Category Archives: Stem Cells

Public release date: 22-Aug-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Bob Miranda cogcomm@aol.com Cell Transplantation Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair

Putnam Valley, NY. (Aug 22 2013) Multipotent fetal dermal cells (MFDCs) may be an ideal source for cell therapy for repairing damaged tissues and organs. Their performance is superior to that of adult dermal cells, said a research team in Italy that developed a cell isolation technique for MFDCs and subsequently published a study that appears as an early e-publication for the journal Cell Transplantation, and is now freely available on-line at http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cog/ct/pre-prints/ct1022chinnici.

"When compared to adult dermal cells, fetal cells display several advantages, including a greater cellular yield after isolation, the ability to proliferate longer, and the retention of differentiation potential," said study co-author Dr. C.M. Chinnici of the Fondazie Ri.MED, Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Technologies Unit in Palermo, Italy. "Cells from fetal dermis have been proven safe and efficacious in the treatment of pediatric burns, but proper characterization of these cells has not yet been provided."

Their research provided a protocol for the isolation and expansion of large numbers of MFDCs that may see future clinical use, said the study authors.

"We generated, propagated and analyzed a proliferating population of cells derived from human fetal dermis taken at 20-22 weeks of gestation," wrote the researchers. "The non-enzymatic isolation technique allows for a spontaneous selection of cells with higher motility and yields a nearly homogeneous cell population."

The MFDCs, they reported, were "highly proliferative and were successfully expanded with no growth factor additions." They noted that, unlike mensenchymal stem cells, which progressively lose their differentiation capacity, the MFDCs "retained their osteogenenic and adipogenic differentiation potential" meaning that their potential impact for cell transplantation is likely to be greater.

"The MFDCs demonstrated their favorable characteristics for a potential large scale production aimed at clinical use," said Dr. Chinnici.

The researchers noted that the most interesting aspect of their study was the finding that multipotent cells can be successfully isolated from small fetal skin biopsies and maintained in culture for long periods with multipotency, stability and low immunogenicity retained, "thus generating large quantities of cells for clinical use."

"Given these results, the future prospect is to translate the concept of MFDCs as cells of therapeutic interest into experimental models of tissue regeneration," they concluded.

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Fetal tissue-derived stem cells may be ideal source for repairing tissues and organs

ILLUSTRATION BY VIKTOR KOEN

Since last October, molecular biologist Katsuhiko Hayashi has received around a dozen e-mails from couples, most of them middle-aged, who are desperate for one thing: a baby. One menopausal woman from England offered to come to his laboratory at Kyoto University in Japan in the hope that he could help her to conceive a child. That is my only wish, she wrote.

The requests started trickling in after Hayashi published the results of an experiment that he had assumed would be of interest mostly to developmental biologists1. Starting with the skin cells of mice in vitro, he created primordial germ cells (PGCs), which can develop into both sperm and eggs. To prove that these laboratory-grown versions were truly similar to naturally occurring PGCs, he used them to create eggs, then used those eggs to create live mice. He calls the live births a mere 'side effect' of the research, but that bench experiment became much more, because it raised the prospect of creating fertilizable eggs from the skin cells of infertile women. And it also suggested that men's skin cells could be used to create eggs, and that sperm could be generated from women's cells. (Indeed, after the research was published, the editor of a gay and lesbian magazine e-mailed Hayashi for more information.)

Ewen Callaway reports on the ethical challenges of using lab-made sperm and egg cells in fertility treatments.

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Despite the innovative nature of the research, the public attention surprised Hayashi and his senior professor, Mitinori Saitou. They have spent more than a decade piecing together the subtle details of mammalian gamete production and then recreating that process in vitro all for the sake of science, not medicine. Their method now allows researchers to create unlimited PGCs, which were previously difficult to obtain, and this regular supply of treasured cells has helped to drive the study of mammalian reproduction. But as they push forward with the scientifically challenging transition from mice to monkeys and humans, they are setting the course for the future of infertility treatments and perhaps even bolder experiments in reproduction. Scientists and the public are just starting to grapple with the associated ethical issues.

It goes without saying that [they] really transformed the field in the mouse, says Amander Clark, a fertility expert at the University of California, Los Angeles. Now, to avoid derailing the technology before it's had a chance to demonstrate its usefulness, we have to have conversations about the ethics of making gametes this way.

In the mouse, germ cells emerge just after the first week of embryonic development, as a group of around 40 PGCs2. This little cluster goes on to form the tens of thousands of eggs that female mice have at birth, and the millions of sperm cells that males produce every day, and it will pass on the mouse's entire genetic heritage. Saitou wanted to understand what signals direct these cells throughout their development.

Over the past decade, he has laboriously identified several genes including Stella, Blimp1 and Prdm14 that, when expressed in certain combinations and at certain times, play a crucial part in PGC development3, 4, 5. Using these genes as markers, he was able to select PGCs from among other cells and study what happens to them. In 2009, from experiments at the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe, Japan, he found that when culture conditions are right, adding a single ingredient bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) with precise timing is enough to convert embryonic cells to PGCs2. To test this principle, he added high concentrations of Bmp4 to embryonic cells. Almost all of them turned into PGCs2. He and other scientists had expected the process to be more complicated.

Saitou's approach meticulously following the natural process was in stark contrast to work that others were doing, says Jacob Hanna, a stem-cell expert at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel. Many scientists try to create specific cell types in vitro by bombarding stem cells with signalling molecules and then picking through the resulting mixture of mature cells for the ones they want. But it is never clear by what process these cells are formed or how similar they are to the natural versions. Saitou's efforts to find out precisely what is needed to make germ cells, to get rid of superfluous signals and to note the exact timing of various molecules at work, impressed his colleagues. There's a really beautiful hidden message in this work that differentiation of cells [in vitro] is really not easy, says Hanna. Harry Moore, a stem-cell biologist at the University of Sheffield, UK, regards the careful recapitulation of germ-cell development as a triumph.

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Stem cells: Egg engineers

Visualisation of Bone Marrow Cells and Stem Cells

By: BoneTreatment Penang

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Visualisation of Bone Marrow Cells and Stem Cells - Video

"How to Use Stem Cells to Repair Ankle Injuries" by @AlexMartinMD of MetroMD Hollywood
"How to Use Stem Cells to Repair Ankle Injuries" by @AlexMartinMD of MetroMD Hollywood #10148; Signup for more stem cell and hgh info at http://MetroMD.net #9659; Subsc...

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"How to Use Stem Cells to Repair Ankle Injuries" by @AlexMartinMD of MetroMD Hollywood - Video

"How to Use Stem Cells to Repair Ankle Injuries" by @AlexMartinMD of MetroMD Hollywood
"How to Use Stem Cells to Repair Ankle Injuries" by @AlexMartinMD of MetroMD Hollywood #10148; Signup for more stem cell and hgh info at http://MetroMD.net #9659; Subsc...

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"How to Use Stem Cells to Repair Ankle Injuries" by @AlexMartinMD of MetroMD Hollywood - Video

Albany, NY (PRWEB) August 19, 2013

According to a new market report published by Transparency Market Research, Stem Cells Market (Adult, Human Embryonic , Induced Pluripotent, Rat-Neural, Umbilical Cord, Cell Production, Cell Acquisition, Expansion, Sub-Culture)- Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2012 - 2018, the market for stem cells was valued at USD 26.23 billion in 2011 and is expected to reach an estimated value of USD 119.51 billion in 2018, growing at a CAGR of 24.2% from 2012 to 2018.

Related Report: Microscopy Devices Market http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/microscopy-market.html

The market growth is majorly attributed to therapeutic research activities led by government support worldwide owing to the growing number of patients with chronic diseases across the globe. In addition, rising awareness of regenerative treatment options and growing importance of stem cell banking services are also fostering the growth of the market. Apart from these, development of medical tourism hubs in developing nations such as India and China and in turn migration of patients from developed nations such as the U.S. and Europe for quality treatment at significantly lower prices will also serve the market as a driver especially for the Asian stem cells market.

Related Report: Microscopes Market http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/microscopes-market.html

The stem cells market will be driven by rising proportion of patients with neurological and other chronic conditions and rising disposable incomes of patients induced by economic growth of Asian regions in the next five years In addition, increasing dependence on stem cells for drug discovery and screening will boost the growth of the market in the future. Increased outsourcing of contract research and clinical trials to developing Asian regions will further encourage growth of the stem cells market.

Browse: http://udallas.academia.edu/transparencymarketresearch/Papers

Adult stem cells held majority share of the overall stem cells market in 2011 at over 80%. This is due to less laborious procedure of harvesting, and less probability of contamination during expansion and sub-culture of adult stem cells. However, fewer post-transplant complications and lesser risk of graft vs. host reaction from the recently introduced induced pluripotent stem cells will lead to its rapid inclusion in research activities and help the global induced pluripotent stem cells market to grow at a relatively faster CAGR during the forecast period.

Regenerative medicine dominated the stem cells market by applications in 2011, and is expected to maintain its leading position till 2018. Considerable research activities and the resultant developed therapies in neurology will drive the stem cells market in the forecast period.

Browse the full report with TOC at http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/stem-cells-market.html/.

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Stem Cells Market Will Reach USD 119.51 Billion in 2018: Transparency Market Research