Category Archives: Virginia Stem Cells

Richmond, Virginia (PRWEB) February 20, 2015

ACL tears are a common knee injury that can cause pain and instability, with over 200,000 cases annually in the United States. Orthopedic surgeon and knee and shoulder specialist Dr. Vic Goradia, is providing evolutionary treatments for patients at G2 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine with a new, less invasive tissue sparing ACL Preservation procedure - and OrthoBiologics are often a key component used to further improve the healing process.

For the past 30 years, surgeons have been treating ACL tears with what is known as an ACL reconstruction. During an ACL reconstruction, the surgeon completely removes the damaged ACL tissue from the knee, drills tunnels through the bone and inserts a graft. But with ACL Preservation surgery, if the ACL tears away from the bone, it is re-attached arthroscopically and injected with either PRP or Stem Cells- both of which come from the patient. ACL Preservation allows you to preserve your ACL tissue with a goal of faster recovery times, less pain, and ultimately providing a more natural feeling in your knee.

Less invasive orthopedic treatments, a focus on preservation, and the adoption of OrthoBiologics in the healing process is changing how orthopedics are delivered, and it parallels the evolution of Dr. Goradias own practice.

Orthobiologics support or enhance the bodys own natural ability to heal itself and can play an important role in treating acl, rotator cuff, meniscal, and cartilage injuries along with a variety of other common orthopedic conditions (arthritis, sprains, strains, tendonitis and inflammation) with outcomes that provide a continued quality of life. When surgery is needed, the evolution of arthroscopic techniques, modern imaging and the technical precision of modern surgical techniques have dramatically improved outcomes in orthopedics.

According to Dr. Goradia, OrthoBiologics is likely to be the greatest orthopedic advancement in the 21st century, as it will allow us to promote and stimulate the body to heal itself sometimes without surgery. The research in this field is very active and what we are doing today will change over time. This is why it is so important for me as a clinician to stay involved in the field on both a regional and national level where I have access to the latest information.

Two examples of the importance of staying current are ACL Preservation Surgery and Biocartilage, which were hardly known just 1-2 years ago. Today, Dr. Goradia is able to perform a much less invasive procedure for many acl tears and a more effective procedure for cartilage loss.

Continued advancements in the integration of OrthoBiologics with traditional procedures suggest an exciting future for the treatment abilities of orthopedic medicine and surgery.

Dr. Vipool K. Vic Goradia is certified by the American Board of Orthopedic Surgery with a Certificate of Added Qualifications (CAQ) in Sports Medicine. He specializes in sports medicine, arthroscopic surgery and joint replacement. Dr. Goradia has given over 100 national presentations, regularly teaches advanced arthroscopic and related surgeries to other surgeons across the U.S. and beyond and has received several national awards for his research.

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New ACL Preservation at G2 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

Health and Medicine for Seniors

Most cancers are just bad luck, others from bad genes, environment

Best way to eradicate these cancers will be through early detection, when they are still curable by surgery

See full-body graphics below in story.

Jan. 4, 2015 Two thirds of cancers in adults are just bad luck and the rest are due to inherited genes and environmental factors, according to scientists from the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center. They created a statistical model that measures the proportion of cancer incidence, across many tissue types, caused mainly by random mutations that occur when stem cells divide.

All cancers are caused by a combination of bad luck, the environment and heredity, and weve created a model that may help quantify how much of these three factors contribute to cancer development, says Bert Vogelstein, M.D., the Clayton Professor of Oncology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, co-director of the Ludwig Center at Johns Hopkins and an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Cancer-free longevity in people exposed to cancer-causing agents, such as tobacco, is often attributed to their good genes, but the truth is that most of them simply had good luck, adds Vogelstein, who cautions that poor lifestyles can add to the bad luck factor in the development of cancer.

The implications of their model range from altering public perception about cancer risk factors to the funding of cancer research, they say.

If two-thirds of cancer incidence across tissues is explained by random DNA mutations that occur when stem cells divide, then changing our lifestyle and habits will be a huge help in preventing certain cancers, but this may not be as effective for a variety of others, says biomathematician Cristian Tomasetti, Ph.D., an assistant professor of oncology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health.

We should focus more resources on finding ways to detect such cancers at early, curable stages, he adds.

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Most cancers are just bad luck, others from bad genes, environment

The raging tire fire that is the Chicago Bears continued to move their tragic comedy from the field to Halas Hall, benching Jay Cutler, a guy who, no matter what you think of him, is statistically the best quarterback the team has employed since Sid Luckman strapped on a leather helmet.

This has created an amazing choose-your-own-adventure narrative for the hordes of mentally unbalanced trolls that make up Americas sports talk radio audience.

If you hate Jay Cutler, he was benched for his poor performance and you have chosen the fantasy that even a single soul in the NFL believes Jimmy Clausen could be a better choice. Should your particular disdain be for Marc Trestman, then this is him peeing in the punch bowl.

If you hate Virginia McCaskey and/or the Bears organization, then you are digging the story that this is to keep him healthy so the penurious old battle axe doesnt have to pay him money he would be due if injured.

No matter which line youre buying, the beautiful thing is there is just no shortage of hate to go around. It is the holidays, after all.

On the subject of rejuvenation, maybe the Bears can learn something from Mr. Hockey, also known as Gordie Howe, a man who played professional hockey in five separate decades. At 86, hes reportedly showing a miraculous response to stem cell treatment in Mexico to repair damage from a two major strokes.

The good news is Mexico is a neighboring country where you can pick up some cheap Tequila and blankets while on a medical vacation. The bad news is that we live in a country guided by religious zealots and wont be able to legalize stem cell research here unless Mr. Hockey straps on the skates and plays in the NHL again.

Our sports teams just dont have stars like Mr. Howe any longer. And speaking of missing stars, Ald. Deb Mell seems to have eliminated some major event in Chicago history.

Is she one of the growing number of Chicagoans who doubts the existence of Fort Dearborn? Perhaps she denies that the Army Corps of Engineers ever reversed the flow of the Chicago River?

The Chicago Flag has four starsthough perhaps one is being hand-picked by Rahm Emanuel to fill the empty slot.

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The Week That Was: Bear Down

Big visions for cell biology prompted Paul Allen to launch the Allen Institute for Cell Science, and new director Rick Horwitz explains its new way of seeing cells.

Cell biologist Rick Horwitz will be the first director of the Allen Institute of Cell Science in Seattle, moving from his faculty job at the University of Virginia.

We have not been seeing cells as they really are, says Rick Horwitz, and it is time for that to change. Traditional laboratories focus on one or two aspects of cells, and not on the way the hundreds of different pieces of molecular machinery within the cell affect one another. To improve that perspective, Horwitz is leaving his cell biology lab at the University of Virginia to become the inaugural director of the Allen Institute for Cell Science in Seattle. The enterprise is being started today with a gift of $100 million from philanthropist Paul Allen, and will join the Allen Institute for Brain Science. Horwitz says the institute will kick off a large project, the Allen Cell Observatory, creating animated models of cells combined with an enormous database of cell parts that allows users to zoom into the genes and proteins that make these parts work in health and disease. It will be rather like a Google Maps for cells, he says. Horwitz spoke with Scientific American to describe the project, the new institute, and his hopes for the ways they can transform cell biology. [What follows is an edited version of the conversation.] What do we not know about cells? Scientists have been studying them for a long time. Cells are so very complicated, and we do not have any predictive models of their behavior and how that gets disturbed in disease. The cell comprises hundreds and hundreds of molecular machines, organelles like mitochondria and ribosomes. We do not know how genetic alterations in these machines change how they affect each other in time and space, and how that produces diseases like cancer. For example, a lot of cancer seems to be related to activities in the wrong place in the cell, at the wrong time. What has been holding scientists back? Traditionally, academic labs focus on small subsets of molecules, or small sets of cell activities. But to understand and predict cell behavior, you really need the overview. How many mitochondria are in a cell, for instance? How many ribosomes? When do they change in the cell cycle? How are these changes related to one another? We need to study them together because the cell is really an integrated system. How will the Allen Cell Observatory allow this? We want to create animated, visual models of the cell. We need to see how changes affect cells spatially and temporally. But why animation? The literature in cell biology has been presented as long stretches of text. Its like reading the phone book. What we want is something closer to Google Maps. We want to zoom in and see protein-scale structures. We want to zoom out and see connections between organelles. That will be very powerful. We can use this to build predictive models. At the moment, I havent heard anyone make a bold prediction about cell behavior that turned out to be right. But once you see how a cell behaves normally, you can perturb one gene, or a set of genes, and see how that affects the life of that cell. That calls for sophisticated IT, a big database, new biosensors, and new cell assays to measure activity. This is not happening elsewhere in cell biology? Not really. A lot of research now is trying to be very translational, focused on helping people with different diseases. We are building tools and infrastructure that will be open-access and available to everyone. We are not trying to develop a drug. So we are not restricted by funds that are only supposed to go to developing treatments. I think what we are doing will lead to treatments, but we need to build the basic tools to understand cells first. What cells will you use? Thats a very big deal. Weve decided to use human induced pluripotent stem cells. They can differentiate into any number of cell types, and they can go anywhere in the body. We think we can get pretty close to a real-life situation. But actually picking the right line of cells is going to be tricky. Why so tricky? If you pick the wrong cell line and it has an aberration, youll end up with a lot of very wrong stuff. We think that we will study three to five different lines and see if we keep getting consistent results. Then well figure out what to do next. When will you get started, and how long will it take before you get results? We will move into our new building in Seattle in the fall of 2015, and between now and then well be looking to hire about 75 people to work at the institute. Once were moved in and working, I think well be able to report significant progress in three years.

2014 Scientific American, a Division of Nature America, Inc.

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Billionaire's New Science Institute Plans 'Google Maps' View Of Cells

Miniature stomachs which measure just 3mm wide have been created by scientists to help replicate how diseases develop in the tummy.

The organoids have been created from stem cells and could be used to help develop new treatments in the future.

They have a complex 3D structure and are lined with various kinds of functioning cell mimicking those of a real stomach.

In tests, scientists used the tiny stomachs to study infection by Helicobacter pylori, the bacteria linked to peptic ulcers and stomach cancer.

Potentially the organoids offer a better way to study human stomach diseases and drug treatments than animals, whose gut physiology is unlike that of humans.

Stem cell scientists have previously generated gut organoids mimicking the intestine, and brain organoids containing nerve tissue.

The latest research appears in the journal Nature.

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Ridiculously tiny stomachs created for disease experiments

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Newswise KANSAS CITY, MO Scientists at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have made a surprising finding about the aggregates of misfolded cellular proteins that have been linked to aging-related disorders such as Parkinsons disease. The researchers report their results in the October 16, 2014 online issue of the journal Cell.

Using 3-D time-lapse movies to track the fate of misfolded proteins in yeast cells, the researchers determined that about 90 percent of aggregates form on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a location of protein synthesis in the cell. It had been thought that misfolded proteins spontaneously clump together in the cytosol, the fluid component of a cells interior.

Our findings have challenged the notion of the aggregation process as a passive consequence of accumulating misfolded proteins, says Stowers Investigator Rong Li, Ph.D., who led the study. Using budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae, a frequently used laboratory model in aging research, Stowers scientists experimentally used heat and other forms of stress to induce misfolded proteins to clump together.

Li and collaborators also found that the aggregation of misfolded proteins on the ER surface depends on the active synthesis of proteins by ribosomes. These molecular machines translate the cells recipes for proteins. Guided by the recipe, the ribosome generates a linear polypeptide chain, the initial form of a protein.

The newly synthesized polypeptide folds into a distinctive three-dimensional structure resulting in a protein with a functional shape. Proteins that fail to fold correctly cannot perform their biological functions and are potentially toxic to cells. Thus, the aggregation of misfolded or unfolded proteins may help protect the cell and prevent their transfer to daughter cells during cell division, said Chuankai Zhou, a predoctoral researcher in the Li lab and first author of the paper.

In addition to determining that protein aggregation is regulated and requires active translation, Stowers scientists revealed that the mitochondria, the cells powerhouses, play a key role in the mobility of these protein aggregates. We found the majority of aggregates on the surface of ER were in regions where ER and mitochondria come together, which is surprising but fits well with the view of regulated aggregation, says Zhou.

The current study builds upon previous research, published by the Li lab in 2011 in Cell, that revealed that most aggregates of unfolded proteins are retained by the mother yeast cell during the asymmetric cell division that characterizes this organism as well as stem cells. Budding yeast reproduce when only a small growth out of the mother yeast cell, a bud, becomes a daughter cell.

In the current paper, the scientists identified the quality control mechanism that limits the spreading of the misfolded protein aggregates to the bud and thereby the daughter cell. During the mitosis stage of budding yeasts division, aggregates of abnormal protein are tethered to well-anchored mitochondria in the mother cell. As a result, the mitochondria acquired by the bud are largely free of the abnormal aggregates.

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Misfolded Proteins Clump Together in a Surprising Place

The 2014 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine has gone to three scientists who discovered brain cells that help us stay orientedour "inner GPS." Announced Monday, the award kicks off the annual salute to human accomplishment that is Nobel week, including Friday's announcement of the Nobel Peace Prize. (See: "Nobel Prize a Reminder of How the Brain Can Surprise Us.")

The ritual of Nobel speculation, particularly about who will win the three science prizes, got the editors at National Geographic thinking: What amazing discoveries haven't won? We asked our Phenomena science bloggers, science editors, and select contributors to pick their favorite advance or invention that was passed over.

Here are their ten picks for discoveries and inventions that haven't won a Nobel, but sorely deserve one.

The World Wide Web

When the National Geographic folks asked what discovery deserves the Nobel Prize but never won, my first instinct was to ask my followers on Twitter. After they gave me a few candidates, I Googled "Velcro" and "dark matter" and "embryonic stem cells" and read about these discoveries.

Then it occurred to me: What could be more deserving of the Nobel Prize than the invention I had so relied on to learn about inventions?

Beginning in the 1960s, researchers in the U.S. federal government created computer communication networks that would evolve into the Internet. But I'd give the Nobel to British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee, who in 1989 proposed the idea for the World Wide Web and in 1990 created the first website (a page describing the Web).

The Web democratizes information, whether dumb videos of dancing cats or brave tweets from the Arab Spring. And information is power.

Virginia Hughes, Phenomena blog: Only Human

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Why Didn't They Win? 10 Huge Discoveries Without a Nobel Prize

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Cell Stem Cell Protocol Review - Medicine School of ...

Fetal stem cells

The embryo is referred to as a fetus after the eighth week of development. The fetus contains stem cells that are pluripotent and eventually develop into the different body tissues in the fetus.

Adult stem cells present in all humans in small numbers. The adult stem cell is one of the class of cells that we have been able to manipulate quite effectively in the bone marrow transplant arena over the past 30 years. These are stem cells that are largely tissue-specific in their location. Rather than typically giving rise to all of the cells of the body, these cells are capable of giving rise only to a few types of cells that develop into a specific tissue or organ. They are therefore known as multipotent stem cells. Adult stem cells are sometimes referred to as somatic stem cells.

The best characterized example of an adult stem cell is the blood stem cell (the hematopoietic stem cell). When we refer to a bone marrow transplant, a stem cell transplant, or a blood transplant, the cell being transplanted is the hematopoietic stem cell, or blood stem cell. This cell is a very rare cell that is found primarily within the bone marrow of the adult.

One of the exciting discoveries of the last years has been the overturning of a long-held scientific belief that an adult stem cell was a completely committed stem cell. It was previously believed that a hematopoietic, or blood-forming stem cell, could only create other blood cells and could never become another type of stem cell. There is now evidence that some of these apparently committed adult stem cells are able to change direction to become a stem cell in a different organ. For example, there are some models of bone marrow transplantation in rats with damaged livers in which the liver partially re-grows with cells that are derived from transplanted bone marrow. Similar studies can be done showing that many different cell types can be derived from each other. It appears that heart cells can be grown from bone marrow stem cells, that bone marrow cells can be grown from stem cells derived from muscle, and that brain stem cells can turn into many types of cells.

Medically Reviewed by a Doctor on 1/23/2014

Stem Cells - Experience Question: Please describe your experience with stem cells.

Stem Cells - Umbilical Cord Question: Have you had your child's umbilical cord blood banked? Please share your experience.

Stem Cells - Available Therapies Question: Did you or someone you know have stem cell therapy? Please discuss your experience.

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Stem Cells Symptoms, Causes, Treatment - Fetal stem cells ...