Category Archives: Stem Cells

In the first study by Zeng et al., the authors specifically isolated and sequenced ~7000 neoblasts with the goal of detecting a gene signature of a pluripotent neoblast, the potency of which was then functionally validated by gold-standard single-cell transplantations4. Based on sequencing, the authors detected 12 distinct neoblast subtypes in silico based on the similarity of gene expression. Importantly, the authors detected all previously identified neoblast subtypes. The authors then focused on a large subclass of neoblasts that they could not classify and found that this subtype, called Nb2, expressed high levels of a cell surface protein homolog of tetraspanin (tspan-1). Importantly, the authors made an antibody to TSPAN-1 and could, for the first time, prospectively isolate a TSPAN-1+ neoblast subpopulation by flow cytometry. To test the potency of TSPAN-1+ neoblasts, single cells were transplanted into hosts devoid of stem cells to test multilineage potential. The authors conclusively demonstrated that some of the TSPAN-1+ stem cells could restore the stem cell compartment, and thus, were functionally pluripotent.

While the Zeng et al., study found a method and gene signature to enrich pluripotent stem cells, there are some other interesting observations. First, while TSPAN-1- cells could not rescue the stem cell compartment, the TSPAN-1+piwi-1+ stem cells could only rescue the stem cell compartment of ~25% of animals following transplant. In the 2011 study, the rescue efficiency of single-cell transplants isolated only by morphology and without a cell surface marker was ~5%, so this study was a marked improvement in enriching for pluripotent neoblasts (or simply enriching for piwi-1+ cells). However, it remains unknown whether the 25% rescue in the Zeng study reflects the difficulty of the method (i.e., accidental killing of the transplanted stem cell), or whether this reflects true biological differences in potency. If it accurately reflects biology and only 25% of TSPAN-1+ stem cells are pluripotent, then there is much more room to hone in on the exact pluripotent stem cell population. Second, the Zeng study did not find a molecule that functioned specifically to maintain the TSPAN-1 population. Removal of TSPAN-1 function did not show loss of stem cells in a homeostatic context, and thus it remains unknown whether removal of TSPAN-1+ neoblasts would also remove pluripotency. Finally, the authors found that 89% of TSPAN-1+ cells were also piwi-1+, showing a high correlation of TSPAN-1 protein with the stem cell compartment, although the transcript for tspan-1 itself was difficult to detect athomeostasis. In the end, the Zeng model is attractive because the authors found TSPAN-1+ stem cells distributed throughout the stem cell compartment. Thus, virtually any injury fragment would inherit a pluripotent neoblast to restore any missing cell types (Fig.2a).

a Zeng et al., suggest that the Nb2 in silico cluster of neoblasts is the pluripotent population in planarians, which can be prospectively purified by TSPAN-1 protein expression and transplanted into hosts devoid of stem cells. Nb2 cells are distributed throughout the body axis (black dots) and specialized subtypes of neoblasts (various colored dots) are made from them in a traditional hierarchy. b Raz et al., show that although neoblasts can express factors that make them appear specialized (pink dot; FSTF+), they in fact can give rise to pluripotent-looking neoblasts (black dots; FSTF), which then make different lineages as well (blue). In this case, a neoblast may appear specialized (pink dot), but it can readily switch back to pluripotent state (black dots). It is a combination of cell cycle stage and down-regulating piwi-1 transcript the authors propose leads to true lineage commitment.

The second study, performed by Raz et al., stratified the >12,000 piwi-1+cells previously sequenced into the cell cycle stage based on gene expression5,6. Further, they sequenced several thousand new piwi-1+ cells taken from the 2C flow cytometry gate (representing G1/G0 stem cells) and the 4C gate (representing G2/M stem cells). The authors then examined the expression of known fate-specifying transcription factors (FSTFs) and observed an increase in FSTF expression as stem cells proceeded through the cell cycle. The authors showed that the 2 cells produced by a division often have an asymmetric expression of an FSTF in the two daughter cells: one that remains piwi-1[hi] and FSTF and the other that is piwi-1[low]FSTF+. Through careful analyses, the authors show, surprisingly, that FSTF+ stem cells can give rise to FSTF stem cells, implying that fate specification may either be reversible or simply adopted by a daughter cell at G2/M and that many or most piwi-1[hi] stem cells are pluripotent (Fig.2b). The Raz model is attractive because pluripotency can be accessed by most stem cells, and thus, these would be present in any given amputation fragment.

Interestingly, Raz et al. find that tspan-1+ (assayed using the additional co-expressed transcript tgs-1) stem cells largely express FSTFs toward neural fates and are not simply an FSTF, pluripotent cell state as was suggested by Zeng et al. However, it should be noted that the Raz et al., study was based on RNA expression (and investigating tgs-1 as a proxy for TSPAN-1). In contrast, Zeng et al. used prospective neoblast isolation based on protein expression investigating TSPAN-1. Thus, while the studies seem at odds, it remains possible that both are correct and that tgs-1+ stem cells are a mix of neural-specified and pluripotent. This could also explain the relatively low rescue percentage by a single-TSPAN-1+ neoblast in transplants at 25%.

Read more:
Finding the potency in planarians | Communications Biology - Nature.com

On November 15th, World Cord Blood Day 2022 celebrations will be held around the globe (free online medical conference and educational events worldwide open to the public). Learn how cord blood is used to treat 80+ life-threatening diseases including many blood cancers and holds tremendous potential in the treatment of HIV, autism and cerebral palsy.

TUCSON, Ariz., Sept. 14, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- We are pleased to announce World Cord Blood Day 2022 (WCBD 2022) will take place on November 15th, featuring a free online medical conference and educational events worldwide. This year's official online conference will highlight innovations in cancer-fighting stem cell transplants using cord blood, as well as ground-breaking cord blood research and novel cell therapies in the potential treatment of HIV, autism, cerebral palsy and more.

Cord blood is the blood left in the umbilical cord and placenta following the birth of a child. It is rich in life-saving stem cells. If collected and stored properly, these cells can be used in stem cell transplants to treat over 80 life-threatening diseases including leukemia, lymphoma, and thalassemia to name a few.

Since 1988, more than 40,000 cord blood transplants have been performed worldwide. Yet, cord blood is still thrown away as medical waste in the majority of births. Education is key to changing this practice and World Cord Blood Day 2022 will provide the perfect opportunity for OBGYNs, midwives, transplant doctors, nurses, parents, students and government authorities to learn about this vital medical resource.

Organized by Save the Cord Foundation, a 501c3 non-profit, World Cord Blood Day 2022 is officially sponsored by QuickSTAT Global Life Science Logistics, recognized leader in medical shipping and healthcare logistics. Inspiring Partners for this event include the Be the Match (NMDP), World Marrow Donor Association (WMDA-Netcord), Association for the Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies (AABB), Cord Blood Association, and the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT).

Story continues

In addition to the many live events being held globally by WCBD Community Champions, a Facebook livestream will launch the official WCBD 2022 conference at 10am ET on November 15th. The full conference will be available to view on-demand via Eventbrite until December 15th (free, open to the public, registration required). New this year, a roundtable discussion will be held post-conference via LinkedIn (details coming soon) providing an opportunity for further exploration of session topics.

Visit http://www.WorldCordBloodDay.org to register free for the online conference and learn how you can participate on-line or at an event locally in your community (#WCBD22 #WorldCordBloodDay).

About Save the Cord Foundation (Organizer and host of WCBD 2022)

Save the Cord Foundation (a 501c3 non-profit) was established to advance cord blood education. The Foundation provides non-commercial information to parents, health professionals and the public regarding methods for saving cord blood, as well as current applications using cord blood and the latest research. Learn more at http://www.SaveTheCordFoundation.org.

About QuickSTAT Global Life Science Logistics (Official Sponsor of WCBD 2022)

Every day, QuickSTAT, a part of Kuehne+Nagel, safely and reliably moves thousands of critical shipments around the world. For over forty years, QuickSTAT has been entrusted with transporting human organs and tissue for transplant or research, blood, blood products, cord blood, bone marrow, medical devices, and personalized medicine, 24/7/365. QuickSTAT's specially trained experts work with hospitals, laboratories, blood banks and medical processing centers, and utilize the safest routes to ensure integrity, temperature control and chain of custody throughout the transportation process. Learn more at http://www.quickstat.aero.

Media Contact:Charis Ober(520) 419-0269344609@email4pr.com

Cision

View original content to download multimedia:https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/life-saving-innovations-in-cancer-fighting-stem-cell-transplants-and-pioneering-research-in-hiv-autism-and-cerebral-palsy-to-be-featured-at-world-cord-blood-day-2022-301623861.html

SOURCE Save the Cord Foundation

Read this article:
Life-Saving Innovations in Cancer-Fighting Stem Cell Transplants and Pioneering Research in HIV, Autism and Cerebral Palsy to be Featured at World...

Research into oncolytic viruses potentiated by stem cells shows promise for treating cancer.

There are many avenues that researchers canand dopursue in the hopes of finding treatments for a given disease, condition, or disorder. One of those avenues is the research of oncolytic viruses to treat cancer. BioPharm International spoke with Boris Minev, president, medical and scientific affairs, Calidi Biotherapeutics, about how oncolytic viruses can be harnessed for use in treatments, how stem cells are utilized, how oncolytic viruses compare to other methods of treatment on the market today, and challenges encountered during development and manufacturing.

BioPharm: Your company develops allogeneic therapeutics in which oncolytic viruses are housed within stem cells to treat cancer. To start, what are oncolytic viruses, and how do these viruses have the potential to be used to treat cancers?

Minev: Oncolytic viruses selectively infect and multiply inside cancer cells. They use a variety of mechanisms to target and infect cells, which often involve recognizing a molecular marker of a cells uncontrolled growth or ability to evade homeostatic checks and balances. While oncolytic viruses occur in nature, many have been modified in the lab to carry specific mutations that make them target and kill cancer cells more effectively, which improves their safety profile and increases their therapeutic potential.

Oncolytic viruses have great potential to be harnessed to treat cancers because they replicate within tumor cells in a targeted fashion, leaving healthy cells unharmed. Oncolytic virus therapy is especially potent because it kills cancer cells in two ways. First, the oncolytic virus selectively infects and replicates within the cancer cells at the tumor site, causing them to burst. Second, this cellular debris and viral antigens activate the patients immune system, triggering it to seek and destroy cancer cells near and far from the tumor site. Thus, all cancer cells at the tumor site, circulating in the blood, and at distant metastasesand any tumor cells that arise in the futureare subject to thorough eradication by the immune system, which reduces the risk of recurrence. More importantly, the oncolytic virus therapies have a high therapeutic index due to the following features: minimal systemic toxicity, non-overlapping with the toxicity of standard of care drugs; non-overlapping mechanisms of action with the standard of care drugs, allowing effective treatment combinations; low probability of generating treatment resistance (not seen so far); and virus dose in targeted tumors increases over time, as opposed to classical drug pharmacokinetics where drug concentration decreases over time.

Read the full article in the Emerging Therapies 2022 eBook.

Meg Rivers is a senior editor for Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Technology Europe, and BioPharm International.

BioPharm InternationaleBook: Emerging Therapies 2022September 2022Pages: 1012

When referring to this article, please cite it as M. Rivers, "Treating Cancer with Oncolytic Viruses," BioPharm Internationals Emerging Therapies 2022 eBook (September 2022).

View post:
Treating Cancer with Oncolytic Viruses - BioPharm International

As the world awaits the arrival of cultured meat, manufacturers and their suppliers strategize to cope with the realities of this potentially mammoth market. Infrastructure and product scaling for growth remain a challenge from the supply side. Still, concerns over the pricing of lab-grown meat, poultry, and seafood might be the most significant roadblock to consumer acceptance.

Israeli-based Profuse Technology believes it has a solution to bring manufacturing costs down to a point where a pound of cultured beef could achieve price parity with meat from a live animal. A step forward, the company has announced the completion of a $2.5 million seed funding round (and a total of $3.75m since its establishment). The round is led by New York-based investment firm Green Circle and existing shareholders OurCrowd, Tnuva, and Tempo. Other new investors include Siddhi Capital, a leader in investments in cultivated meat, and Kayma, the investment arm of De-Levie, a meat industry specialist.

According to the announcement, the company will use the funds to collaborate with cultivated meat producers, obtain FDA regulatory approval, and expand the research and development team and its laboratories. The funds will also position the company to source significant capital raising at the end of the second quarter of 2023 to commercialize its customer collaborations.

Profuses solution is based on what it calls a cocktail that is added during the period when a harvested animal stem cell begins its proliferation process. As founder and CTO Dr. Tamar Eigler-Hirsh told The Spoon: You would start with a biopsy, and it could be directly from the muscle tissue or an embryonic stem cell harvested from an animal. The cultivated meat companies would take these cells, bank the most successful ones, and optimize them. They would grow them in bioreactors and expand and expand and proliferate these cells until they have hundreds of millions of cells per milliliter. And then, at some point, they have to differentiate the cells to become muscle tissue or muscle fibers. This is where our media supplement comes in.

What weve basically found a way was to target this natural biological mechanism of regeneration by understanding the biological pathway that that thats responsible for that, Dr. Eigler-Hirsh continues. Theres one protocol to make muscle, and everybody follows it, and its very inefficient. Right now, were hearing numbers being reported about between 10% to 30% efficiency in converting stem cells into muscle. And using our technology, we can bump that number up from 30% well to over 90% efficiency in conversion of stem cell to muscle.

Greater efficiency yields more muscle which in turn leads to cultured meat. The math is simple: a more significant and efficient supply can bring down manufacturing costs, which can be passed on to the consumer.

Profuse founder and CEO Guy Nevo Michrowski goes into further detail on the issue of price parity. . First, you wont need as many cells to start with because your efficiency of using the cells will be 95%. So instead of going for 30 days, youre going for only 25 days. And most important, the most expensive days are being saved. So, in the last ten days, where over 85% to 90% of the median cost is consumed, those days are cut by half because you dont need as many cells. And then also, the differentiation and fusion maturation phase of creating them is now reduced to two days instead of ten. Your overall process is only 27 days versus 40 days, which means your factory can produce 33% more yearly.

Using technology developed at the Weitzman Institute, the company started in 2021. In 2022 it began collaborating with cultivated meat companies and others who potentially would be our distribution partners. Michrowski said that Profuse is working with the major players in the cultured meat and poultry space And I would say that of the ten leading companies worldwide, we are working with the vast majority together to demonstrate and quantify the effects of our cocktail on their specific production environment. We operate with different customers to demonstrate our value in different viable development environments and methods.

Related

Link:
Israel's Profuse Technology Raises $2.5M for Technology That Lowers Cost of Cultured Meat - The Spoon

Do synthetic mice dream of electric sheep? Were on the way to finding out thanks to a breakthrough in stem cell research.

Its not going to overthrow mankind from a lab anytime soon, but a stell cell-grown mouse has got the brain. Stem cells are the cornerstone of the body and can differentiate into almost any other type of cell therein. In the week post-fertilization, three types of stem cells develop: one to form the tissues of the body, while one of the extraembryonic stem cell types becomes the placenta, and the other becomes the yolk sac.

By carefully guiding these three types of stem cell, researchers at the University of Cambridge (UK) grew a synthetic mouse embryo with a brain and beating heart, and the beginnings of a full set of organs, without the use of sperm or eggs.

For an embryo to develop, the proto-embryonic tissue and the tissue that will connect the embryo to the mother need to establish contact. The researchers established specific environments and induced particular sets of gene expressions to encourage the stem cells to communicate.

They observed that extraembryonic cells use both chemical signaling and touch to guide their embryonic counterparts to develop into the embryo. Researchers guided this process by assembling cultured stem cells, representing the three sorts of tissue, in specific proportions and environments to coax them into communication. From there, the stem cells self-organized and developed into the formational stages of organs, in addition to the yolk sac in which an embryo gains nutrients during its first weeks.

Novel hydrogel bioink improves 3D-printed biomaterials

Researchers have overcome the limitations of current bioinks by incorporating microgels, taking us one step closer to bioprinting functioning organs and tissues.

The model even developed a beating heart and the initial stages of an entire brain with evidence of anterior development: a developmental milestone never before achieved in previously created synthetic embryos.

Lead researcher Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz, understandably excited about this breakthrough, enthused: This opens new possibilities to study the mechanisms of neurodevelopment in an experimental model. In fact, we demonstrate the proof of this principle in the paper by knocking out a gene already known to be essential for formation of the neural tube, precursor of the nervous system, and for brain and eye development. In the absence of this gene, the synthetic embryos show exactly the known defects in brain development as in an animal carrying this mutation. This means we can begin to apply this kind of approach to the many genes with unknown function in brain development.

A decade-in-the-making, there are multiple implications for this success. For a start, it could help to elucidate the reasons behind the success or failure of a pregnancy, as many pregnancies fail at the stage when the three initial stem cell types interact and communicate with each other to program embryonic development. The results could also guide future medical developments in trauma repair and synthetic organs for transplants. In addition, the development of the anterior part of the brain marks a major milestone for synthetic embryo research.

Though current research is performed using mouse models, the development of human models could signal the potential for organ generation that is otherwise impossible to study in natural embryos. In the UK, a human embryo can only be studied for up to 14 days of development.

Go here to read the rest:
Stem Cells Used to Grow Mouse Embryo - BioTechniques

Scanning electron micrograph of cultured human neuron from induced pluripotent stem cell. Photo via Mark Ellisman and Thomas Deerinck, National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, UC San Diego

UC San Diego will use the largest single gift in its history to fund an institute tasked with expanding stem cell research and regenerative medicine, it was announced Tuesday.

The $150 million gift from businessman and philanthropist T. Denny Sanford follows up on his $100 million gift in 2013, which established UCSD as a leader in developing and delivering the therapeutic promise of human stem cells.

The special cells have the ability to develop into many different cell types which, when modified and repurposed, have the potential to treat, remedy or cure a vast array of conditions and diseases.

Dennys previous generosity spurred discoveries in stem cell research and medicine at UC San Diego that are already benefiting countless patients around the world, Chancellor Pradeep Khosla said. His most recent gift adds to our portfolio of stem cell research conducted in Earths orbit that will help us better understand the progression of cancer cells and aging.

New programs to be established at the UCSD Sanford Stem Cell Institute aboard the International Space Station include:

We are thrilled to announce the establishment of the UC San Diego Sanford Stem Cell Institute with Denny Sanfords generous support, said Dr. Catriona Jamieson, who will direct the institute. This will allow us to keep pace with the growing need for regenerative and stem-cell based therapies and accelerate translational stem cell research and discoveries that will transform human health for years to come.

According to the university, exposure to radiation and microgravity in low-Earth orbit can simulate and speed up aging in stem cells, as well as their transformation into cancer cells. Space-related research may have applications that create better treatments for various cancers and diseases on Earth, including blood cancers, as well as neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers and Parkinsons.

This investment enables the team to dream beyond what is possible, Sanford said. The sky is no longer the limit.

In addition to his investment to create the Sanford Stem Cell Clinical Center at UCSD Health in 2013, Sanfords gifts established the T. Denny Sanford Institute for Empathy and Compassion in 2019, which focuses on research into the neurological basis of compassion, with application toward developing compassion and empathy-focused training for future generations of medical professionals, the university said.

He also recently made a $5 million gift to support the Epstein Family Alzheimers Research Collaboration, a partnership between UCSD and the University of Southern California to spark collaborative efforts to discover effective therapies for Alzheimers disease.

City News Service

See the original post here:
Largest Gift in UCSD History to Fund Stem Cell Research on Space Station - Times of San Diego

Get our Hamptons Insider newsletters delivered direct to you.

To get it out of the way immediately, we are NOT talking about fetal or embryonic stem cells today.

At birth, the umbilical cord and placenta are routinely discarded. These healing stem cells are harvested in Colorado by vitro Bio Pharma and distributed around the world to help people heal and improve their quality of life. They cannot be used in the USA as they are not FDA approved, and large corporations in the pharmaceutical industry have lost interest in funding clinical trials on something you cant patent. Big pharma saves many lives through new research and development but ultimately must answer to their shareholders and show a profit.

I became fascinated with these umbilical and mesenchymal stem cells after meeting people whose conditions improved after I.V. and local injection of stem cells. I went to the island of Antigua where Dr. Joseph John, a Columbia medical school graduate, worked tirelessly to change laws there so that stem cells cold be used in the island nation.

The medical director who is based in Chicago and does the procedure is Chadwick Prodromos, M.D. Dr. Prodromos went to Princeton undergrad and the Johns Hopkins medical school as well as residency and fellowship training at Yale and Harvard. People from the East Coast travel to the Antigua clinic, and west coast people travel to Monterrey, Mexico to the other clinic to see Dr. Prodromos.

Conditions they treat are heart failure, multiple sclerosis, the effects of aging, Bells palsy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diabetes, erectile dysfunction and hip, knee and shoulder problems. People have experienced other benefits such as more energy, less pain and more mobility. The people I contacted in follow-up reported improved heart ejection fraction (pumping ability), improved vision, more mobility and reduced pain.

Stem cells are not rejected because they havent become any specific type of cell. Stem cells are injected into the I.V. and almost magically find where the problem is. We will be hearing more about the healing power of stem cells in the coming years.

Peter Michalos, MD is associate professor of clinical ophthalmology, Columbia University VP&S; chairman, Hamptons Health Society; and a Southampton resident.

See the article here:
Health on the Frontlines: The Healing Power of Stem Cells - Dans Papers

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The "Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market - Growth, Trends, Covid-19 Impact, and Forecasts (2022 - 2027)" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

The Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market is projected to register a CAGR of 8.4% during the forecast period (2022 to 2027).

Companies Mentioned

Key Market Trends

The Drug Development Segment is Expected to Hold a Major Market Share in the Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market.

By application, the drug development segment holds the major segment in the induced pluripotent stem cell market. Various research studies focusing on drug development studies with induced pluripotent stem cells have been on the rise in recent years.

For instance, an article titled "Drug Development and the Use of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Disease Modeling and Drug Toxicity Screening" published in the International Journal of Molecular Science in October 2020 discussed the broad use of iPSC derived cardiomyocytes for drug development in terms of adverse drug reactions, mechanisms of cardiotoxicity, and the need for efficient drug screening protocols.

Another article published in the Journal of Cells in December 2021 titled "Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell as a Disease Modeling and Drug Development Platform-A Cardiac Perspective" focused on methods to reprogram somatic cells into human induced pluripotent stem cells and the solutions to overcome the immaturity of the human induced pluripotent stem cells derived cardiomyocytes to mimic the structure and physiological properties of adult human cardiomyocytes to accurately model disease and test drug safety. Thus, this increase in the research of induced pluripotent stem cells for drug development and drug modeling is likely to propel the segment's growth over the study period.

Furthermore, as per an article titled "Advancements in Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery Using iPSC-Derived Hepatocyte-like Cells" published in the Multi-Disciplinary Publishing Institute journal of Cells in March 2022, preserved differentiation and physiological function, amenability to genetic manipulation via tools such as CRISPR/Cas9, and availability for high-throughput screening, make induced pluripotent stem cell systems increasingly attractive for both mechanistic studies of disease and the identification of novel therapeutics.

North America is Expected to Hold a Significant Share in the Market and Expected to do Same in the Forecast Period

The rise in the adoption of highly advanced technologies and systems in drug development, toxicity testing, and disease modeling coupled with the growing acceptance of stem cell therapies in the region are some of the major factors driving the market growth in North America.

The United States Food and Drug Administration in March 2022 discussed the development of strategies to improve cell therapy product characterization. The agency focused on the development of improved methods for testing stem cell products to ensure the safety and efficacy of such treatments when used as therapies.

Likewise, in March 2020, the Food and Drug Administration announced that ImStem drug IMS001, which uses AgeX's pluripotent stem cell technology, would be available for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Similarly, REPROCELL introduced a customized iPSC generation service in December 2020, as well as a new B2C website to promote the "Personal iPS" service. This service prepares and stores an individual's iPSCs for future injury or disease regeneration treatment.

Thus, the increasing necessity for induced pluripotent stem cells coupled with increasing investment in the health care department is known to propel the growth of the market in this region.

Key Topics Covered:

1 INTRODUCTION

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 MARKET DYNAMICS

4.1 Market Overview

4.2 Market Drivers

4.2.1 Increase in Research and Development Activities in Stem Cells Therapies

4.2.2 Surge in Adoption of Personalized Medicine

4.3 Market Restraints

4.3.1 Lack of Awareness Regarding Stem Cell Therapies

4.3.2 High Cost of Treatment

4.4 Porter's Five Force Analysis

5 MARKET SEGMENTATION

5.1 By Derived Cell Type

5.2 Application

5.3 End User

5.4 Geography

6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

6.1 Company Profiles

7 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS

For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/ylzwhr

Here is the original post:
Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market (2022 to 2027) - Growth, Trends, Covid-19 Impact and Forecasts - ResearchAndMarkets.com - Business Wire

This months top grants in regenerative medicine, sourced from Dimensions, includes projects on: a novel platform to enhance single cell interrogation of nervous system development, human endothelial cell regulation of ossification and the development of a dynamic double network hydrogel for generating pancreatic organoids from induced pluripotent stem cells.

This project aims to investigate a strategy, which utilizes novel spatial transcriptomics approaches, integrated multiplexed RNA/protein detection and visualization and computational algorithms to identify and map molecular markers of the preganglionic neurons in the ventral spinal cord and progenitor cell populations of the sympathetic ganglia. If successful, the approach could provide a foundation for basic research of peripheral nervous system birth defects and repair using stem cell-based therapies, as well as future studies of neuroblastoma initiation.

Funding amount:US$206,000

Funding period: 8 August 2022 31 July 2024

Funder:Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

Research organization:Stowers Institute for Medical Research (MO, USA)

Read more

Over one million patients undergo bone repair procedures in the USA annually, with autologous bone grafting remaining the preferred treatment for bone defects. The development of therapies that exploit the osteogenic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bm-MSCs) has been limited due to limited understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of in vivo bm-MSC osteogenesis. Previous research from the group showed that the osteogenic potential of bm-MSCs is dependent on sustained proximity to endothelial cells. The goal of the present study is to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which endothelial cells regulate the osteogenic differentiation of bm-MSCs and develop a foundation of knowledge upon which to build therapeutic strategies for bone regeneration utilizing autologous bm-MSCs.

Funding amount:US$442,000

Funding period: 10 August 2022 31 May 2027

Funder:National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)

Research organization:Boston Childrens Hospital (MA, USA)

Read more

Human induced pluripotent stem cells provide a valuable source of cells for basic research and translational applications. While there have been advances in lineage-specific differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells, there remains limited understanding on the impact of matrix stiffness, viscoelasticity and integrin ligand presentation on the multi-stage development of exocrine pancreatic organoids. This research aims to define the influence of matrix properties on the generation of exocrine pancreatic organoids by developing a viscoelastic dynamic double network hydrogel platform with controllable matrix mechanical properties and biochemical motifs. This will advance the application of chemically defined matrices as xeno-free artificial stem cell niches for organoid growth and tissue regeneration applications.

Funding amount:US$468,000

Funding period: 1 August 2022 31 July 2026

Funder:National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Research organization: Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IA, USA)

Read more

Brought to you with support from:

See the original post:
Top 3 grants in regenerative medicine: July 2022 - RegMedNet

image:Prof. Christina Peters, MD, points out: "We have published highly topical and clinically relevant manuscripts that are of utmost importance for the treatment of children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. One of the most burning questions for me is whether we still need stem cell transplantation in the era of modern immunotherapies." view more

Credit: St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children, generally curable with contemporary chemotherapy. However, if the disease is classified as high-risk ALL and a stem cell transplantation becomes inevitable, total body irradiation is still the treatment of choice prior to transplantation. This was the conclusion drawn from the FORUM study, including 35 countries on five continents (Peters et al., Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020).

"As the largest study on this topic to date, we published the results in the top-ranked Journal of Clinical Oncology. Soon after that, Frontiers invited us the international transplant consortium for ALL to publish a collection of reviews and scientific reports on ALL in children," recalls Christina Peters, Affiliated Clinician at St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (St. Anna CCRI) and Senior Physician at St. Anna Children's Hospital. The editorial board of this Research Topic is formed by Christina Peters together with Assoc.-Prof. Adriana Balduzzi, MD (University of Milano Bicocca, Italy) and Prof. Peter Bader, MD (Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Germany).

Life at the price of long-term side effects?Although total body irradiation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from healthy donors can be life-saving, long-term side effects sometimes have a massive impact on the quality of life of children and young adults. These include organ damage, growth retardation, and the development of secondary cancers. Hence, there was a dire need to clearly outline recent and previously published data, as well as to discuss potential new approaches, as did the aforementioned reviews.

"One of the most burning questions for me is whether we still need stem cell transplantation in the era of modern immunotherapies," Christina Peters points out. In the future, CAR-T cell or antibody therapies directly targeting leukemia cells could replace HSCT, which is addressed by three of the reviews mentioned. Jochen Bchner, MD, PhD, and colleagues are discussing the question of whether and when CAR-T cell therapy could be considered to bridge the time until transplantation and under what conditions it could replace transplantation. Another review, authored by Assoc.-Prof. Tony H. Truong, MD, and colleagues, is dedicated to the question which children should receive a stem cell transplantation at all. Of course, transplantation should only be considered for those patients who would not have a realistic chance of survival with 'milder' therapies. But it is exactly these boundaries that are currently shifting.

More than 59,000 views of our workSo far, the review of Bianca A. W. Hoeben, MD, PhD, and colleagues, which deals with new methods of total body irradiation, has had the most views in this online collection. "In total, we have more than 59,000 views of our Research Topic by now. Accordingly, it seems to be on many people's minds whether and how we can improve transplantation methods to reduce side effects," says Christina Peters. For example, different radiotherapy centers have developed new methods of total body irradiation to achieve a lower irradiation dose in certain organs. There are, however, limitations to shield organs at risk without compromising the anti-leukemic and immunosuppressive effects the latter to preserve a rejection of the transplanted cells.

In addition to the aforementioned long-term effects of irradiation and transplantation, acute side effects of transplantation also play a major role. These include infections during the period in which the immune system reconstitutes (Olga Zajac-Spychala et al.), or complications arising from a donor cells attack against the patient's healthy tissue. The prevention and treatment of the so-called Graft-versus-Host Disease are addressed by six of the articles in this Research Topic (Steven J. Keogh et al., Anita Lawitschka et al., Jacob Rozmus et al., Agnieszka Sobkowiak-Sobierajska et al., Matthias Wlfl et al., Natalia Zubarovskaya et al.).

"The publication of this Research Topic is a huge success for St. Anna CCRI. Together with the valuable contributions of a number of clinicians of St. Anna Children's Hospital, we have published highly topical and clinically relevant manuscripts that are of utmost importance for the treatment of children with high-risk ALL," highlights Christina Peters.

- - -

About the FORUM StudyThe FORUM study demonstrated that patients over four years of age with high-risk ALL in need of a stem cell transplantation live longer and have a lower risk of relapse when they receive total body irradiation instead of chemotherapy in preparation for transplantation. After random assignment of 417 pediatric patients with high-risk ALL, a futility stopping rule was applied because it became apparent that patients receiving chemo-conditioning had a lower chance of cure and survival. FORUM is a randomized, international, multicenter phase III trial designed to investigate whether chemotherapy with fludarabine, thiotepa, and busulfan or treosulfan is non-inferior to total body irradiation plus etoposide as preparation prior to transplantation. The study, led by Christina Peters, is the result of a collaboration among international study groups (AIEOP-BFM-ALL-SG, IBFM-SG, INTREALL-SG, and EBMT-PD-WP).

Frontiers Research TopicThe Frontiers in Pediatrics "Research Topic" Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the Era of Immunotherapy is available for download here: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/19704/allogeneic-hematopoetic-stem-cell-transplantation-for-children-with-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-in#overviewThe specific thematic areas envisaged to be addressed in this article collection are the following:

Are HLA-identical siblings still the best available donor for ALL? The challenge of treating older children: what is the best transplant strategy for Adolescents and Young Adults (AYAs)? Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) for Philadelphia Chromosome positive (Ph+) and Ph-like ALL: could we omit Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT)? Bispecific Antibodies before HSCT: less toxicity for better transplant outcome? CAR-T cell therapy: only bridge to transplant? T-cell depletion: Cyclophosphamide after transplantation versus in vitro T-cell depletion Why is Total Body Irradiation so effective in high-risk ALL? Total Body Irradiation forever? New chemotherapeutic options for irradiation-free conditioning Minimal Residual Disease (MRD): Which level of negativity is relevant? Current treatment options for acute Graft-versus-Host-Disease (GVHD) in children Current treatment options for chronic GVHD in children Immunoreconstitution and chimerism: a different story compared to adults? Non-relapse mortality after HSCT: where are we now? High-risk ALL: Transplant indications in 2021 COVID-Infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation Transplantation for the youngest: better than chemotherapy?

About Christina PetersChristina Peters, MD, is Professor of Pediatrics at the Department of Stem Cell Transplantation of St. Anna Children's Hospital and Affiliated Clinician at St. Anna Childrens Cancer Research Institute in Vienna. She is principal investigator of active studies within the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and the International Berlin Frankfurt Mnster Study Group (IBFM) for the treatment of pediatric leukemia. Her research interests include allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation in children and adolescents with malignant and non-malignant diseases from related and unrelated donors, infectious and toxic complications after stem cell transplantation, adoptive therapies for hematological malignancies and family oriented rehabilitation for children with life threatening diseases.

Christina Peters chaired the EBMT Pediatric Diseases Working Party between 2008 and 2014. She has authored and co-authored numerous papers in peer-review journals such as The Lancet, The New England Journal of Medicine, or The Journal of Clinical Oncology. Christina Peters acts as a regular reviewer of publications for hematology, pediatric and leukemia journals. She is a member of many professional societies including IBFM, the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), the German and Austrian Society of Pediatric Hematology and the Austrian Gene Therapy Commission. Furthermore, Christina Peters is a member of the Advisory Board of the Austrian Ministry of Health, the Bioethical committee of the Austrian Prime Minister and member of the European Network Pediatric Research at the European Medicines Agency EMA (ENPREMA).

About St. Anna Childrens Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna CCRISt. Anna CCRI is an internationally renowned multidisciplinary research institution with the aim to develop and optimize diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of children and adolescents with cancer. To achieve this goal, it combines basic research with translational and clinical research and focus on the specific characteristics of childhood tumor diseases in order to provide young patients with the best possible and most innovative therapies. Dedicated research groups in the fields of tumor genomics and epigenomics, immunology, molecular biology, cell biology, bioinformatics and clinical research are working together to harmonize scientific findings with the clinical needs of physicians to ultimately improve the wellbeing of our patients.www.ccri.at http://www.kinderkrebsforschung.at

About St. Anna Children's HospitalEstablished in 1837 in the former suburb of Schottenfeld, St. Anna was the first children's hospital in Austria and the third independent hospital in Europe dedicated exclusively to the health of children. St. Anna Children's Hospital has evolved into an institution that provides state-of-the-art medical care. Thus, in addition to its performance as a general children's hospital, the Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine has also been able to establish an excellent reputation throughout Austria and internationally over the past 40 years as a center for the treatment of pediatric hematologic disorders and tumor diseases (cancer).www.stanna.at

Frontiers in Pediatrics

People

Allogeneic Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplantation for Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the Era of Immunotherapy

The authors declare that the editorial of this Research Topic was written in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

See the article here:
Childhood leukemia treatment 2022: Where we are now and what it takes - EurekAlert