genetic engineering – Kids | Britannica Kids | Homework Help

In genetic engineering, scientists combine fragments, or parts, of DNA from different organisms. One way they do this is by cutting and rejoining genes. First, they take DNA from one organism, called the donor, and cut out the gene that they want to use. Next, they join that gene with the DNA of another organism. The result is DNA that has traits of both organisms. This new DNA is called recombinant DNA.

To make more copies of recombinant DNA, scientists may place it inside bacteria. When the bacteria reproduces, the DNA also is reproduced. This process is called gene cloning.

There are several ways to produce a fully grown plant or animal that contains recombinant DNA. Bacteria carrying the DNA may be allowed to infect plant cells. The cells then develop into plants with traits of both original organisms. Recombinant DNA also may be injected into the egg cells of animals. The eggs then grow into animals with the desired traits.

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genetic engineering - Kids | Britannica Kids | Homework Help