Category Archives: Testosterone Replacement Therapy

March 31 was International Transgender Day of Visibility. Minus a few posts online by media outlets, little was said about it this year. As a public health student, I have been wondering how marginalized communities will be negatively affected by COVID-19 and how some communities needs will be overshadowed as healthcare systems become overwhelmed and medical resources are focused on treating coronavirus patients.

Ryan Sutherland

One of the communities that will undoubtedly face increased pressure is the transgender and non-binary community as a result of restrictive coronavirus lockdowns, disrupted access to social services, barriers to prescribing and managing hormone therapy medications, and hospital decisions to halt gender-affirming surgeries.

And in some ways, stay-at-home orders and enforced social distancing policies, while they effectively reduce opportunities for viral transmission, also contribute to trans erasure and create more opportunities for the existence of members of the trans and non-binary communities to be ignored, denied or minimized. What isnt seen isnt heard, and only through increased visibility comes equal rights.

Recently, Gov. Brad Little of Idaho signed into law House Bill 500, the Fairness in Womens Sports Act, and House Bill 509, the Idaho Vital Statistics Act. H.B. 500 states that athletic teams or sports designated for females, women, or girls shall not be open to students of the male sex and that disputes can be resolved by inspecting the students reproductive anatomy, genetic makeup, or normal endogenously 19 produced testosterone levels, effectively banning female-identifying transgender athletes from performing on teams aligned with their chosen gender identity.

H.B. 509 prohibits transgender individuals from changing their gender on their birth certificates. These bills originated from complaints strikingly similar to those articulated in a recent lawsuit filed against the Connecticut Association of Schools, Connecticut Interscholastic Athletic Conference and the boards of education in Bloomfield, Cromwell, Glastonbury, Canton and Danbury aimed to block transgender athletes from participating in girls sports.

With more than 40 states that have introduced similar legislation this year, statewide stay-at-home orders and social distancing policies limit the ability for transgender activists to protest and overturn discriminatory legislation such as these bills. And the media focus on COVID-19 developments might allow this type of legislation to fall through the cracks.

Additionally, trans and non-binary workers are three times more likely to be unemployed compared to the general population, and a lack of employer-based insurance results in a disproportionate insurance coverage gap. The pandemic has only exacerbated existing disparities. The International Foundation for Employee Benefit Plans reported that transgender inclusive healthcare benefits are offered to less than one-third of U.S. employees. With widespread furloughing and unemployment in response to the pandemic, even those with insurance benefits that cover hormone replacement therapy (HRT), counseling, or gender-affirming surgery are at risk of losing coverage.

While over 3 million Americans filed for unemployment as a direct result of layoffs caused by COVID-19, applying for unemployment might create unique challenges for trans individuals who might be required to use their deadname, a name assigned at birth that has electively been changed to match their gender identity, to prove their identity on government forms this can undoubtedly be traumatizing. Furthermore, trans and non-binary individuals might be wary to seek unemployment help as waiting in long lines outside unemployment offices might put them at an increased risk of discriminatory violence.

And it is no secret that, as a result of social stigma and discrimination, the transgender population has a higher rate of unstable housing and homelessness. According to the Williams Institute, over 30% of individuals served by drop-in centers, street outreach workers, and housing programsidentified as LGBT. Unfortunately, those who are transgender and homeless are at increased risk of exploitation, violence, and abuse, and may be turned away from shelters as a result of their gender identities. As some homeless shelters close or limit occupancy to stop the spread of COVID-19, this further limits available housing options for unhoused transgender individuals.

Past negative experiences of being misgendered or refused service when seeking care or out of fears of contracting COVID-19 in healthcare settings may cause trans people to forego care. And trans individuals may be reluctant to go to hospitals and clinics to request hormone replacement therapy (HRT) treatment during the pandemic already overburdened hospitals might not have the capacity to provide sufficient social services or hormone treatments.

Furthermore, gender-confirmation surgeries, deemed non-essential and elective, have been delayed or cancelled at many U.S. hospitals due to coronavirus. Interruptions in HRT provision or postponing long-awaited gender-affirming surgeries could augment feelings of isolation and gender dysphoria and amplify psychological distress. The Trevor Projects 2019 survey reported that more than half of transgender and non-binary young people have contemplated suicide and one-third have attempted it.

The minority stress model, a social psychology theory widely adopted in public health, describes how extreme minority stress causes adverse health outcomes among stigmatized minority groups. Consistent stress, discrimination and internalized stigma faced by transgender people increases their risk of suicidality. And as health systems react to treat coronavirus patients and critical services previously available to transgender patients are interrupted or deprioritized, feelings of isolation and marginalization might further increase rates of suicide or affect transgender mental and physical health and wellbeing.

School closures might also pose unique challenges to transgender youth. With campus LGBTQ resource centers and peer support unavailable and the suspension of all school-based social activities, transgender students might feel unsupported. Furthermore, self-quarantining with abusive family members who do not affirm their trans identity can be extremely traumatizing to trans youth.

As one trans commenter pointed out on a recent Buzzfeed article, I have to make a decision about whether to stay in the UK where I study or fly back to the States to be with my parents, one of whom doesnt use my name or pronouns and has refused to do so. With campuses and dormitories closed to suppress viral transmission, some transgender students must return home to unsafe emotionally and physically abusive homes because they are left with nowhere else to go. And once there, due to enforced lockdowns, they potentially cannot leave.

Quarantine and lockdowns may also increase rates of domestic and intimate partner violence perpetuated against transgender individuals. According to conservative estimates, the National Coalition Against Sexual Violence reports that one in three women and one in nine men will experience sexual violence during their lifetime, and these estimates do not accurately capture the increased risk of sexual violence within the LGBTQ community. Lockdowns and social distancing policies, budget cuts to IPV-related social services and mental health counseling, and financial instability due to unemployment all create opportunities for abusers to perpetrate sexual violence and make it more difficult for transgender victims to leave abusive relationships or report abuse.

Lastly, conservative graphs from the Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team and others by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) show frightening estimates that up to 2.2 million Americans mainly older adults, those who are immunocompromised, or those who have other pre-existing health conditions such as diabetes or lung disease might die as a result of contracting COVID-19. Elderly trans individuals at higher risk of contracting COVID-19 might refuse help from aging providers such as meal delivery programs, senior centers, or other social programs because they are afraid of harassment or discrimination.

Furthermore, statistics show the LGBTQ community is 50% more likely to smoke than the general population, potentially resulting in increased susceptibility to respiratory failure brought on by COVID-19, a respiratory illness. Moreover, trans individuals are more likely than the general population to be diagnosed with cancer and HIV, and reduced immune function could put them at a higher risk to contract coronavirus and face harsher symptoms.

Overall, the coronavirus has not just affected the trans and non-binary communities by restricting access to gender-affirming surgeries or HRT, but has effectively reduced their visibility. Fears of being misgendered or mistreated when seeking unemployment benefits or care in healthcare settings may cause trans and non-binary people to forego seeking assistance during this crisis.

Disruptions in hormone replacement therapy (HRT), counseling, or gender-affirming surgeries and self-quarantining with abusive family members may increase psychological distress and can augment rates of suicidality. Widespread unemployment might result in a loss of employer-based insurance coverage of hormone therapy and gender-affirming surgeries and cause an increase in homelessness among this population. And transphobic legislation may pass in the absence of assembled protestors who remain sequestered at home due to public health efforts to stop the spread of the coronavirus.

While COVID-19 has had a pronounced effect on everyone, those most vulnerable, such as those in the trans community, are poised to receive the most collateral damage.

Ryan Sutherland is a Master of Public Health candidate at the Yale School of Public Health in the Social and Behavioral Science Department with a concentration in global health.

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What isn't seen isn't heard: trans and non-binary health amid COVID-19 - The CT Mirror

If you follow enough trans women on Twitter, you might have seen a panic break out earlier this week over concerns that spironolactone, a testosterone blocker that many of us take as part of hormone replacement therapy that is also widely prescribed to the general population to treat hormonal acne, increases ones risk for developing COVID-19. Thankfully, according to the medical experts VICE spoke with, there is absolutely no cause for concern.

The mess, like many before it, all began on Instagram. Ellen Marmur, a New York City dermatologist, posted a video to her feed on March 21 in which she recommends that her patients stop taking spironolactone, also called spiro. The potassium-sparing diuretic was initially developed in 1957 to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure.

I would stop spironolactone, Marmur says in the video. It is not medically necessary for acne. I am only talking about my acne patients. I would stop the spironolactone until we know further.

As Marmur explains in the video, her recommendation is based on her own research into spironolactones effect on angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which appear to serve as one possible entry point for SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that can cause COVID-19. This is not a recommendation shared by the American Academy of Dermatology, she notes at the top of the clip; she merely speaks for herself. A number of outlets ran with the recommendation shortly after Marmur posted the video to her Instagram account, which has nearly 16,000 followers at press time. Pop Sugar and RealSelf told readers that they might want to stop taking spiro as a precautionary measure against COVID-19. Neither site makes note of the key role spiro plays in trans healthcare, nor does Marmur in her Instagram video.

In the days that followed, an increasing number of trans people started sharing the RealSelf and Pop Sugar articles on social media, anxiously wondering whether a medication that many consider to be life-saving may actually be putting their lives at risk. The concern is more than valid. Trans healthcare and its impact on actual trans people has been woefully under-researched since its inception, leading many trans individuals to trust anecdotal information from other community members as much as if not more than the recommendations they get directly from providers. Given our constantly evolving understanding of the coronavirus pandemic, not to mention spiros negative reputation in many pockets of the community, we would have every reason to worry after reading RealSelf or Pop Sugars alarming and, frankly, irresponsible reporting.

VICE spoke with medical providers who oversee trans healthcare and other services at two LGBTQ community health centers, both of whom agreed that there is no reason to believe that taking spiro will make any individual, trans or cis, any more susceptible to COVID-19. The data is still inconclusive regarding the role of ACE2 receptors and coronavirus susceptibility, said Julie Thompson, Medical Director of Trans Health at Fenway Health in Boston. Asa Radix, Senior Director of Research and Education at Callen-Lorde Community Health Center in New York City, echoed Thompsons sentiments: I would not want someone to stop the medication based on no evidence.

The argument that spiro might make one more vulnerable to the virus may appear to be scientifically sound at first, with many credible citations to back it up. But in the words of Cher Horowitz, its a full-on Monet: From far away its OK, but up close? Its a big old mess. Marmurs claim likely draws on a study from 2005 about how spiro increases the activity and expression of your cells ACE2 receptors, which, as discussed earlier, are believed to be key to the novel coronavirus replication process. (Radix was skeptical about this study during our interview, noting that it only involved 10 patients.) Using a kind of transitive logic, the people making the case against spiro then connect that studys findings to current research into whether medications that affect ACE2 receptors might increase risk for COVID-19 infection. In other words, if A equals B and B equals C, then spiro might make you more susceptible to COVID-19.

The problem here is that no matter how scary that risk sounds, its still theoretical. Nobody has conclusively proven that taking spiro, or any other medication that affects our ACE2 receptors, will make us more likely to get infected. And given how long it would take to conduct a study and produce any credible evidence one way or the other, nobody will be able to conclusively prove it any time soon.

On March 17, the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the Heart Failure Society of America released a joint statement addressing concerns about ACE2 receptor-interactant medications and COVID-19 risk, telling patients to continue taking ACE inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) as prescribed. Radix of Callen-Lorde told VICE that trans people currently taking spiro should continue to do so, as well. Rather than worry about a theoretical risk, he recommended that we instead focus our attention on the very real health risks trans people will face in this pandemic.

Trans people have always had inadequate healthcare and are generally discriminated against in our systems, all of which will continue, he said. Imagine if you were a trans person whod had negative healthcare experiences, and you developed COVID-19. Youre probably sitting at home and worrying about whether you should even go to the emergency room. Those are the issues we should be concerned about: encouraging trans people to seek out healthcare if they need it.

Thats not theoretical. Thats real.

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A Dermatologist Is Creating Unnecessary Panic Around Spironolactone and COVID-19 - VICE

Financing to speed commercialization of the only FDA-approved oral treatment of its kind for testosterone deficiency1,2

NORTHBROOK, Ill., March 16, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Clarus Therapeutics, Inc., a commercial mens health specialty pharmaceutical company, announced today that it has completed a senior debt financing of up to $75M. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC acted as sole placement agent for the transaction.

Clarus will use the proceeds from this financing to accelerate the commercialization strategy and launch for JATENZO (testosterone undecanoate) capsules, CIII, the first and only FDA-approved oral softgel testosterone replacement therapy for the treatment of men with hypogonadism due to certain medical conditions. This additional investment builds on an exceptional year for the company, which includes hiring multiple key executives and making JATENZO available for patients.

We are thrilled to have this investment as we bring JATENZO to market, said Dr. Robert Dudley, Chief Executive Officer of Clarus Therapeutics, Inc. We can now fully implement JATENZOs commercialization strategy and move Clarus closer to profitability.

About HypogonadismHypogonadism, also known as testosterone deficiency, is a condition in men in which the body does not produce enough testosterone.3 Only those men who are symptomatic and have consistently low results on a reliable testosterone assay should be offered testosterone replacement therapy, according to current treatment guidelines from both the Endocrine Society and the American Urological Association.3,4 Treatment is meant to induce and maintain secondary sex characteristics and improve clinical symptoms associated with testosterone deficiency.4About Clarus Therapeutics, Inc.Clarus is a men's specialty pharmaceutical company developing and commercializing JATENZO, a product protected by patents issued in the United States and in other major pharmaceutical markets around the world. Clarus owns the worldwide, royalty-free commercialization rights for JATENZO.For more information, please visit:www.clarustherapeutics.com.

About JATENZO JATENZO is the first and only FDA-approved oral testosterone undecanoate for testosterone replacement therapy in adult males for conditions associated with a deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone: primary hypogonadism (congenital or acquired) and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (congenital or acquired).1,2

JATENZOs proprietary formulation is built around testosterone undecanoatea testosterone prodrug that the body converts to testosterone. In the JATENZO pivotal inTUne (investigational testosterone undecanoate) clinical trial, 87 percent of hypogonadal men treated with JATENZO achieved a mean total testosterone concentration in the eugonadal range at the end of treatment.1 The efficacy and safety of JATENZO was evaluated in 166 adult, hypogonadal males in a 4-month, open-label study. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with mean plasma total testosterone concentration (Cavg) over 24 hours within the normal eugonadal range on the final pharmacokinetic visit of the study.

INDICATIONJATENZO (testosterone undecanoate) capsules, CIII, is an androgen indicated for testosterone replacement therapy in adult males for conditions associated with a deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone:

Limitation of use

Safety and efficacy of JATENZO in males less than 18 years old have not been established.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNING: INCREASES IN BLOOD PRESSURE

CONTRAINDICATIONS

JATENZO is contraindicated in men with carcinoma of the breast or known or suspected carcinoma of the prostate, in women who are pregnant, in men with a known hypersensitivity to JATENZO or its ingredients, or in men with hypogonadal conditions that are not associated with structural or genetic etiologies as JATENZO has not been established for these conditions and there is a risk of increased blood pressure with JATENZO that can increase the risk of MACE.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

ADVERSE EVENTS

The most common adverse events of JATENZO (incidence 2%) are headache (5%), increased hematocrit (5%), hypertension (4%), decreased HDL (3%), and nausea (2%).

DRUG INTERACTIONS

USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

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The safety and efficacy of JATENZO in pediatric patients less than 18 years old have not been established. Improper use may result in acceleration of bone age and premature closure of epiphyses.

There have not been sufficient numbers of geriatric patients involved in controlled clinical studies utilizing JATENZO to determine whether efficacy or safety in those over 65 years of age differs from younger subjects. There is insufficient long-term safety data in geriatric patients utilizing JATENZO to assess the potentially increased risk of cardiovascular disease and prostate cancer.

Please click here for full Prescribing Information, including BOXED WARNING on increases in blood pressure.

Media ContactAmir KhanPhone: (212) 462-8767Email: Amir.Khan@Syneoshealth.com

1JATENZO (testosterone undecanoate) [prescribing information]. Clarus Therapeutics, Inc.

2US Food & Drug Administration. FDA Approved Drug Products. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=206089. Accessed October 1, 2019.

3Bhasin S, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(5):1715-1744.

4Mulhall JP, et al. J Urol. 2018;200(2):423-432.

2020 Clarus Therapeutics, Inc. All rights reserved.

JATENZO is a registered trademark of Clarus Therapeutics, Inc.

COR-US-0038 03/2020

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CLARUS THERAPEUTICS ANNOUNCES FINANCING TO SUPPORT THE COMMERCIAL LAUNCH AND AVAILABILITY OF JATENZO (TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOATE) CAPSULES, CIII FOR THE...

Testosterone therapy is intended to treat male hypogonadism (low testosterone or Low T), a condition in which the body fails to make enough hormones because of a problem with the testicles, pituitary gland or brain. A number of prescription testosterone products are available to treat hypogonadism.Testosterone productscome in different forms, including gels, injectable solutions, patches, pills and pellets implanted under the skin.

Once a patient starts testosterone therapy, the patient usually undergoes lifelong treatment. Doctors will monitor the patients hormone levels every six months to a year. Depending on the patient, the checkups may be more frequent.

Fast Facts: Use of Testosterone Therapy Over the Years

Testosterone can be administered in skin patch, skin gel, pill or cream form or as an injection, a solution applied to the armpit or a patch or a buccal system applied to the upper gum or inner cheek.

While many testosterone products areavailable only with a prescription, some drug stores and health food stores sell them over the counter. A few of these products also claim to be all-natural.

Testosterone gel is a prescription medication applied directly to a mans skin on the shoulders and upper arms and/or abdomen, depending on the brand. Testosterone gel can inadvertently transfer from your body to others and can lead to serious health reactions. To avoid such contact, apply testosterone gel to clean, dry, intact skin that will be covered by clothing. Wash your hands right away with soap and water after applying. Once the gel has dried, cover the area with clothing and keep it covered until you have washed the area well or have showered.

First approved in 1979, Depo-testosterone is one of the older drugs of its kind on the market. Its a liquid and is designed for injection deep into the gluteal muscle. The active ingredient, testosterone cypionate, is a white or creamy white powder mixed with other ingredients to make a solution. The drug is available in two strengths, 100 mg and 200 mg.

Testosterone transdermal patches, including Androderm, come as patches to apply to the skin. Patches work best when applied around the same time each night and are left in place for 24 hours. Testosterone patches are meant to be worn at all times until replaced with new patches. Androderm patches should be changed every 24 hours. The old patch should be removed before applying the new one. You should apply the patches to different spots each night and wait at least seven days before re-using a spot.

The testosterone capsules Methyltestosterone and Android have been discontinued but have been used in men and boys to treat conditions caused by lack of hormone, such as delayed puberty, and in women to treat breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Methyltestosterone is a man-made form of testosterone. It can affect bone growth in boys who are treated for delayed puberty.

Manufacturers of testosterone boosters like Testofen have touted their products as means to increase muscle mass, strength and sex drive in men. Among the most popular testosterone boosters are products that contain some combination of tribulus terrestris, DHEA, zinc and d-aspartic acid. These ingredients have been associated witha number of side effects, including aggressiveness, breast enlargement, cholesterol changes, prostate problems and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Makers of testosterone products use two types of hormones:

Bioidentical HormonesAndroGel and a number of other products contain bioidentical hormones. Scientists create bioidentical hormones in a lab to chemically match the hormone naturally made by the body. In theory, this results in fewer side effects.

Synthetic HormonesSynthetic hormones are altered from the original chemical makeup, so they do not match those made by the body. These types of drugs typically have more side effects.

Unusually high or low levels of testosterone can significantly affect a mans physical and mental health. Men typically use testosterone drugs to address a medical issue like Low T or erectile dysfunction or to enhance their physical performance

Testosterone levels in men start to spike during puberty and drop on average by 1 percent every year after age 30. Lack of this key sex hormone in older men can cause health issues, including osteoporosis, loss of muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia), and psychological symptoms. Doctors prescribe testosterone drugs to treat these symptoms.

While declining testosterone levels tend to be part of normal aging in men, others experience the dip because of disorders of the testicles, pituitary gland and brain that cause hypogonadism. Other factors such as injury to the testicles, cancer treatments, chronic diseases and stress can also contribute to low testosterone production.

TheFDAapproved testosterone as replacement therapy only for men who have low testosterone levels due to disorders that cause hypogonadism. However, the agency has said testosterone is being widely used to try to relieve symptoms in men who have low testosterone for no apparent reason other than aging a use for which the benefits and safety have not been established.

Doctors analyze testosterone levels in two categories: total testosterone and free testosterone. Most testosterone is attached to a protein called sex hormone-binding globulin (SHGB). A small amount of testosterone is free, and a small amount regularly attaches and detaches itself from a protein called albumin. Any testosterone that is not attached to SHGB is considered free testosterone.

Some men turn to testosterone to increase sex drive and treat erectile dysfunction (ED), which is the inability to get and keep erections. In fact, according to an article published by Harvard Health Publications, some doctors used it to treat ED beforePfizerreleased Viagra in 1998.

Its well established that testosterone by itself, for men with sexual dysfunction that includes erectile dysfunction, can improve erections in the majority of men who take it.

However, only about 5 percent of men experience ED solely from low testosterone. Low testosterone levels can be a contributing factor to ED but are more likely to reduce sexual desire than cause ED. Many doctors wont consider prescribing testosterone to a patient unless he presents certain other symptoms, too.

Dr. Abraham Morgentaler is an advocate of using testosterone for treating men with sexual dysfunction, including ED.

Morgentaler does admit that some men may require testosterone andViagra, however, in order to have adequate erections.

Because testosterone allows men to increase muscle mass and performance, athletes and body builders use testosterone-boosting supplements and drugs to increase strength and improve recovery time. The practice of using these drugs is called doping. Athletes use both synthetic and bioidentical supplements. Body builders in particular are known for their use of synthetic hormones to rapidly increase muscle mass.

Testosterone can help increase muscle mass in a much faster fashion. Athletes who use anabolic steroids may find that theyre able to increase their endurance and their strength by doing the same amount of training as they would otherwise, Dr. Anthony Yin, an endocrinologist at California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco, told SF Gate.

However, using performance-enhancing drugs, testosterone included, is illegal in most sports. While the drug is helpful to men who are clinically diagnosed with Low T, men who abuse these drugs solely to boost performance face a number of possible side effects.

As use of testosterone therapy has increased so has the amount of concern surrounding these products.

Some doctors say that in reality, few men are actually diagnosed with clinical hypogonadism, and that many symptoms are just a normal part of aging. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism shows record numbers of men in the U.S. are turning to testosterone therapy simply to increase their sex drive and energy levels.

Critics say that Low T is a conditionmarketed by drug companiesto increase profits. Doctors are concerned that the long-term effects have not yet been properly studied and feel there should be more agreement about what constitutes a normal testosterone level. Because testosterone therapies are not proven treatments, they caution that risks may outweigh benefits forhealthy men.

Dr. Lisa Schwartz, a professor at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, wrote a paper on drug companies marketing these hormone therapies.

Were giving people hormones that we dont know they need for a disease that we dont know they have, and we dont know if itll help them or harm them.

Over the years, men havesued the makers of testosterone productsafter using the therapies and suffering from heart attacks, strokes and blood clots. Meanwhile, researchers have conducted studies to better understand the effects of testosterone therapy.

Researchers for a year studied the effect of testosterone treatment on cognition, bone health, anemia and cardiovascular health in 788 men aged 65 or older who had low testosterone levels that couldnt be explained by anything other than age.

According to the findings, reported in February 2017 in JAMA and JAMA Internal Medicine, testosterone treatment did not have an effect on memory or cognitive abilities, though it appeared to increase hemoglobin levelsin men with anemia and improve bone density. In addition, a clinical trial found one year of testosterone treatment in men aged 65 or older with Low T was associated with a significant increase in coronary artery plaque, a risk factor for heart disease.

Studies have linked testosterone products to serious side effects, prompting the FDA to take action in recent years towarn the publicof the potential dangers of these products.

Testosterone therapy is associated with an increased risk for these health problems:

Testosterone therapy for men can be dangerous to women and children if they come in contact with the drug by touching the patients skin. This usually occurs when men use testosterone gel and the application site is exposed. Anyone who comes in contact with the application site is at risk of developing side effects.

Women can experience acne or hair growth, and if they are pregnant, the unborn baby may be harmed.

In 2009, the FDA issued a warning about adverse effects in children exposed to testosterone gels through contact with application sites. Symptoms included abnormally large genitalia (penis and clitoris), advanced bone age, early puberty and aggressive behavior. Young boys may even develop enlarged breasts. A doctor should be contacted right away if these symptoms occur.

Pets exposed to testosterone can become violent and aggressive and develop enlarged genitals.

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Testosterone Therapy Treatment Types, Uses & Risks

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Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Organization Sizes Analysis 2019-2025 - Packaging News 24

There are many positive benefits of testosterone therapy. While testosterone is the male hormone, and testosterone replacement therapy is most often used to treat men with low testosterone, you may be surprised to learn that women can benefit from testosterone therapy as well.

Even though testosterone is an androgen, or male hormone, womens bodies do make and need testosterone, albeit, not as much as men, and for different things than men do. Unlike being necessary in vast amounts to provide for the development of maleness in men, in women, testosterone is necessary for:

When a women is experiencing low testosterone, all of the above can be negatively affected.

As in men, a womans testosterone level can fluctuate throughout the day, and can be impacted by many things from diet to her menstrual cycle. However, as in their male counterparts, the most significant drain on testosterone levels in women, occurs from the impact of ageing.

When you think about hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for women, the first thought that usually comes to mind is the typical estrogen therapy that is used to treat menopausal symptoms. However, when a woman is going through menopause, along with estrogen depletion, she is also losing her ability to produce adequate amounts of testosterone. A woman with low testosterone, will have trouble producing new blood cells, maintaining her libido or sex drive, and will find it harder to build muscle and burn fat.

When this is the case she will show the signs of low testosterone. The signs and symptoms of low testosterone in woman include:

Current research indicates that women who are on estrogen replacement for menopausal symptoms, can also benefit when testosterone therapy is added as an adjunct to estrogen replacement in these women. Testosterone, when used in this way, seems to specifically help with the sexual wellness issues typical of post-menopausal women. According to Dr. Alan Malabanan, assistant professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, Studies of postmenopausal women have found that taking testosterone (often in addition to the hormone therapy women are already taking to treat menopause symptoms) increases sexual desire and pleasure compared with a placebo (inactive treatment).

In addition to helping women with the sexual health issues that often occur as they age, and testosterone levels drop, testosterone therapy has also been shown to help women in other matters of overall health and wellness. One of the most widely respected studies showing testosterones importance in maintaining a womans general health as well as sexual satisfaction was published in 2000 in the New England Journal of Medicine. Using traditionally accepted randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled methodology, this study concluded that, transdermal testosterone improves sexual function and psychological well-being. Transdermal testosterone is a form of testosterone replacement therapy that is given using transdermal (skin) patches.

In addition to increasing the libido, and increasing health and vitality overall, testosterone therapy in women can also:

Testosterone is vital to the strength, vitality, and wellbeing of both men and women. However, in women, testosterone therapy must be given with particular care. In women, testosterone therapy is rarely given alone, but is prescribed as part of an overall program of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) designed to bring all of her hormones back into proper balance.

Therefore it is imperative that any women who thinks that she may benefit from testosterone therapy, seek her treatment from a doctor, or HRT clinic that is skilled and experienced. This way, she can be sure that she will be getting the very best testosterone therapy tailored to her unique needs, body, and lifestyle.

Excerpt from:
Testosterone Replacement Therapy for Women: Pros and Cons

The Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market 2020 Industry Trends and Forecasts to 2025 is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Testosterone Replacement Therapy market. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2020 through 2025. Also, a six-year historic analysis is presented for these Testosterone Replacement Therapy businesses. The global market for Testosterone Replacement Therapy is presumed to reach about xx by 2025 from xx in 2020, joining a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of xx % during the analysis years, 2020-2025.

The report presents a primary overview of the Testosterone Replacement Therapy industry including definitions, classifications, applications, and business chain structure. And developing strategies and programs are addressed as well as manufacturing methods and cost formations.

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This report analyzing Testosterone Replacement Therapy centers on Top Companies in the global market, with capacity, production, value, income, and market share for each manufacturer, including

AbbVieAllerganBayerEli Lilly and CompanyKyowa Kirin InternationalNovartisPfizer

Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market 2020: Product Type Segment Analysis

General Type

Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market 2020: Applications Segment Analysis

Medical

Then, the Testosterone Replacement Therapy market study report concentrates on global higher leading business players with knowledge such as company profiles, product picture and specifications, sales, market share, and association information. Whats more, the Testosterone Replacement Therapy industry development trends and marketing channels are examined.

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into rare key Countries, with production, expenditure, revenue, market share, and growth rate of Testosterone Replacement Therapy in these countries, from 2020 to 2025 (forecast), similar North America, Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia, India, and China.

In a word, the Testosterone Replacement Therapy market report gives important statistics on the state of the Testosterone Replacement Therapy industry and is a helpful source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the Testosterone Replacement Therapy market.

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Table of Contents

1. Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Overview, Scope, Segment- by Types, Applications and Regions, World Market Size and of Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Country wise Status and Prospect (2015-2025).

2. Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Competition by Manufacturers- Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Production, Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2018 and 2020), Testosterone Replacement Therapy Industry Competitive Situation and Trends.

3. Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Production, Revenue (Value) by Regions (North America, EU, Japan, India, and China) (2015-2020).

4. Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Nations (2015-2020).

5. Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Types (2015-2020).

6. Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Analysis by Applications and Study of Market Drivers and Opportunities.

7. Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Manufacturers Profiles/Analysis- Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Sales Area, Testosterone Replacement Therapy Product Types, Application and Specification, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018 and 2020) and Business Overview.

8. Analysis of Testosterone Replacement Therapy Industrial Chain Analysis, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers.

10. In this report study Testosterone Replacement Therapy Marketing Channel, Positioning and Strategy Analysis and List of Testosterone Replacement Therapy Distributors/Traders.

11. Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Production and Price Forecast by Countries, Type, and Application (2020-2025).

12. Research Findings and Conclusion.

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Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Current Status, Historical Analysis and Forecast 2020 to 2025 - Fashion Trends News

The Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market report draws accurate insights by examining the latest and prospective industry trends, helping the readers recognize the products and services that are boosting revenue growth and profitability. The study performs a detailed analysis of all the significant factors impacting the market on a global and regional scale, including drivers, constraints, threats, challenges, prospects, and industry-specific trends. Additionally, the report cites worldwide certainties and endorsements, along with a downstream and upstream evaluation of leading participants.

To ask for a sample copy of the Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Report, visit:https://www.reportsanddata.com/sample-enquiry-form/229

Scope of the Report:

The report focuses on the important geographies of sale of the Testosterone replacement therapy such as North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East and Africa. The entire testosterone replacement therapy market has been categorized into three segments in this report, namely- manufacturers, regions, type and application.

Reasons to Buy the Report:

For the purpose of this report, Reports and Data has segmented the Testosterone Replacement Therapy market on the basis of type, source, animal, application, and region:

In market segmentation by types of testosterone replacement therapies, the report covers

Get Discounts on the Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Report at:https://www.reportsanddata.com/discount-enquiry-form/229

In market segmentation by applications of the testosterone replacement therapy, the report covers the following uses

Regional Outlook (Revenue in USD Million; 20162026)

Key highlights of the Testosterone Replacement Therapy market:

The report is distributed over 15 Chapters to display the analysis of the global Testosterone Replacement Therapy market.

Chapter 1 covers the Blow-Fill-Seal (BFS) technology product Introduction, product scope, market overview, market opportunities, market risk, market driving force;

Chapter 2 talks about the top manufacturers and analyses their sales, revenue and pricing decisions for the duration 2016 and 2017;

Chapter 3 displays the competitive nature of the market by discussing the competition among the top manufacturers. It dissects the market using sales, revenue and market share data for 2016 and 2017;

Chapter 4, shows the global market by regions and the proportionate size of each market region based on sales, revenue and market share of Blow-Fill-Seal (BS) technology product, for the period 2012- 2017;

Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, are dedicated to the analysis of the key regions, with sales, revenue and market share by key countries in these regions;

Browse Table of Contents with Facts and Figures of Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Report at: https://www.reportsanddata.com/report-detail/global-testosterone-replacement-therapy-market-by-manufacturers-countries-type-and-application-forecast-to-2022

We are grateful to you for reading our report. If you wish to find more details of the report or want a customization, contact us. You can get a detailed information of the entire research here. If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Continued here:
Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Insights with Latest Statistics and Growth Prediction to 2026 | AbbVie, Endo International, Eli lilly, Pfizer,...

The Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market report draws accurate insights by examining the latest and prospective industry trends, helping the readers recognize the products and services that are boosting revenue growth and profitability. The study performs a detailed analysis of all the significant factors impacting the market on a global and regional scale, including drivers, constraints, threats, challenges, prospects, and industry-specific trends. Additionally, the report cites worldwide certainties and endorsements, along with a downstream and upstream evaluation of leading participants.

To ask for a sample copy of the Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Report, visit:https://www.reportsanddata.com/sample-enquiry-form/229

Breadth of the Report:

The report focuses on the important geographies of sale of the Testosterone replacement therapy such as North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East and Africa. The entire testosterone replacement therapy market has been categorized into three segments in this report, namely- manufacturers, regions, type and application.

Reasons to Buy the Report:

For the purpose of this report, Reports and Data has segmented the Testosterone Replacement Therapy market on the basis of type, source, animal, application, and region:

In market segmentation by types of testosterone replacement therapies, the report covers

Get Discounts on the Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Report at:https://www.reportsanddata.com/discount-enquiry-form/229

In market segmentation by applications of the testosterone replacement therapy, the report covers the following uses

Regional Outlook (Revenue in USD Million; 20162026)

Key highlights of the Testosterone Replacement Therapy market:

The report is distributed over 15 Chapters to display the analysis of the global Testosterone Replacement Therapy market.

Chapter 1 covers the Blow-Fill-Seal (BFS) technology product Introduction, product scope, market overview, market opportunities, market risk, market driving force;

Chapter 2 talks about the top manufacturers and analyses their sales, revenue and pricing decisions for the duration 2016 and 2017;

Chapter 3 displays the competitive nature of the market by discussing the competition among the top manufacturers. It dissects the market using sales, revenue and market share data for 2016 and 2017;

Chapter 4, shows the global market by regions and the proportionate size of each market region based on sales, revenue and market share of Blow-Fill-Seal (BS) technology product, for the period 2012- 2017;

Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, are dedicated to the analysis of the key regions, with sales, revenue and market share by key countries in these regions;

Browse Table of Contents with Facts and Figures of Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Report at: https://www.reportsanddata.com/report-detail/global-testosterone-replacement-therapy-market-by-manufacturers-countries-type-and-application-forecast-to-2022

We are grateful to you for reading our report. If you wish to find more details of the report or want a customization, contact us. You can get a detailed information of the entire research here. If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Original post:
Key Emerging Trends in Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market 2020 | AbbVie, Endo International, Eli lilly, Pfizer, Others - Feed Road

High levels of the sex hormone testosterone may trigger different health problems in men and women, a new study reveals.

In women, testosterone may increase the risk for type 2 diabetes, while in men it lowers that risk. But high levels of testosterone increase the risk for breast and endometrial cancer in women and prostate cancer in men, the researchers reported.

"Our findings provide unique insights into the disease impacts of testosterone. In particular, they emphasize the importance of considering men and women separately in studies, as we saw opposite effects for testosterone on diabetes," said lead researcher Katherine Ruth, of the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom.

"Caution is needed in using our results to justify use of testosterone supplements until we can do similar studies of testosterone with other diseases, especially cardiovascular disease," Ruth explained in a University of Cambridge news release.

Dr Joel Zonszein, an emeritus professor of medicine at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City, said there is a "sweet spot" of normal values for men and women. "Too much is not good, and too little is also bad," he explained.

"Testosterone supplementation is widely used in both men and women with normal values with no good evidence of benefit. Testosterone replacement in truly deficient individuals is something else," said Zonszein, who had no role in the study.

For the study, British researchers collected genetic data on more than 425 000 men and women listed in the UK Biobank. The investigators found more than 2 500 genetic variations associated with levels of testosterone and the protein that binds it sex hormone-binding globulin.

The researchers checked their results with analyses of other relevant studies and used a randomisation method to see if associations between testosterone and disease are causal.

In women, a high level of testosterone was tied to a 37% increased risk for type 2 diabetes and a 51% increased risk for polycystic ovary syndrome.

In men, however, a high testosterone level was linked to a 14% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, the findings showed.

"The findings in men that higher testosterone has a protective effect and reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes is news to me," Zonszein said. "This needs to be shown by other studies and its mechanism needs to be elucidated."

Dr Minisha Sood, an endocrinologist at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City, said that testosterone may not be as protective in women because it converts to estradiol, which is related to the risk for breast cancer.

"High levels of testosterone in women have also been shown to increase visceral fat, which is linked to the components of metabolic syndrome," Sood said.

That men with high testosterone are at lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes is likely related to having more lean muscle mass, which improves insulin sensitivity and reduces the likelihood of type 2 diabetes, she said.

But Sood isn't a fan of men using testosterone supplements to ward off diabetes.

"Testosterone therapy comes with potential risks, including a high red blood cell count and higher rates of high-grade prostate cancer if a man is already predisposed to develop prostate cancer," she said.

Obese men or those with type 2 diabetes would benefit more from lifestyle changes to improve testosterone levels, namely, weight loss, healthy diet and exercise.

"This approach is preferred in that population over testosterone replacement whenever possible," Sood said.

The report was published in the journal Nature Medicine.

Image credit: iStock

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How high testosterone levels have different health outcomes for men and women - Health24