu's paper published in Nature Materials11/11/2016The paper is titled "Mechanosensitive subcellular rheostasis drives emergent single-cell mechanical homeostasis"

Fu's research featured as cover story of two journals05/13/2016ME Associate Professor Jianping Fu's research has been selected for the cover story of the 2016 May 11 issue of Advanced Healthcare Materials and the 2016 May 4 issue of Small

Chance Encounter Leads to Use of Life-Saving Blood Analysis Device04/28/2015This device, developed by a multidisciplinary team including ME professors Fu and Kurabayashi, is a microfluidic device that uses a miniscule amount of blood a mere microliter to achieve test results in 20 minutes

ME Faculty Receive CoE Awards01/14/2015Four ME faculty members received College of Engineering Awards in 2015. These recipients include Jun Ni, Huei Peng, Katsuo Kurabayashi, and Jianping Fu

MCubed Grant Precedes Larger NIH Award of $3 Million10/06/2014A transformative diagnostic tool for rapid measurement of patient immune status, developed through a close collaboration between U-M researchers from the Medical School and the Department of Mechanical Engineering, received NIH funding this past July

How a Silly Putty ingredient could advance stem cell therapies04/21/2014Jianping Fu coaxed human embryonic stem cells to turn into working spinal cord cells more efficiently by growing the cells on a soft, utrafine carpet made of a key ingredient in Silly Putty

Weiqiang Chen Awarded the American Heart Association Predoctoral Fellowship and the Baxter Young Investigator Award08/22/2013Weiqiang Chen, PhD candidate, has won both the American Heart Association Predoctoral Fellowship and the Baxter Young Investigator Award. He is a member of Dr. Fus Integrated Biosystems and Biomechanics Lab.

Fu and Kurabayashi's research featured as cover story of Advanced Healthcare Materials07/11/2013Advanced Healthcare Materials is an international, interdisciplinary forum for peer-reviewed papers on materials science aimed at promoting human health

Fu's research featured as cover story of three journals03/20/2013His work is featured in Integrative Biology, ACS Nano, and Small

Capturing circulating cancer cells could provide insights into how disease spreads12/12/2012Research by Jianping Fu shows that a glass plate with a nanoscale roughness could be a simple way for scientists to capture and study the circulating tumor cells that carry cancer around the body through the bloodstream

Two important research papers accepted for publication in ACS Nano and PLoS ONE06/08/2012Both papers were authored by Ph.D candidates in Jianping Fu's lab and contain groundbreaking research on the use of synthetic micro/nanoscale materials to regulate human embryonic stem cell (hESC) functions

Fu receives 2012 NSF CAREER Award05/16/2012CAREER awards recognize junior faculty who exemplify the role of teacher-scholars through outstanding research and education

University Stem Cell Research Highlighted in Popular Science02/17/2011Fu's work on Stem Cell microenvironment forces published in Popular Science.

Fu Published in Nature Methods06/18/2010Assistant Professor Jianping Fu studies how the mechanical properties of the stem cell environment can direct stem cell differentiation.

Welcome Assistant Professor Jianping Fu08/20/2009

Fu's research featured as cover story of two issues of Small07/11/2022ME Associate Professor Jianping Fu's research has been selected for the frontispiece story for the 2016 Aug. 12 issue of Small and the inside front cover story for the 2016 Sept. 7 issue of Small.

Fu's research featured as cover story of two Small issues07/11/2022ME Associate Professor Jianping Fu's research has been selected for the frontispiece story for the 2016 Aug. 12 issue of Small and the inside front cover story for the 2016 Sept. 7 issue of Small.

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Jianping Fu Mechanical Engineering - University of Michigan

Key CompaniesCovered in theCell Culture MarketResearch areBecton, Dickinson and Company, Corning Incorporated, Eppendorf, Sartorius AG, Merck KGaA, Lonza Group AG, PromoCell GmbH, Danaher Corporation, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and HiMedia Laboratories.and other key market players.

The global cell culture market accounted for $16,107.7 million in 2019, and is expected to reach $36,926.8 million by 2027, registering a CAGR of 10.9% from 2020 to 2027.

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A cell culture is defined as the distribution of cells in an artificial environment (in vitro). Furthermore, this artificial environment is composed of all the necessary nutrients such as ideal temperature, gases, pH, and humidity, which are essential for the growth and proliferation of the cells. In addition, the cells are obtained from either plants or animals. There are different types of tools and machines, which are used in producing a cell culture. These machines are called as instruments and there are different types of chemicals, which are also employed in the production of a cell culture.

These chemicals get used up during the process and hence are called as consumables. For instance, some of the instruments, which are used to produce cell culture include bioreactors, cell culture vessels, and others. Similarly, some of the consumables used in the process include sera, reagents, and others. In addition, cell cultures are of a great importance and hence find their use in fields such as cancer research, stem cell technology, and others.

For instance, in cancer research, cell cultures enable investigators to tap a renewable source of stable tumor cells for various experiments. In addition, there are different types of industries, which use instruments and consumables to make cell cultures such as research institutes, pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies, and others.

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The major factors that contribute toward the growth of the cell culture market include surge in prevalence of cancer and rise in adoption of cell culture technique. Furthermore, factors such as surge in awareness related to use of cell culture technique in research and increase in research related funding also help boost the market growth. In addition, surge in cancer related research is another major factor that fuels the growth of the market. However, high investment related to cell culture business restricts the growth of the cell culture market. Conversely, expected rise in demand for advanced cell culture technologies offers a lucrative opportunity for the cell culture market growth.

The global cell culture market is segmented on the basis of product, application, end user, and region to provide a detailed assessment of the market. By product, the market is divided into instruments, and consumables. The instruments segment is further divided into bioreactors, cell culture vessels, cell culture storage equipment, and cell culture supporting instruments. In addition, the consumables segment is divided into sera, media, reagents, and bioreactor accessories. By application, the market is classified into stem cell technology, cancer research, drug screening & development, tissue engineering & regenerative medicine, and others.

By end user, it is divided into research institutes, pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies and others. By region, the cell culture market size is analyzed across North America (U.S., Canada, and Mexico), Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, and rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, India, Australia, South Korea, and rest of Asia-Pacific), and LAMEA (Brazil, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, and rest of LAMEA).

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KEY BENEFITS FOR STAKEHOLDERS The study provides an in-depth analysis of the market along with the current trends and future estimations to elucidate the imminent investment pockets. It offers a quantitative analysis from 2019 to 2027, which is expected to enable the stakeholders to capitalize on the prevailing market opportunities. A comprehensive analysis of major regions is provided to determine the existing opportunities. The profiles and growth strategies of the key players are thoroughly analyzed to understand the competitive outlook of the global market.

KEY MARKET SEGMENTS

By Product Consumableso Serao Mediao Reagentso Bioreactor Accessories Instrumentso Bioreactorso Cell Culture Vesselso Cell Culture Storage Equipmento Cell Culture Supporting Instruments

By Application Stem Cell Technology Cancer Research Drug Screening and Development Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine Others?By End User Research Institutes Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies Others

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By Region North Americao U.S.o Canadao Mexico Europeo Germanyo Franceo UKo Italyo Spaino Rest of Europe Asia-Pacifico Chinao Japano Indiao Australiao South Koreao Rest of Asia-Pacific LAMEAo Brazilo Saudi Arabiao South Africao Rest of LAMEA

Table of Content:

Key Benefits for Industry Participants & Stakeholders

Key Questions Answered in the Market Report

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Cell Culture Market Key Drives Zeroing In On The Main Merchants | Danaher Corporation, Thermo Fisher Scientific Designer Women - Designer Women

June 19 is World Sickle Cell Day.

At 18 months, I was diagnosed with the most severe type of sickle cell anemia: HbSS. Its a mutation that occurs when a child inherits two genes of hemoglobin S from each parent. The rigid red blood cells clump together, causing blockages in blood flow that lead to chronic anemia, episodic pain crises, and widespread organ damage.

With the disease progression, my symptoms became harder to manage as I aged. For years, I arduously searched for a cure and in 2019, I participated in a clinical research trial, receiving an allogeneic stem cell transplant from a matched sibling donor at the National Institute of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland.

A Stranger in My Own Body

With sickle cell behind me, I was optimistic and hopeful but the road to recovery was challenging. I suddenly experienced an identity crisis; questioning my new normal and struggling to adapt to life after sickle cell anemia.

Physically, I had the immune system of a two-year-old but the body of a middle-aged woman because this debilitating blood disease wreaked havoc on my tissues, bones, and organs. Mentally, I was crippled by an influx of opposing emotions (i.e. anger, fear, sadness, joy) and couldnt escape survivors guilt. As I tried to push past fear, my friends called me brave. How ironic.

Curative treatment therapies like hematopoietic transplantation and gene therapy eliminate symptoms and stop disease progression. However, after transplantation, the patient becomes a carrier of the sickle cell trait (AS), meaning the disease can still be passed on to children. Education around the transplant experience has inspired a niche community of advocates; patients who are turning their pain into purpose.

As a sickle cell thought-leader, Ive used my patient experience as an added advantage by consulting for healthcare technology platforms and genomic biotech companies. For researchers, advisory panels can simplify educational materials, refine trial designs, train members of the health team, and share insights that optimize the clinical trial experience for upcoming therapies.

The Power of Media

Growing up, I was truly disheartened by the depiction of sickle cell disease (SCD) in the media. Characters in movies and TV shows were given story arcs that purported stigma and misinformation among the general public, so my advocacy goal was to take control of the narrative through proactive engagement with the media.

When we hear the phrase representation matters, it is not limited to race, religion, or sexual orientation; it also applies to rare diseases and the disabled community. Diverse perspectives in the media have the power to transform prejudice into empathy and make the invisible visible.

In my professional opinion, showcasing gamuts of the patient experience using perceptive awareness campaigns can encourage the healthcare industry to see patients as people first and lean toward providing compassionate and respectful care.

What is Optimal Advocacy?

In the sickle cell community, advocacy is multi-dimensional with a focus placed on protecting the patients rights, improving communication between patients and providers, activating a network of support, and proposing policies that deliver high-quality care.

While working on a project with my mentor, Vence Bonham (JD), acting deputy director of the National Human Genome Research Institute, I got a lesson in real advocacy. He believes that optimal advocacy should empower key stakeholders at every level including patients, caregivers, providers, researchers, healthcare organizations, pharmaceutical companies, community groups and congressional committees.

For decades, the standard of care was breached by implicit bias and racist attitudes expressed by health care workers who ignorantly dehumanized people with sickle cell disease. Patients were labeled as drug seekers and accused of faking pain, resulting in inadequate treatment and more suffering. Effective advocacy should facilitate change and address the needs of the community.

As a facilitator in Bonhams group, I met three extraordinary women who are advocates for change on every level family, system, community and policy. Their exceptional leadership and grassroots efforts are actively combating the stigma of sickle cell disease across the country.

Wanda Whitten-Shurney, M.D., is the medical director of the Michigan chapter of the Sickle Cell Disease Association of America (SCDAA). She is a general pediatrician who coordinates the newborn hemoglobinopathy screening program for the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. If a child is born with sickle cell disease, the SCDAA alerts the family, gets the child into pediatric care and coordinates penicillin prophylaxis.

Inspired by the legacy of her late father, Charles Whitten, M.D., founder of the National Association for Sickle Cell Disease, advocacy is very important to Whitten-Shurney.

Our patients are dying and a lot of these deaths could have been prevented, she says. I think the reason patient care is so poor is because of the constant stigmatization of patients as drug-seekers. Doctors dont pay enough attention to sickle cell patients so my role is to teach them how to advocate for better care.

Whitten-Shurney is a big part of fighting the stigma of sickle cell disease in Michigan by getting patients out of the emergency room and focusing on holistic wellness. In the future, she wants to create an adult multidisciplinary care center a statewide hub and spoke model where patients can receive primary care, specialized sickle cell care, and psychosocial support.

Kim Smith-Whitley, M.D., is the executive vice president and head of research and development for Global Blood Therapeutics (GBT). She is a world-renowned hematologist and an active sickle cell advocate with over 30 years of research experience in pulmonary complications, transfusion-related complications, and health care utilization.

In 2019, Global Blood Therapeutics announced the approval of Oxbryta, a disease-modifying prescription medication that stops hemoglobin from sickling in adults and children over the age of four. Oxbryta is an oral therapy taken once daily that directly inhibits sickle hemoglobin polymerization, which is the root cause of SCD.

As a pediatric hematologist, I saw the social inequities and stigma that impacted the sickle cell community because it mostly consists of Black and brown people, she says. I think we need to find a way to increase awareness so that we can draw companies that are interested in developing and delivering therapies that truly address the underlying cause of sickle cell, thereby improving survival. She believes that raising the voice of individuals with sickle cell will empower them to advocate for high-quality care and shared decision-making.

Teonna Woolford is the CEO of the Sickle Cell Reproductive Health Education Directive (SCRED), the first 501(c)3 non-profit that focuses on reproductive health. The organization offers fertility preservation grants to sickle cell patients undergoing curative therapies.

Some people think that given the complications of sickle cell disease, women shouldnt be encouraged to conceive. Sickle cell patients are whole and to honor that wholeness, our reproductive health must be prioritized, she says.

SCRED provides education on reproductive health concerns, establishes standards for effective and high-quality reproductive health care, and advocates for policies that can improve access to comprehensive care.Woolfords passion for advocacy has inspired discussions with world leaders like former First Lady Michelle Obama and the late congressman John Lewis.

Advocates play a critical role in convincing lawmakers and health leaders to reverse policies and allocate resources to fund treatment advancements for SCD patients globally.Whether youre a physician, caregiver, or patient, a seat at the table is a rare opportunity to effect change and improve healthcare.

TOPICS: health and wellness sickle cell disease world sickle cell day

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Erasing The Stigma Of Sickle Cell Disease Through Advocacy - Essence

There's a secret key to staying young, but you need to start it early, according to a recent study performed by the University of Copenhagen, Denmark. What's the secret to a younger you? Well, it's all about consistently keeping your muscles strong. Doing so regularly throughout your life is the formula to remaining youthful, this new study reveals. We've got the scoop, so read on to learn more, and next, check out The 6 Best Exercises for Strong and Toned Arms in 2022, Trainer Says.

First off, it's important to understand just how critical your muscles are. You don't simply need them to look strong and buff; muscles are necessary for you to survive. Your heart is a musclein fact, according to Michigan State University, it's the "strongest muscle" in your entire body! Your muscles give you strength and allow you to get exercise and lead an active lifestyle. Read on to find out why you really need to step up and give them the attention and TLC they truly deserve.

Related: Drink This Much Water Each Day To Prevent Heart Failure, New Study Says

A recent study publishedinThe Journal of Physiology found that keeping your muscles healthy by staying "recreationally active" regularly throughout your life is the fountain of youth you may be looking for. You heard that rightstaying active consistently can protect your body from losing muscle mass and the functionality that happens naturally as you age.

This first of its kind research examined nerve activity, stem cells, and muscle in men 68 years of age and older. The study found those who have consistently lived a physically active life have healthier aging muscles. When it comes to fatigue, their muscle has a greater resistance when compared to inactive people at every age. The muscle in the active individuals was found to have more muscle stem cells (satellite cells). Satellite cells preserve your nerves; they are needed to regenerate muscle along with growth throughout your life.

The active individuals were found to be involved in various, consistent exercise throughout their lives, including biking, racket/ball sports, swimming, resistance exercise, rowing, and/or running.

Related: How To Extend Your Life Like The World's Longest Living Couple

If you're curious about staying young, here's how the study went down. Researchers observed 46 males averaging 73 years of age. The men were broken out into three categories: 15 "elderly sedentary,"15 "young sedentary," and 16"elderly lifelong exercise." Each participant was asked to complete a heavy resistance exercise, including a knee extension while sitting in a mechanical chair. During the task, researchers took blood samples and muscle biopsies to observe their muscle function. They also measured the force each participant used during the test. The study discovered the "elderly lifelong exercisers" group outperformed the young sedentary and elderly participants.6254a4d1642c605c54bf1cab17d50f1e

Casper Soendenbroe, lead author of the study at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark explains, "This is the first study in humans to find that lifelong exercise at a recreational level could delay some detrimental effects of [aging]. Using muscle tissue biopsies, we've found positive effects of exercise on the general [aging] population." Soendenbroe notes past research has mostly been based on professional athletes, which is such a small percentage of individuals. This research better represents a larger population of 60 year olds and up, which is when most people may partake in activities at a more "moderate level."

"That's why we wanted to explore the relation between satellite cell content and muscle health in recreationally active individuals. We can now use this as a biomarker to further investigate the link between exercise, [aging] and muscle health," Soendenbroe says, adding, "The single most important message from this study, is that even a little exercise seems to go a long way, when it comes to protecting against the age-related decline in muscle function. This is an encouraging finding which can hopefully spur more people to engage in an activity that they enjoy. We still have much to learn about the mechanisms and interactions between nerves and muscles and how these change as we age. Our research takes us one step closer."

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Alexa Mellardo

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This One Group Of People Holds The Key To Staying Young, Study Says Eat This Not That - Eat This, Not That

Global primary cells market is valued approximately at USD 0.97 billion in 2020 and is anticipated to grow with a healthy growth rate of about 12.45% over the forecast period 2021-2027.Primary cells are increasingly gaining popularity to carry out research and development activities as these cells stimulate biological living model closely and are the closest experimental tools which are available without the use of in vivo animal studies.

Experiments which are performed using primary cells have potential to deliver more meaningful and relevant data as such cells are closest to real thing in terms of both, genotype and phenotype. Rise in prevalence of chronic diseases, rising research and development activities, and increasing investments in cell-based research are some of the factors that are expected to significantly contribute towards the growth of global primary cells market during the forecast period.

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A release on June 8th, 2021, by the Bureau and Economic Analysis and U.S. The Census Bureau reports the recovery of the U.S. market. The report also described the recovery of U.S. International Trade in July 2021.In April 2021, exports in the country reached $300 billion, an increase of $13.4 billion. In April 2021, imports amounted to $294.5 billion, increasing by $17.4 billion.COVID19 is still a significant issue for economies around the globe, as evidenced by the year-over-year decline in exports in the U.S. between April 2020 and April 2021 and the increase in imports over that same period of time.The market is clearly trying to recover. Despite this, it means there will be a direct impact on the Healthcare/ICT/Chemical industries, resulting in a large market for Primary CellsMarket.

Primary cells are used in drug screening as well as for the development of different biological compounds such as vaccines, therapeutic proteins, etc. Thus, helps in the prevention of chronic diseases. According to International Diabetes Federations report in 2019 diabetes patients across the globe were 463 million whose age was in the range from 20 to 79 years, which is expected to increase 700 million in 2045. This is expected to promote the market growth by increasing the demand and adoption of primary cells. In addition, increasing usage of primary cells in 3D cell culture and increasing investments in drug development and discovery provides lucrative growth opportunities to the market. However, risk of primary cell culture contamination is expected to hamper the growth of global primary cells market during the forecast years.

The regional analysis of the globalprimary cells marketis considered for the key regions such as Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Rest of the World. North America accounts for the largest share in terms of market revenue in the global primary cells market over the forecast period 2021-2027. Factors such as increasing number of market players launching new primary cells (human) for research, growing focus on research and development, expansion of the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, increasing prevalence of cancer, etc. contributes towards the largest market revenue share of North America. However, Asia Pacific is expected to register the fastest growth rate during the forecast period owing to factors such as increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, government funding for drug development programs, etc.

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Major market player included in this report are:

PromoCell GmbH,

HemaCare Corporation,

Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.

Merck KGAA

Lonza

Corning Incorporated

American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)

Cell Biologics, Inc.

Zenbio, Inc.

Stem Cell Technologies, Inc

The objective of the study is to define market sizes of different segments & countries in recent years and to forecast the values to the coming eight years. The report is designed to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the industry within each of the regions and countries involved in the study. Furthermore, the report also caters the detailed information about the crucial aspects such as driving factors & challenges which will define the future growth of the market. Additionally, the report shall also incorporate available opportunities in micro markets for stakeholders to invest along with the detailed analysis of competitive landscape and product offerings of key players. The detailed segments and sub-segment of the market are explained below:

By Origin:

Human primary cells

Animal primary cells

By Type:

Hematopoietic Cells

Dermatocytes

Gastrointestinal Cells

Hepatocytes

Lung Cells

Renal Cells

Heart Cells

Musculoskeletal Cells

Other Primary Cells

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By End User:

Life Science Research Companies

Research Institutes

By Region:

North America

U.S.

Canada

Europe

UK

Germany

France

Spain

Italy

ROE

Asia Pacific

China

India

Japan

Australia

South Korea

RoAPAC

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Rest of the World

Furthermore, years considered for the study are as follows:

Historical year 2018, 2019

Base year 2020

Forecast period 2021 to 2027.

Target Audience of the Global Primary cells Market in Market Study:

Key Consulting Companies & Advisors

Large, medium-sized, and small enterprises

Venture capitalists

Value-Added Resellers (VARs)

Third-party knowledge providers

Investment bankers

Investors

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Key questions resolved through this analytical market research report include:

What are the latest trends, new patterns, and technological advancements in thePrimary CellsMarket?

Which factors are influencingPrimary CellsMarketover the forecast period?

What are the global challenges, threats, and risks inPrimary CellsMarket?

Which factors are propelling and restrainingPrimary CellsMarket?

What are the demanding global regions of thePrimary CellsMarket?

What will be the global market size in the upcoming years?

What are the crucial market acquisition strategies and policies applied by global companies?

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Primary Cells Market 2022 is set to experience a significant growth rate | PromoCell GmbH, HemaCare Corporation, Thermo Fisher Scientific ...

3D Cell culture refers to growth of cells in an artificially created, controlled environment, which is used to study the metabolism pathways in molecular and cellular biology. Various types of cell cultures include two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D). 2D cell culture has multiple disadvantages such as they can neither provide adequate extracellular components nor appropriate in vivo environment. Moreover, there is lack of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, which are essential to study the functions, proliferation, and differentiation of a cell. 3D cell culture is an artificially created environment that facilitates interactions of cells with their surroundings in all three dimensions.

3D cell culture is a rapidly evolving technique in the field of research and technology. They are used to precisely observe and analyze the aspects of a cell such as morphology, differentiation, migration, and proliferation. These interactions assist to study the etiology of a disease, which boosts the growth of the market. In addition, 3D cultures can be used to reconstruct the physiology and anatomy of tissues. Moreover, they can be used to reconstruct in vivo-like conditions in a laboratory to conduct research on drug development and diseased models.

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Market Statistics:

The file offers market sizing and forecast throughout 5 primary currencies USD, EUR GBP, JPY, and AUD. It helps corporation leaders make higher choices when foreign money change records are available with ease. In this report, the years 2020 and 2021 are regarded as historic years, 2020 as the base year, 2021 as the estimated year, and years from 2022 to 2030 are viewed as the forecast period.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services report that US healthcare expenditures grew by 4.6% to US$ 3.8 trillion in 2019, or US$ 11,582 per person, and accounted for 17.7% of GDP. Also, the federal government accounted for 29.0% of the total health expenditures, followed by households (28.4%). State and local governments accounted for 16.1% of total health care expenditures, while other private revenues accounted for 7.5%.

This study aims to define market sizes and forecast the values for different segments and countries in the coming eight years. The study aims to include qualitative and quantitative perspectives about the industry within the regions and countries covered in the report. The report also outlines the significant factors, such as driving factors and challenges, that will determine the markets future growth.

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The global 3D cell culture market is estimated to reach $4,691 million by 2022 from $765 million in 2015, registering a CAGR of 29.4% from 2016 to 2022.The market growth is driven by rapidly expanding customer base, proactive government initiatives for the development of 3D cell cultures, and extensive R&D activities. The 3D cell culture technique has revolutionized various sectors such as tissue engineering and drug discovery for cancer, which further boosts the growth of the market. Moreover, collaborations between academic institutions, hospitals, and companies; rise in investments by major players; and high demand for organ transplantation have supplemented the market growth. However, high investments requirements and dearth of experienced & skilled professionals are the key factors that restrain the market growth.

The report segments the 3D cell culture market based on product type, application, end user, and geography. On the basis of product type, the market is categorized into scaffolds, scaffold-free platforms, gels, bioreactors, and microchips. Scaffold-based platforms are further classified into macro-porous, micro-porous, nano-porous, and solid scaffolds. Applications covered in the study include cancer research, stem cell research, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. By end user, the market comprises biotechnology & pharmaceutical companies, contract research laboratories, and academic institutes. Geographically, it is analyzed across North America (U.S., Canada, and Mexico), Europe (Germany, France, UK, and rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (Japan, China, India, Australia, and rest of Asia-Pacific), and LAMEA (Brazil, Saudi Arabia, Republic of South Africa, and rest of LAMEA).

KEY BENEFITS

This report entails a detailed quantitative analysis of the current market trends for the period of 2014-2022 to identify the prevailing opportunities in the market.The market estimations provided in the report are based on comprehensive analysis of the key developments in the industry.The global market is comprehensively analyzed with respect to product type, application, end user, and geography to assist in strategic business planning.Recent developments and strategies adopted by key manufacturers are enlisted to understand the competitive scenario of the market.The key market players in the 3D cell culture market are profiled in this report along their growth strategies to understand the competitive outlook of the global market.

KEY MARKET SEGMENTS

By Product Type

Scaffold-Based PlatformsMacro-Porous ScaffoldsMicro-Porous ScaffoldsNano-Porous ScaffoldsSolid ScaffoldsScaffold-Free PlatformsGelsBioreactorsMicrochipsServices

By Application

Cancer ResearchStem Cell ResearchDrug DiscoveryRegenerative Medicine

By End User

Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical CompaniesContract Research LaboratoriesAcademic Institutes

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By Geography

North AmericaU.S.CanadaMexicoEuropeGermanyFranceUKRest of EuropeAsia-PacificJapanChinaIndiaAustraliaRest of Asia-PacificLAMEABrazilSaudi ArabiaRepublic of South AfricaRest of LAMEA

The key players profiled in this report include

3D Biotek, LLCAdvanced Biomatrix, Inc.Becton, Dickinson and CompanyCorning IncorporatedKuraray Co., Ltd.Lonza Group Ltd.Merck & Co., Inc.Synthecon, IncorporatedThermo Fisher Scientific Inc.VWR Corporation

Other players of the 3D cell culture market include (companies not profiled in the report):

Global Cell Solutions, Inc.InSphero AGNanofiber SolutionsTecan Trading AG

Table of Content:

Key Questions Answered in the Market Report

How did the COVID-19 pandemic impact the adoption of by various pharmaceutical and life sciences companies? What is the outlook for the impact market during the forecast period 2021-2030? What are the key trends influencing the impact market? How will they influence the market in short-, mid-, and long-term duration? What is the end user perception toward? How is the patent landscape for pharmaceutical quality? Which country/cluster witnessed the highest patent filing from January 2014-June 2021? What are the key factors impacting the impact market? What will be their impact in short-, mid-, and long-term duration? What are the key opportunities areas in the impact market? What is their potential in short-, mid-, and long-term duration? What are the key strategies adopted by companies in the impact market? What are the key application areas of the impact market? Which application is expected to hold the highest growth potential during the forecast period 2021-2030? What is the preferred deployment model for the impact? What is the growth potential of various deployment models present in the market? Who are the key end users of pharmaceutical quality? What is their respective share in the impact market? Which regional market is expected to hold the highest growth potential in the impact market during the forecast period 2021-2030? Which are the key players in the impact market?

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3D Cell Culture Market to 2030 | Industry Statistics, Emerging Demands, Forecast to 2030 | 3D Biotek, LLC Advanced Biomatrix, Inc. Becton, Dickinson...

1. Lining Mucosa

Slide 114R (lip, human, H&E) View Virtual Slide Slide 114 triC (lip, human, trichrome) View Virtual SlideSlide 114M (lip, monkey, H&E) View Virtual Slide

A stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium lines the oral surface of the lips, cheeks, floor of mouth, and covers the ventral surface of the tongue In slide 114 (human) and 114M (monkey) of the lip, note that skin (stratified, keratinized squamous epithelium with hair follicles) covers the external surface View Image, skeletal muscle (orbicularis oris muscle) forms the core View Image, and a mucosal epithelium(stratified, non-keratinizing squamous epithelium) covers the internal surface View Image. A lamina propria underlies the mucosa and small salivary glands (labial salivary glands) View Image are present in the submucosa. Note the transition zone between the keratinized epithelium of the skin and the nonkeratinized epithelium of the mucosa. This transition zone is called the vermillion zone(present only in humans) View Image. In the transition zone, long connective tissue papillae extend deep into the epithelium. Capillaries are carried close to the surface in these papillae. Because the epithelium is very thin in this region, the lips appear red (this arrangement may or may not be apparent in your glass slides). Salivary glands are lacking in the vermillion zone, therefore, the lips must be continuously moistened (by the tongue) to prevent drying out.

Slide 115 (fetal palate, H&E) View Virtual SlideSlide 115 (fetal palate, trichrome) View Virtual Slide

A stratified squamous keratinized epithelium is found on surfaces subject to the abrasion that occurs with mastication, e.g., the roof of the mouth (palate) and gums (gingiva). Slide 115, which you used to study bone and the respiratory system, is a longitudinal section through the palate and includes the lip, gingiva, hard palate, and a portion of the soft palate [orientation]. This tissue is from a term fetus (with unerrupted teeth) and the epithelium over the hard palate is not yet fully differentiated (i.e. not fully keratinized). The slide is, however, a good overall orientation to the histology of the hard and soft palate. In the adult the epithelium of the hard palate is keratinized. Identify respiratory epithelium, bone (hard palate), forming tooth View Image, and skeletal muscle in the lipView Image and the soft palate View Image. Some slides show mucous salivary glands View Image in the submucosa.

Slide 116 40x (tongue, H&E) View Virtual SlideSlide 117 20x (tongue, H&E) View Virtual SlideSlide 117 40x (tongue, H&E) View Virtual SlideSlide 117N 40x (tongue, rabbit, H&E) View Virtual Slide

The dorsal surface and lateral borders of the tongue are covered by a mucous membrane that contains nerve endings for general sensory reception and taste perception. In slide 116, the dorsal surface of the tongue is covered with tiny projections called papillae View Image, which are lacking on the ventral surface. The body of the tongue is composed of interlacing bundles of skeletal muscle View Image that cross one another at right angles. The dense lamina propria of the mucosa is continuous with the connective tissue of the muscle, tightly binding the mucous membrane to the muscle. Some glass slides in our collection show mucous glands in the submucosa, which are found only on the ventral side of the tongue. These glands are not present in the digital slides, but their ducts may be seen View Image.

In slide 116 there are two types of papillae on the tongue. Locate the numerous filiform papillae View Image, that appear as conical structures with a core of lamina propria covered by a keratinized epithelium. Fungiform papillae View Image are scattered among the filiform papillae. They have expanded smooth round tops and narrower bases. In young children, the fungiform papillae can be seen with the naked eye as red spots on the dorsum of the tongue (because the non-keratinized epithelium is relatively translucent). These papillae are less readily observed in adults, because of slight keratinization of the epithelium.

Slide 117 and especially slide 117N contain examples of circumvallate papillaeView Image. These are large circular papillae surrounded by a deep trench. The covering epithelium is non-keratinized. Taste budsView Image, the chemoreceptors for the sense of taste, are located on the lateral borders. Each taste bud contains about 50 spindle shaped cells that are classically described based on their appearance as light (receptor) cells, dark (supporting) cells, and basal (stem) cells, although these distinctions are difficult to see in your slides so we do not require you to identify the cell types. Non-myelinated nerves from cranial nerves VII, IX, or X (depending on the location of the taste bud) synapse with the receptor and, to some extent, supporting cells of the taste bud. Some slides show serous glands (of von Ebner) View Image in the lamina propria and interspersed between the bundles of muscle beneath the papillae. These glands drain into the base of the trench around the circumvallate papillae.

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Oral Cavity | histology - University of Michigan

MIT biology professor Yukiko Yamashita has spent much of her career exploring how asymmetrical cell divisions occur. This type of cell division allows cells to differentiate into different types of tissue, and also helps germline cells such as eggs and sperm to maintain their viability from generation to generation. Credit: M. Scott Brauer

The MIT biologist Yukiko Yamashitas research has shed light on the immortality of germline cells and the function of junk DNA.

When cells divide, they usually generate two identical daughter cells. However, there are some important exceptions to this rule: When stem cells divide, they often produce one differentiated cell along with another stem cell, to maintain the pool of stem cells.

Yukiko Yamashita has spent much of her career exploring how these asymmetrical cell divisions occur. These processes are critically important not only for cells to develop into different types of tissue, but also for germline cells such as eggs and sperm to maintain their viability from generation to generation.

We came from our parents germ cells, who used to be also single cells who came from the germ cells of their parents, who used to be single cells that came from their parents, and so on. That means our existence can be tracked through the history of multicellular life, Yamashita says. How germ cells manage to not go extinct, while our somatic cells cannot last that long, is a fascinating question.

Yamashita, who began her faculty career at the University of Michigan, joined MIT and the Whitehead Institute in 2020, as the inaugural holder of the Susan Lindquist Chair for Women in Science and a professor in the Department of Biology. She was drawn to MIT, she says, by the eagerness to explore new ideas that she found among other scientists.

When I visited MIT, I really enjoyed talking to people here, she says. They are very curious, and they are very open to unconventional ideas. I realized I would have a lot of fun if I came here.

By studying fruit flies, Yukiko Yamashita has discovered the function of DNA segments that were previously thought to be junk. Credit: MIT

Before she even knew what a scientist was, Yamashita knew that she wanted to be one.

My father was an admirer of Albert Einstein, so because of that, I grew up thinking that the pursuit of the truth is the best thing you could do with your life, she recalls. At the age of 2 or 3, I didnt know there was such a thing as a professor, or such a thing as a scientist, but I thought doing science was probably the coolest thing I could do.

Yamashita majored in biology at Kyoto University and then stayed to pursue her PhD, studying how cells make exact copies of themselves when they divide. As a postdoc at Stanford University, she became interested in the exceptions to that carefully orchestrated process, and began to study how cells undergo divisions that produce daughter cells that are not identical. This kind of asymmetric division is critical for multicellular organisms, which begin life as a single cell that eventually differentiates into many types of tissue.

Those studies led to a discovery that helped to overturn previous theories about the role of so-called junk DNA. These sequences, which make up most of the genome, were thought to be essentially useless because they dont code for any proteins. To Yamashita, it seemed paradoxical that cells would carry so much DNA that wasnt serving any purpose.

I couldnt really believe that huge amount of our DNA is junk, because every time a cell divides, it still has the burden of replicating that junk, she says. So, my lab started studying the function of that junk, and then we realized it is a really important part of the chromosome.

When I visited MIT, I really enjoyed talking to people here, Yamashita says. They are very curious, and they are very open to unconventional ideas. I realized I would have a lot of fun if I came here. Credit: M. Scott Brauer

In human cells, the genome is stored on 23 pairs of chromosomes. Keeping all of those chromosomes together is critical to cells ability to copy genes when they are needed. Over several years, Yamashita and her colleagues at the University of Michigan, and then at MIT, discovered that stretches of junk DNA act like bar codes, labeling each chromosome and helping them bind to proteins that bundle chromosomes together within the cell nucleus.

Without those barcodes, chromosomes scatter and start to leak out of the cells nucleus. Another intriguing observation regarding these stretches of junk DNA was that they have much greater variability between different species than protein-coding regions of DNA. By crossing two different species of fruit flies, Yamashita showed that in cells of the hybrid offspring flies, chromosomes leak out just as they would if they lost their barcodes, suggesting that the codes are specific to each species.

We think that might be one of the big reasons why different species become incompatible, because they dont have the right information to bundle all of their chromosomes together into one place, Yamashita says.

Yamashitas interest in stem cells also led her to study how germline cells (the cells that give rise to eggs and sperm cells) maintain their viability so much longer than regular body cells across generations. In typical animal cells, one factor that contributes to age-related decline is loss of genetic sequences that encode genes that cells use continuously, such as genes for ribosomal RNAs.

A typical human cell may have hundreds of copies of these critical genes, but as cells age, they lose some of them. For germline cells, this can be detrimental because if the numbers get too low, the cells can no longer form viable daughter cells.

Yamashita and her colleagues found that germline cells overcome this by tearing sections of DNA out of one daughter cell during cell division and transferring them to the other daughter cell. That way, one daughter cell has the full complement of those genes restored, while the other cell is sacrificed.

That wasteful strategy would likely be too extravagant to work for all cells in the body, but for the small population of germline cells, the tradeoff is worthwhile, Yamashita says.

If skin cells did that kind of thing, where every time you make one cell, you are essentially trashing the other one, you couldnt afford it. You would be wasting too many resources, she says. Germ cells are not critical for viability of an organism. You have the luxury to put many resources into them but then let only half of the cells recover.

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Unraveling Stem Cells' Secrets: Immortality of Germline Cells and the Function of Junk DNA - SciTechDaily