Category Archives: New York Stem Cells

The Sound of Science - 'Nina Tandon' (March 20, 2020)

Alexis: Welcome to the Sound of Science on WNIJ. Im Alexis from NIUSTEM Outreach.

Idalia: And Im Idalia. Todaywe will be discussing American biomedical engineer, Nina Tandon.

Alexis:Dr. Tandongrew upin New York City with two siblings with visual impairments. Its no wonder why she chose toinvestigatethe electrical currents that underline the nervous system.

Idalia:As a kid, she often took apart electronics to try to understand them from the inside out.

Alexis:Tandon went on to study Biomedical Engineering and earned her PhD from Columbia. She focused her research on studying electrical signals in engineered tissues, such as cardiac, skin, bone, and neural tissues.

Idalia:Her studies in both bioengineering and business came together as she and a colleague created EpiBone, the worlds first company to grow living human bones for skeletal reconstruction. EpiBoneuses stem cells from patients in need of new bones to produce skeletal structures based on each individual DNA profile.This decreases rejection, simplifies surgeries, and shortens recovery time.

Alexis:SinceDr. Tandon madesuch a giant leap for bioengineering innovation, its clear why she received awards such as "One of the 100 Most Creative People in Business" byFast Companyand "Global Thinker" byForeignPolicy.

Idalia:She is an inspirational woman who completed what was once thought to be impossible.Yet, sheis far from being done.Her companys bioengineered tissues are being used for testing pharmaceuticals without using rats or humans. She says Our process is essentially transforming biotechnology and pharmacology into information technology, helping us discover and evaluate drugs faster, more cheaply and more effectively.

Alexis: Tune in next week where wego into detail aboutmore women in STEM.This has been the Sound of Science on WNIJ.

Idalia: Where you learn something new every day.

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The Sound of Science - 'Nina Tandon' | WNIJ and WNIU - WNIJ and WNIU

As much of the nation adjusts this week to sudden and indefinite home confinement, prison and jail wardens across the U.S. are scrambling to forestall an outbreak of COVID-19 inside a crowded U.S. correctional facility.

With the highest incarceration rate of any nation in the world, the U.S. faces unique challenges among its roughly 2.3 million inmates as the coronavirus surges silently through all 50 states.

As projected staff shortages and fears of thinning medical resources cascade through the nations patchwork of federal, state, county and private prisons and jails -- where even rudimentary protective measures like alcohol-based hand sanitizers are considered contraband in many facilities -- officials told ABC News they are preparing for the worst.

I think the threat level is at 10 now, said Scott Kernan, a former secretary of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. The [nations] corrections leaders are struggling to figure out what the national response will be.

Burdened by often crowded and at times unsanitary conditions, a generation of aging inmates, and a large portion of its population suffering underlying chronic health issues, the tinderbox conditions inside at least some of the nations more than 6,000 incarceration facilities have corrections officials and organizations stockpiling supplies and hustling out medical guidance through webinars.

People refer to cruise ships as petri dishes, but nobody has invented a more effective vector for transmitting disease than a city jail, said Martin Horn, a former New York City corrections commissioner.

Earlier this week, Los Angeles officials began releasing hundreds of inmates incarcerated for low-level offenses in order to guard against infection, and on Wednesday, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio said his city was considering similar measures. Calls are growing nationwide for the release of lower-level inmates to stem the spread of the virus.

On Tuesday, Brooklyn District Attorney Eric Gonzalez said his office would immediately cease prosecuting low-level offenses and consider freeing jailed suspects vulnerable to infection, part of a harm-reduction strategy among U.S. law enforcement -- unthinkable just months ago -- thats also beginning to take hold across the U.S.

Only a handful of corrections officers nationwide have so far tested positive one died earlier this week but if that number climbs, experts say the calls for wider inmate releases could, too. (On Thursday morning, the New York City Department of Corrections reported its first case of inmate Covid-19, and said that the inmate has been isolated from the general population, and authorities are identifying anyone with whom the inmate came into contact.)

Theres also a fear of staff shortages if the COVID-19 crisis deepens.

Some staff are thinking, "Gimme a break. Time to call in sick. Time to think of my family first,' said Robert Hood, a former warden of Colorados Supermax federal penitentiary.

The nations incarcerated population includes about 1.3 million in state prisons, another quarter million in federal prisons, and about three-quarters of a million in local jails, according to the non-profit Prison Policy Initiative.

Corrections experts who spoke to ABC News said the success or failure of a response to a COVID-19 outbreak could depend to some extent on the size and location of the facility.

These are the forgotten people, said Hood. Theres a lot of good people in prison. Theres not probably a lot of sympathy out there for them now, but I have to be candid with you -- theres a crisis going on.

Inside prisons and jails from Washington state to southern Florida, wardens and sheriffs are facing the challenge of not just containing an unprecedented health crisis, but the potential ripple effects of riots and violence if inmates learn the highly contagious virus is sweeping through their facility.

Those natural fears would be exacerbated by growing inmate isolation as family visits dry up and virtually all rehabilitation programs cease -- and millions of Americans face the encroaching uncertainty of life with the coronavirus alone, from inside a cell.

Earlier this week, the federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) issued an order suspending inmate visits and transfers for 30 days, and issued fresh guidance for protecting against an outbreak. Yet on Thursday, corrections sources at a federal facility in the southern U.S. told ABC News that inmate transfers were still being accepted at their facility.

At Manhattans federal Metropolitan Correctional Center in New York, local corrections union president Tyrone Covington told ABC News on Thursday that the staff there was already running short of hand sanitizer, gloves and N-95 masks.

Tim Lloyd, a former associate warden and 20-year veteran of the federal Bureau of Prisons told ABC News that while the bureau has plans in place, it would be a disaster if an inmate or staff member were to contract the coronavirus.

If inmates feel that they arent getting proper treatment, there is definitely the possibility of a riot, he said.

That could get ugly pretty quick, he explained.

Hood told ABC News that the coronavirus threat has turned the whole U.S. corrections system upside down.

All of the sudden the guys that are the best inmates, the 50 to 60% who are in for drug-related, non-violent offenses, the guys in the dormitories -- not the lockdown guys -- all of the sudden theyre at the most risk. What would I do if I was an inmate in a dormitory? Id go smack someone in the head -- and I mean that. Id want to go on lockdown, because then Id be a little better off.

But then Id realize Im still on the same ventilation system. Im still breathing the same air. Think about it this way: if a [corrections] officer didnt care about you on a good day, are they going to be overly-concerned about germs on my [cell] table on a bad day?

Hood said that even fear factors inside the nations prisons have been turned inside out.

Instead of worrying, Whos carrying the shanks? he said, its Whos coughing?

Kernan now runs a tech firm called LEO Technologies, which uses artificial intelligence to mass-monitor millions of inmate phone calls annually from jails and prisons in five states.

A tenth of all inmate phone calls the firm monitors touch on the spreading virus.

Its on the forefront of their minds, said James Sexton, an executive at Kernans firm. Were seeing 10% of calls in some form or fashion talking about the coronavirus, whether its the [call] recipient or inmate."

Prisoners are literally trapped inside cells as the virus spreads all around them, experts contend.

Jail is already an isolating place -- youre already ostracized from society, said Sexton, a former California law enforcement official who also served time in prison.

In a situation like this, where things are already beyond your control -- and they become beyond the institutions control? Its an immense amount of anxiety when youre locked down like that and you know that you dont have control over your own destiny, he said.

As one inmate incarcerated less than 20 miles from the Washington state nursing home considered ground zero for the virus in the U.S. wrote in a story published jointly on Wednesday by the non-profit Marshall Project and BuzzFeed News: "When I walk through the unit now, I cannot help but linger on the faces of the elderly prisoners, some of them who have been like father figures to us younger men, and think about how they are unlikely to survive this."

Kernan said hes worried about the ability of most prisons or jails to treat or contain an outbreak within their facility.

The point should be made that prison and jails across the country use the local hospital to take care of the inmate population, he said. Every day, thousands of inmates are taken to hospitals for care. If those are not available, it could be a really big deal.

Were going to see a dramatic drop in [medical] services to inmates in a second or third [wave] thats going to play out in May or June, Kernan predicted. "Theres going to be a drawdown on the people that can be found to treat our inmate populations.

Yet other corrections industry leaders and organizations told ABC News that they are prepared for anything.

Theres no question that the jails and the prisons are going to face challenges, but they are as prepared -- or perhaps more prepared -- than society at large because theyve always planned for contagious disease outbreaks, said Horn.

I think theres a distinction between a large sophisticated system like the state of New York or the state of Pennsylvanias corrections system and a small jail in Podunk, Mississippi, but measles, chickenpox -- these things happen all the time and most large correctional agencies have plans to deal with them, Horn said.

Having said that, he added, I dont think anybody was prepared for something like this, and were still not even sure what this even is.

Other industry leaders were optimistic in interviews this week.

"Correctional professionals are first responders," said Elizabeth Gondels of the American Correctional Association, the oldest and largest corrections industry accrediting body in the world. And in my heart of hearts? Our prison systems are on this. They talk. They've got great networks. Our jails are doing a lot of outreach.

Gondels said that she isnt worried about shortages of medical supplies.

We've always done a lot with less, she said. "Theyre a phenomenal group of people, of first responders, and were going to get the job done. I dont even know of an inmate thats gotten it yet."

The Rikers Island jail complex stands in New York with the Manhattan skyline in the background, June 20, 2014.

Some leaders in U.S. corrections health care told ABC News that fears of outbreaks may be overblown.

In terms of like this sort of seething, ready-to-blow prison environment that people maybe think about? I just dont think its the reality, said Dr. Brent Gibson, chief medical officer for the National Commission on Correctional Health Care (NCCHC), an organization that creates health care corrections standards and offers voluntary accreditation. About 500 facilities nationwide are accredited by NCCHC, Gibson said.

I hear stuff like, Theres no soap and water, Its just a festering cesspool. Thats just not true. If theyre doing a good job, they have excellent hygiene, sinks and soaps.

Its in their DNA, its part of their contingency [plan] to plan for emergencies, Gibson said. It is day-to-day operations to be prepared for weather emergency, a fire -- so in a sense the tempo of operations, whatever happens, I think theyll be able to handle.

For sure there are shortages of things like masks, and people come to us wondering, Where can we get a supply of respirators? and those kind of potential supply chain disruption [questions], he said. But I cant -- literally three days in a row -- cant find any toilet paper [anywhere] in Chicago. So I dont think supply chain disruptions are unique to the corrections industry.

Gibson also pointed out that inmate populations have dropped significantly in the past decade or more. Between 2007 and 2016, the total inmate population of both jails and prisons in the U.S. dropped by 18%, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics.

"Every place is different, and Im not saying theres not overcrowded facilities, but we have firsthand experience with jails that are far less at capacity than where they were even a couple years ago," he said.

Despite the challenges, many veteran corrections leaders said they are confident that sick inmates would get the medical treatment they need.

The only group in American society which has an absolute, Constitutional right to health care is prisoners, said Horn, the former New York City corrections commissioner.

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Fearing outbreaks and riots, nations prison and jail wardens scramble to respond to coronavirus threat - ABC News

Shares of Magenta Therapeutics Inc (NASDAQ:MGTA) have been given a consensus recommendation of Hold by the seven brokerages that are currently covering the firm, Marketbeat reports. One research analyst has rated the stock with a sell rating, three have assigned a hold rating and three have assigned a buy rating to the company. The average 12 month price objective among brokers that have updated their coverage on the stock in the last year is $20.00.

Several research analysts have recently weighed in on MGTA shares. ValuEngine raised Magenta Therapeutics from a sell rating to a hold rating in a research report on Tuesday, February 25th. Goldman Sachs Group reissued a neutral rating and issued a $18.00 price objective on shares of Magenta Therapeutics in a research report on Friday, December 6th. Cowen reissued a buy rating on shares of Magenta Therapeutics in a research report on Monday, January 13th. Zacks Investment Research raised Magenta Therapeutics from a sell rating to a hold rating in a research report on Tuesday, February 11th. Finally, BTIG Research started coverage on Magenta Therapeutics in a research report on Friday, December 6th. They issued a buy rating and a $20.00 price objective for the company.

Shares of NASDAQ:MGTA opened at $6.70 on Friday. The firm has a market cap of $273.72 million, a P/E ratio of -3.27 and a beta of 2.77. Magenta Therapeutics has a 12-month low of $6.18 and a 12-month high of $21.00. The business has a fifty day simple moving average of $11.43 and a 200 day simple moving average of $11.87.

In other news, insider John C. Davis, Jr. sold 11,294 shares of the firms stock in a transaction dated Thursday, January 2nd. The stock was sold at an average price of $15.04, for a total value of $169,861.76. Following the completion of the sale, the insider now directly owns 19,598 shares in the company, valued at approximately $294,753.92. The sale was disclosed in a document filed with the SEC, which is accessible through this link. Also, insider Jason Gardner sold 2,897 shares of the firms stock in a transaction dated Monday, December 23rd. The shares were sold at an average price of $15.10, for a total value of $43,744.70. Following the completion of the sale, the insider now owns 265,212 shares of the companys stock, valued at $4,004,701.20. The disclosure for this sale can be found here. Over the last three months, insiders sold 25,391 shares of company stock valued at $384,406. Corporate insiders own 10.90% of the companys stock.

Several institutional investors and hedge funds have recently modified their holdings of the company. Bank of Montreal Can grew its stake in shares of Magenta Therapeutics by 57.3% in the 4th quarter. Bank of Montreal Can now owns 2,652 shares of the companys stock valued at $40,000 after buying an additional 966 shares during the period. Bank of New York Mellon Corp grew its stake in shares of Magenta Therapeutics by 5.0% in the 4th quarter. Bank of New York Mellon Corp now owns 62,868 shares of the companys stock valued at $953,000 after buying an additional 2,985 shares during the period. Citigroup Inc. grew its stake in shares of Magenta Therapeutics by 248.7% in the 4th quarter. Citigroup Inc. now owns 6,876 shares of the companys stock valued at $104,000 after buying an additional 4,904 shares during the period. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co NY acquired a new stake in shares of Magenta Therapeutics in the 3rd quarter valued at about $76,000. Finally, Ikarian Capital LLC acquired a new stake in shares of Magenta Therapeutics in the 4th quarter valued at about $131,000. Institutional investors own 65.41% of the companys stock.

About Magenta Therapeutics

Magenta Therapeutics, Inc, a clinical-stage biotechnology company, develops novel medicines to extend the curative power of stem cell transplant, gene therapy, genome editing, and cell therapy to patients. It is developing C100, C200, and C300 targeted antibody-drug conjugates for transplant conditioning; MGTA-145, a novel stem cell mobilization product candidate to control stem cell mobilization; MGTA-456, an allogeneic stem cell therapy to control stem cell growth; E478, a small molecule aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist for the expansion of gene-modified stem cells; and G100, an antibody-drug conjugate program to prevent acute graft and host diseases.

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Magenta Therapeutics Inc (NASDAQ:MGTA) Given Average Recommendation of Hold by Analysts - Redmond Register

When the World Health Organization (WHO)labeled the new COVID-19a "pandemic", that is, a disease that is occurringall over the world at the same time, there were moments reminiscentof times of war: thedeserted streets, supermarkets overwhelmed by hundreds of people scrambling for goods, and the constant media monitoring of the infection's progress the number of sick and dead increasing daily.Although our health system is not what it was in 1918, when the Spanish Fluwreaked havoc, nor will the coronavirus be as lethal as smallpox the most deadly pandemic some people will still make historical comparisons.To keep you up to date with what's happening now and what's happened in the past, here's tour of the five most devastating pandemics that we've emerged from.

HIV/AIDS

It has killed more than 25 million people worldwide, and although preventive treatments such as PrEP have been developed toreduce infections by 90%, a global cure has yet to be found.HIV originated in Africa, where apes have an HIV-like virus known as SIV.

Scientists still speculate on whether interspecies contagion occurred from hunting or eating infected chimp meat.AIDS wasn't detected as a disease until the 1980s, when it was observed in the United States, especially among homosexual patients in New York and California. It was later determined an evolution of the HIV infection, which transmitted through any passage of bodily fluid (intravenous drug usage and sexual intercourse were the most common). Doctors named it acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)because the virus attacks the white blood cells that help fight infection.Today, there are two patients worldwide who have been cured of HIV thanks to a stem cell transplant whose donor carried a mutation known as CCR5-delta 32.

The Black Death or Bubonic Plague

It ravaged the European continent from the mid-14th century until its last outbreak three hundred years later and is responsible for more than 75 million deaths.

Although at that time the devastating epidemic was attributed to Divine Cholera and even to the passage of a comet, the origin was a bacterium that appeared in Asia and spread through parasites such as rat fleas. Its spread originated at trade ports, and was helped by the poor hygiene conditions and diet of the time period.

Death occurred in less than a week after the disease manifested, with the appearance of buboes - or swelling of nodes in the lymphatic system - accompanied by high fevers, delirium, chills and stinking suppurations. The sick were confined to their homes along with their families as means of containment. In some cases, it wiped out whole villages in Europe, which were sometimes discovered hundreds of years later.

Spanish Flu

The disease gotits name during WWI fromSpanish newspapers, which remained neutral in the conflict, and were the only ones to report on its lethality without censorship.

It is believed that Spanish Flu was responsible for between 50 and 100 million deaths and some the first cases reported were among the United States military, who could have broughtit to Europe when they landed to fight the Germans. Regardless, there are many theories around its origin.

As deadly as it is heartbreaking, there were cases in the United States of people rising with fever and dying on their way to work.

In a previous article, we commented on why its fatality rate, which is often used incomparisontoCovid-19, is wrong, as it is well over the 2% reported by WHO.

Smallpox

Holding the position of the most devastating global pandemic,Smallpoxhas contributed to the decline of entire civilizations such as the Aztec and Inca Empires when theSpanish brought the disease in their "conquest" of the New World in 1519. It is estimated that 90% of indigenous deaths during European colonization were not due to "fire," but rather, disease.

In Europe, smallpox killed 60 million people in the 18th century alone, and a hundred years later there were 300 million deaths worldwide.

Its Latin name means "spotted", because of the bumps and bruises that appeared on the faces of those afflicted. It was highly contagious and those who survived would carry marks on their skin for the rest of their lives, and some even wentblind.

One of modern medicine's greatest achievements was the creation of a vaccine for smallpox in 1979. As a result, Smallpox is considered eradicated.

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Four pandemics that changed the world - AL DIA News

The second person ever to be cleared of HIV has revealed his identity, saying he wants to be an ambassador of hope to others with the condition.

Adam Castillejo, the so-called London patient, was declared free of HIV last year, 18 months after stopping antiretroviral therapy following a stem cell or bone marrow transplant to treat blood cancer.

Castillejo, 40, went public on Monday in an interview with the New York Times and revealed he had been living with HIV since 2003.

In 2012 he was diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukaemia and subsequently underwent a stem cell transplant. Crucially, the medical team picked a donor whose stem cells had two copies of a mutation that meant the white blood cells they developed into were resistant to HIV.

Timothy Brown, known as the Berlin patient and the first person to be cleared of the virus, underwent a similar treatment. However, while Brown and Castillejo had chemotherapy, only Brown had radiotherapy as part of his cancer treatment.

Last year it emerged the procedure had not only successfully treated the cancer, but that Castillejo was in remission for HIV as well. However, he chose to remain anonymous at the time.

I was watching TV and its like, OK, theyre talking about me, he told the New York Times. It was very strange, a very weird place to be.

Now Castillejo has decided to reveal his identity because he wants his case to be a cause for optimism. This is a unique position to be in, a unique and very humbling position, Castillejo said. I want to be an ambassador of hope.

Stem cell transplants are not suitable for most people with HIV because they involve a serious and invasive procedure that carries risks.

However, drug advances mean people who are HIV positive can take a pill every day to reduce their levels of the virus, preventing transmission and helping them to live a long and active life.

Prof Ravindra Gupta, the first author of the new study from Cambridge University, said Castillejos case was important: It is a second case of cure,. It means the first one wasnt an anomaly or a fluke.

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Second person ever to be cleared of HIV reveals identity - The Guardian

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Complete growth overview on Cryopreservation Equipment in Stem Cells Market in 2020-2025 including top key players Thermo Fisher Scientific, Charter...

It is the worlds biggest killer and yet we dont fully understand the leading cause behind it.

Cardiovascular diseases claimed an estimated 17.9 million lives in 2016 31 per cent of all deaths around the globe.

And 85 per cent of these were due to heart attacks and stroke, most commonly caused by a blockage of the arteries known as atherosclerosis.

Now an international team led by a Cambridge professor of cardiovascular medicine is competing for a 30million prize from the British Heart Foundation to unravel its secrets.

If they beat the other three shortlisted teams in the charitys Big Beat Challenge, they will create the worlds first 3D map of atherosclerosis at single cell resolution, giving unparalleled insight into this hardening or blocking of the arteries.

Prof Ziad Mallat, of the Department of Medicine at the University of Cambridge, tells the Cambridge Independent:We are excited about the prospect of this. We hope we have assembled the right team.

Atherosclerosis is very debilitating. If it happens in the arteries that supply the brain, it causes stroke. If it happens in the arteries supplying the heart, it causes heart attacks.

It is really common across the world. Every five minutes in the UK there is one heart attack and one stroke.

Why is this having such a huge impact on the quality of life of people? We believe something is not being treated or understood.

Clinicians currently treat the risk factors for the disease, which include high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure and diabetes.

What we dont do is really treat what causes the disease, which is the malfunctioning of the immune system, says Prof Mallat.

When you have high blood pressure or cholesterol, this injures the arteries. Initially, the immune system sends immune cells to the injured vessel to try to heal the artery.

However, what we know is that most of the time the immune system doesnt operate properly and this prevents the healing, and so the disease progresses.

We have good understanding of how this happens in pre-clinical models, like mouse models, but very limited understanding of how it happens in humans.

We think this is what is preventing doctors and scientists from finding a treatment that would transform the way patients are treated.

Through their iMap, as they are calling it, Prof Mallat and the team of global experts he has assembled want to understand what is happening in the accumulations, known as plaques, that block the arteries and affect blood flow to the heart and other parts of the body. The plaques can be made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances.

These plaques obstruct the lumen [the interior space in the artery] and even burst into the lumen, leading to clot formation, which obstructs the blood flow. This causes the heart attacks and strokes, says Prof Mallat.

Our idea is to build the first 3D map of these fatty plaques, at

. We would like to know what each immune cell and each cell in the vessel wall is doing. What is its genetic make-up? What is its protein make-up? What is the fuel that it is using? Why, when the immune cell comes along to do a good job, does it stop doing it?

We want to interrogate each cell and work out how it is interacting and communicating with other cells.

Only with this 3D map of the plaques will we be able to understand what is happening inside. Once we have done this, we will be able to harness this knowledge to find new protective methodologies and therapies.

These therapies could harness the immune system, which raises the possibility of vaccinating against atherosclerosis.

If we understand how the immune cells react, we can use the information to re-educate them with vaccination, suggests Prof Mallat. If they are overreacting to fat components or protein components, we can educate them to make them do the right job when they see this in the arteries, to reduce the inflammation and limit the development of the disease.

The scale of this challenge, however, is vast and requires a multi-disciplinary approach.

It needs a lot of different expertise around the world, says Prof Mallat. You need good cardiologists, good molecular biologists, immunologists, mathematicians and computer scientists because the information will be huge and needs to be integrated together. You need people who know a lot about genomics, lipidomics and proteomics, so we have gathered world-leading experts in each of these areas to come together and look at this problem from every angle possible.

Among those helping Prof Mallat is Sarah Teichmann, from the Wellcome Sanger Institute at Hinxton, who is the co-founder of the global consortium working on the Human Cell Atlas a hugely ambitious and important project creating comprehensive reference maps of all human cells in the human body.

They are looking at the make-up of healthy organs, notes Prof Mallat. Some of the investigators are mapping some of the arteries and are looking at vascular cells like endothelial cells. It is intriguing but nobody else is looking at other cells in the artery. We are looking at both the healthy arteries and the diseased arteries. It is building on the work of the Human Cell Atlas.

Also on the team are experts from Imperial College London, Germany, France, Spain, the La Jolla Institute of Immunology in San Diego and from Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York.

Key to their work is the need for data and samples, and the group has multiple sources available.

We have organ donors from the Cambridge bio-repository and the clinical school at Mount Sinai, so we have access to healthy and diseased arteries from the same individuals.

We have access to blood from these individuals and to immune cells from other parts of the body, so we can compare what the immune cells are doing in different compartments.

The other source is from a cohort of thousands of individuals, through a collaboration with Professor Valentin Fuster in Madrid, who have been followed for more than 10 years, and they will be followed for another 10 years.

We have blood samples and microbiota from them. We also have access to imaging of their arteries. They are followed for cardiovascular outcomes, so if someone has a heart attack or stroke, it is documented.

We will be able to look at the ageing of the immune system in these individuals and how this correlates to changes in their arteries and the occurrence of disease.

All of this is being done at very high resolution, which has not been done before. Integrating the information from the genes, the proteins, the lipids and so on, to have a broad view, has never been possible.

There are parallels with the work being carried out at Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute under Prof Greg Hannon, where the first virtual 3D tumour is being created using a multi-disciplinary team.

We are discussing with him how we can integrate some of the technologies he is developing. It will be fantastic to collaborate with him on this, says Prof Mallat.

What is known already is that our arteries are sensitive to changes in blood flow.

Even subtle perturbations in the micro-environment are sensed by the arteries and can be considered as a danger, explains Prof Mallat.

When it interprets this as a danger, it sends signals to the immune system to react. I would say this is happening almost continuously, and is aggravated of course when you have additional stimuli like high blood cholesterol or exposure to smoke.

While the use of imaging and monitoring of biomarkers is helping us diagnose atherosclerosis earlier, Prof Mallat describes this as not optimal, because we dont understand the disease in a comprehensive manner. A 3D map would aid diagnosis, prediction and prevention of disease, as well as opening up new therapeutic avenues.

Nobody knew 10 or 15 years ago that the immune system could play such a huge role in cancer, Prof Mallat points out. Now cancer immunotherapy is advancing enormously. We are convinced that atherosclerosis is highly motivated by the immune system but no-one is targeting the immune system to treat it. Thats why we want to understand it and we think this could really induce a revolution in our understanding and how we treat it.

Cambridge Cardiovascular to host events at Cambridge Science Festival

Visitors to Cambridge Science Festival will have a chance to find out more about the iMap project and the work of cardiovascular researchers.

Cambridge Cardiovascular, an umbrella group for the field, is involved in organising activities once again at this years festival, which runs from March 9 to 22.

At 6-7pm on Wednesday, March 18 at the Mill Lane lecture rooms in Cambridge, a talk titled More than a blocked pipe: The hardening of the arteries and their role in stroke and heart attacks will be delivered by Dr Nick Evans, of the Department of Medicine, and Prof Melinda Duer, of the Department of Chemistry.

At 6-7pm on Friday, March 20, also at Mill Lane lecture rooms, Dr Sanjay Sinha, of Cambridge Stem Cell Instituteand the Department of Medicine will discuss Mending broken hearts: stem cells for heart disease.

Then, from 11am to 4pm on Sunday, March 22, A View of the Heart will be on offer at the Cambridge Academy for Science and Technology, in Long Road, where cardiovascular scientists will help you explore the organ and visualise heartbeats.

Book at sciencefestival.cam.ac.uk.

The Big Beat Challenge

The British Heart Foundations 30million Big Beat Challenge is designed as the charitys moon-shot to propel our understanding of cardiovascular disease into a new era.

Some 75 applications were received from 40 countries following its launch in August 2018, and these have been whittled down to four, including the one led by Prof Mallat to map and treat atherosclerosis. The other ideas are:

Hybrid heart

Led by Jolanda Kluin, professor of translational cardiothoracic surgery at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands, this team plans to create a solution for heart failure by developing a soft robotic heart. They intend to design, build, test and implant a hybrid heart that consists of a soft robotic shell forming the soft artificial muscles and sensors to enable natural motion, and a tissue-engineered lining to make sure all the surfaces in contact with blood are safe. With wireless energy transfer, the vision is that this could replace the need for human heart transplantation.

Echoes

Led by Professor Frank Rademakers, chief medical technology officer at University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium, this team would develop wearable technology that can be used in daily life to capture more data than ever before. This information ranging from symptoms and physical activity to heart function and air quality could be used alongside genetic and healthcare data to transform diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of heart and circulatory diseases through the creation of a digital twin.

Cure heart

This project aims to provide a cure for inherited, killer heart muscle diseases. Led by Professor Hugh Watkins, BHF chair of cardiovascular medicine at the University of Oxford, these researchers will develop a treatment that targets and silences the faulty genes responsible for cardiomyopathies diseases of the heart muscle that can lead to sudden death at an early age. They intend to combine a deep understanding of underlying genetic mechanisms with new technologies, to stop the progression of the damage caused by genetic heart muscle diseases, or even reverse the damage.

Professor Sir Nilesh Samani, medical director at the British Heart Foundation, said: Heart and circulatory diseases remain the number one cause of death worldwide.

Were taking small steps forward every year but whats needed is a giant leap, which wont be achieved by a business-as-usual approach.

The Big Beat Challenge embodies our ambition to turbo-charge progress and could lead to its own man on the moon moment. I have absolutely no doubt the winning idea will define the decade in their area.

The teams will prepare their final applications by June 14, with interviews in early September and a decision expected by the end of the year.

Read more

Our guide to the Cambridge Science Festival 2020

Can HIV be cured? Evelyn Trust-funded research at University of Cambridge probes viral latency

Inside the Cambridge lab in pole position to create a new coronavirus vaccine

Sanger Institute scientist helps unveil blueprint for extraordinary Human Cell Atlas

Prof Greg Hannon on taking over at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and creating the worlds first virtual reality tumour

Continued here:
Prof Ziad Mallat leads Cambridge effort to win 30m to tackle leading cause of heart attacks and strokes - Cambridge Independent

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Circulating Tumor Cells and Cancer Stem Cells Market: Quantitative Analysis from 2019 to 2025 to Enable the Stakeholders to Capitalize on the...

The most emotional issue my patients have is hair loss, says New York dermatologist Cheryl Karcher, MD below a jaw-dropping before-and-after photo shared to her Instagram page. On the left half of the photo shared is a young womans exposed hairlinethe hair is so thin and sparse, the entire scalp is visible wherever your eye is drawn. On the right side of the photo, the same woman, but with an almost unbelievable amount of thicker hair, and, somehow, a sense of renewed confidence.

The secret? A little thing called nanofat.

In the past we only had PRP to offer that had to be done three times or more. Sometimes it would work, sometimes it didnt. Now we have nanofat hair restoration, which needs to be done just once, and is much more effective way to treat hair loss and grow hair, explains Dr. Karcher.

You May Also Like: How Low Level Laser Therapy Actually Works to Thicken Hair

So what is nanofat? According to Dr. Karcher, its derived from our own adipose tissue, whereas the ever popular PRP is derived from our blood. Nanofat includes adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction, which contains stem cells as well as growth factors. PRP contains the growth factors released from platelets in the blood, she adds. The procedure itself involves extracting anywhere from 20 to 40 millilitersof fat, usually from the abdomen, then processing it through mechanical filters, before injecting.

Like PRP, the possibilities of what nanofat can help with doesnt stop at the hairline. After the nanofat is processed to the point where there is no fat left, only stem cells and growth factors, it is injected into the scalp, the face, the neck, the decollete, or to improve sun damage, skin pigmentation, decrease wrinkles, and of course grow hair, says Dr. Karcher.

When nanofat is used for hair restoration, Dr. Karcher says she first injects the nanofat, then injects the patients PRP on top of it to act as a fertilizer for the nanofat. Perhaps the best part? Theres little to no painDr. Karcher says the most pain patients feel is during the PRP injections, so the scalp is numbed topicallyand no downtime. When nanofat is used on the face, chest or other areas, Dr. Karcher warns there may be some downtime of erythema and swelling or bruising. If injected for [skin] rejuvenation via microneedling the downtime is only about 48 hours.

While Dr. Karcher has seen unparalleled results from nanofat hair restoration, it is only ideal for patients who have some hair still present on the scalppatients who are completely bald may not be ideal candidates for the procedure. The only time I ever use PRP for hair restoration now is in a patient that doesnt have enough fat to harvest. The nanofat is just one treatment and the results seem to be superior. However, as La Jolla, CA plastic surgeon Robert Singer, MD notes, there is no safety or efficacy data surrounding nanofat treatment as of press time.

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Doctors Are Injecting This Naturally-Derived Substance to Restore Hair Thicknessand Its Not PRP - NewBeauty Magazine

New York, Feb. 25, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Succeeding in the 2020 Europe Cell Surface Testing Market: Supplier Shares and Segment Forecasts by Test and Country, Competitive Intelligence, Emerging Technologies, Instrumentation and Opportunities for Suppliers" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p05861931/?utm_source=GNW

Rationale

The use of surface marker identification and classification of cells is spreading beyond lymphocytes to the identification of monocytes, macrophages, myeloid stem cells, and tumor cells. A synergistic combination of the hybridoma technology with flow cytometry is further expanding the applications of both technologies. During the next five years, the main trend in cell surface marker analysis will be further simplification of the sample preparation and the analysis itself.

Companies Profiled Competitive Assessments

- Abbott - Agilent Technologies - Beckman Coulter/Danaher - Becton Dickinson - Bio-Rad - CellaVision - Horiba - Nihon Kohden - Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics - Roche - Siemens Healthineers - SysmexRead the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05861931/?utm_source=GNW

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Succeeding in the 2020 Europe Cell Surface Testing Market: Supplier Shares and Segment Forecasts by Test and Country, Competitive Intelligence,...