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Diabetes in Latino children linked to air pollution study – RT.com – RT

Posted: February 9, 2017 at 8:46 am

Hundreds of Latino children who were studied for over a decade faced a heightened risk of developing Type 2 diabetes after exposure to nitrogen dioxide and tiny pollutants from cars and power plants, a new report finds.

A recent study from scientists at the University of Southern California (USC) tracked 314 overweight Latino children living in areas with high levels of air pollution, and found they had an increased risk of contracting Type 2 diabetes.

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The study is the first to find a correlation between air pollution and diabetes risk.

The children who participated in the study came from areas that, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), have excess nitrogen dioxide and tiny air pollution particles that are created from automobiles and power plants. Over 12 years of testing, scientists found that chronic exposure to these conditions was linked to a breakdown of insulin-creating cells in the pancreas, called beta cells, which help maintain blood sugar levels.

Every year, the children were asked to fast before they came into the Childhood Obesity Research Center at USC, where scientists measured their glucose and insulin levels. They found that when the children turned 18 years old, they had about 36 percent more insulin than normal, meaning their bodies were becoming less responsive to insulin.

"It has been the conventional wisdom that this increase in diabetes is the result of an uptick in obesity due to sedentary lifespans and calorie-dense diets," Frank Gilliland, senior author said in the study. "Our study shows air pollution also contributes to Type 2 diabetes risk."

The team at USC concluded that long-term exposure to air pollution had a greater effect than gaining 5 percent body weight.

The study suggests that people who want to reduce their risk should avoid exposure to air pollution as much as possible, especially young children and infants.

"Air pollution is ubiquitous, especially in Los Angeles," Alderete said. "It's important to consider the factors that you can control for example, being aware that morning and evening commute times might not be the best time to go for a run. Change up your schedule so that you're not engaging in strenuous activity near sources of pollutants or during peak hours."

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also suggests that people can lower their chances of contracting diabetes by knowing the risk factors associated with diabetes such as an unhealthy diet, a lack of physical activity, a family history of diabetes, certain socioeconomic conditions and race.

According to the CDC, Hispanics are 50 percent more likely to die from diabetes than whites.

The study cautions that their findings may be generalized only to overweight Latino children of a lower socioeconomic status.

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Study: Air Pollution Is Linked to Diabetes in Overweight Latino … – NBCNews.com

Posted: February 9, 2017 at 8:46 am

A view of the Los Angeles city skyline as heavy smog shrouds the city in 2015. Mark Ralston / AFP/Getty Images

"Exposure to heightened air pollution during childhood increases the risk for Hispanic children to become obese and, independent of that, to also develop Type 2 diabetes," said Michael Goran, who worked on the study.

The children who participated in the study lived in areas that, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, had excess nitrogen dioxide and tiny air pollution particles that are generated by vehicles and power plants.

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By the time the children turned 18, their insulin-creating pancreatic cells were 13 percent less efficient than normal, making them more vulnerable to developing Type 2 diabetes, Goran's team found.

They also had nearly 27 percent higher blood insulin after having fasted for 12 hours. During their two-hour glucose test, had about 26 percent more insulin than normal, showing the body was using insulin less efficiently.

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The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health and published in the journal Diabetes, is the first to connect air pollution and diabetes risk in children. The findings, however, may be generalized only to overweight and obese Latino children, mostly of a lower socioeconomic status.

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Four Artificial Pancreas Trials for Type 1 Diabetes Move Forward – TIME

Posted: February 9, 2017 at 8:46 am

The iLet, a device being tested by Ed Damiano of Boston University.Ed Damiano

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has announced that is funding four last-stage clinical trials of artificial pancreas devices, which automate blood sugar control for people with type 1 diabetes . If the trials go well, the groups could seek approval from federal authorities.

These are the latest steps in a race to make a device that eliminates the need for daily finger pricks and careful blood sugar control for people with the condition. There have been promising recent developments: In October, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first artificial pancreas device in the United States, which monitors a person's blood sugar levels and automatically provides insulin if needed. However, people using that device still need to manually request more insulin after they eat.

The ideal device would require no human input whatsoever, which is what the four new studies are testing this year and next. The devices vary in approach, but all aim to limit the amount of time a person with diabetes, or their caregiver, has to manage changes in blood sugar levels.

One of the studies slated to begin in mid-2018 will be led by Dr. Steven Russell of the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and Ed Damiano of Boston University. It will enroll 312 people ages 18 and older who will spend six months testing a bionic pancreas , which uses both insulin and another hormone called glucagon to keep levels stable throughout the day.

Damiano began developing his bionic pancreas after his son was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, as TIME explained in a 2015 profile . Damiano says he wants the device approved so his son doesn't have to constantly think about managing his disease.

For many people with type 1 diabetes, the realization of a successful, fully automated artificial pancreas is a dearly held dream," said Dr. Griffin Rodgers, director of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, in a statement . "Nearly 100 years since the discovery of insulin, a successful artificial pancreas would mark another huge step toward better health for people with type 1 diabetes.

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Unsung: Jewel Plummer Cobb – Undark Magazine

Posted: February 8, 2017 at 8:49 am

Over the course of 2016, we lost a great many pioneers, not only in the world of music, film and entertainment, but also in science and technology. On the first day of the new year, we said goodbye to another unsung hero Dr. Jewel Plummer Cobb.

I first learned about Dr. Cobb from a 1989 essay she authored titled A Life in Science: Research and Service, published in the journal SAGE A Scholarly Journal of Black Women. (Another article featured in that issue was an essay penned by STEM pioneer Dr. Evelyn Boyd Granville.) Cobbs essay was an empowering narrative of academic persistence and detailed the challenges and triumphs of being a woman of color in a STEM career.

Cobb was indeed a trailblazer for women in the sciences, a prolific researcher in biology and the first African American woman west of the Mississippi to serve as president of a large research institution. Still today, there are very few African American women leading research institutions and few people of color holding any sort of STEM leadership positions in academia. Thus, I proudly tell the story of cell biologist, educator and college president, Dr. Jewel Plummer Cobb, another Unsung STEM hero and pioneer.

Cobb was born in Chicago in January of 1924. Her father Frank V. Plummer was a physician specializing in dermatology. Her mother Caribelle Cole Plummer was a physical education teacher.

After graduating from Englewood High School, Cobb enrolled at the University of Michigan in 1941 to pursue a degree in biology. She described her experiences at Michigan in her 1989 essay in SAGE. The choice of Michigan socially, on one level, was also a good one in one way. For example, at that time over 200 Black students (over half of whom were graduate students), attended the university. Many were from the South where they could not, as Black students, be admitted to their state university or study for a professional degree. So those southern states paid the tuition and other fees for those students to study in the North.

However, Cobb experienced some challenges at Michigan as well. The choice of the University of Michigan, as well as Illinois and other Big Ten Universities, was a disaster for Black students then, however, in terms of dormitory living arrangements, she wrote in that same essay. As a result, she transferred in 1942 to Talladega College in Alabama to complete her undergraduate degree in biology. From there, Cobb enrolled in the graduate biology program at New York University. She earned her masters in 1947 and her Ph.D. in 1950 under the direction of biochemistry professor M.J. Kopak. Cobbs dissertation research focused on the investigations of melanin pigments using the enzyme tyrosinase.

Jewel Plummer Cobb was a 2008 inductee to Connecticut Womens Hall of Fame.

In July of 1950, Cobb received a postdoctoral fellowship sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and accepted a position at the Harlem Hospital Cancer Research Foundation, led by Dr. Louis T. Wright. (Wright, a 1915 graduate of Harvard Medical School, was the first African American surgeon at Harlem Hospital.) Cobbs experiences at Harlem Hospital laid the foundation for her 31-year career focused on cancer research.

She started out investigating the effects of a new chemotherapy agent, triethylenemelamine, on human tumor cells. She co-authored two papers with Wright, and a third with him and his daughter Jane, who was a trailblazer and pioneer in cancer research as well. After the death of her father, Dr. Jane C. Wright established a fruitful collaboration with Cobb focused on fundamental cell research, which led to a paper published in the journal Cancer in 1957. Cobbs research collaborators included other female scientists Grace Antikajian and Dorothy G. Walker

In 1954, she married Roy Cobb. The couple later divorced, but had one son, Jonathan.

Over the course of her career, Cobb held several positions in academia, including at the University of Illinois, New York University, and Sarah Lawrence College. However, in 1969 she officially began her career as an academic administrator, when she was appointed Dean of Arts and Sciences and professor of zoology at Connecticut College.

In 1976, Cobb served as the Dean of Douglass College and as a professor of biology at Rutgers University. In 1981, she was named the third president of California State University, Fullerton until her retirement in 1990. During her tenure, CSU-Fullerton saw significant growth, including campus dormitories, new science and engineering facilities, and progressive policies to increase the numbers of women and people of color in the STEM disciplines.

In addition to her contributions to the field of cancer research and as an advocate for diversity in STEM, Cobb received numerous awards and accolades, including appointment to the National Science Board, which establishes the policies of the National Science Foundation.

Sibrina Collins is an organometallic chemist and former writer and editor for the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington, D.C. In July, 2016, she became the first executive director of the Marburger STEM Center at Lawrence Technological University in Southfield, Michigan.

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Will Biotechnology Regulations Squelch Food and Farming Innovation? – Genetic Literacy Project

Posted: February 8, 2017 at 8:49 am

Jon Entine, Executive Director, Genetic Literacy Project,oversaw the assignments and the editing of this series

INTRODUCTION:

Genetically engineered crops and animals (GMOs) have been a controversial public issue since the first products were introduced in the 1990s. They have posed unique challenges for governments to regulate. Although most working scientists in the field hold the opinion that genetic engineering, for the most part, is part of a continuum of the human manipulation of our food supply thats gone on for thousands of years, critics contend differently.

Many crop biotechnology skeptics frame their concerns in quasi-religious terms, as a violation of nature or fears that the increased use of GE foods will lead to a corporate takeover of our seed and food systems, and the adoption of an ecologically destructive industrialized agriculture system. GMOs have become a symbol of the battle over what our global, regional and local food systems should look like going forward.

The clout of the food movement that vocally rejects many aspects of conventional farming has exponentially increased since then, promoted by mainstream journalists, scientists and non-profit groups from Michael Pollan to Consumers Union to the Environmental Working Group. Organic leaders and lobbyists, such as Gary Hirshberg, founder of Stonyfield Organics and Just Label It, openly demonize conventional food and farming in defiance of their commitments agreed to in the 1990s that organic food would not be promoted at the expense of conventional agriculture. Attempts to reign in the unchecked influence of the conventional food critics have repeatedly failed; over much of the past decade, theyve had a sympathetic ear in Washington. Partly in response to the prevailing winds, the USDA has evolved increasingly byzantine regulatory structures when it comes to new GE products.

The Genetic Literacy Project 10-part series Beyond the Science II (Beyond the Science I can be viewed here) commences with this introductory article. Leading scientists, journalists and social scientists explore the ramifications of genetic engineering and so-called new breeding technologies (NBTs), specifically gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR. We will post two articles each week, on Tuesday and Wednesday, over the next 5 weeks.

Regulation is at the heart of this ongoing debate. Many scientists and entrepreneurs have come to view the two key agencies regulating GE in the United States the Food and Drug Administration and Department of Agriculture as places where innovation goes to die. Thats an exaggeration, but not without some truth; regulations are inherently political, and the winds have been blowing against technological breakthroughs in agriculture for much of the last decade. On average, it takes upwards of $125 million and 7-10 years for the Agriculture Department to approve a trait, exhausting almost half of a new products 20-year patent protection. No wonder the agricultural sector is consolidating, and most new products are innovated by larger corporations.

The regulatory climate may be changing, perhaps radically, in the United States and possibly in the United Kingdom, as the result of recent elections.

Many of the old rules and regulations regulating GE crops were set up in the 1980s and early 1990s. They are arguably creaky, overly-restrictive and do not account for dramatic increases in our understanding of how genetic engineering works and the now clear consensus on their safety.

Now with NBTs, which are largely unregulated since the techniques were not foreseen 30 years ago when regulations were first formulated, agricultural genetic research is at an inflection point: Will governments make the same mistake that they did previously and regulate innovation almost out of existence, or will they incorporate reasonable risk-risk and risk-benefit calculations in evaluating which technological advances should proceed with limited regulations?

Decisions on these issues will shape not only food and farming in Europe, North America and the industrialized nations, but the food insecure developing world, which looks to the West for regulatory guidance.

Gene Editing and Animals

The second article in our series, by University of California animal geneticist Alison Van Eenennaam, addresses the challenges of regulating genetically engineered animals. She focuses on dehorned cows, which have been developed without gene editing over many years with, at times, less than optimal results. Should gene editing be evaluated on a case-by-case basis triggered by the novelty of the traits, or should the entire process be heavily regulated the general approach favored by the European Union in regulating more conventional genetic engineering?

Pesticide Debate: How Should Agricultural Chemicals Be Regulated to Encourage Sustainability?

Dave Walton, an Iowa farmer, discusses the brouhaha that has erupted in recent years over the use of glyphosate, the active ingredient in the weed killer originally developed under patent by Monsanto. Many GMO critics are now expressing concerns over pesticide use in conventional agriculture, using glyphosate as a proxy for attacking the technology. Are their concerns appropriate? Walton, who grows both GE and non-GE crops and is director of the Iowa Soybean Association, has used glyphosate on his farm since the introduction of herbicide resistant crops in 1996. He uses on average a soda-sized cup of glyphosate per acre, and the use of the herbicide has allowed him to switch from more toxic chemicals. Most strikingly he discusses the sustainability impact if a glyphosate ban is imposed, as many activists are calling for.

Plant pathologist Steve Savage challenges us to think in a more nuanced way about a popular belief that organic farming is ecologically superior to conventional agriculture. The Agricultural Department has been a fractious mess in recent years in its efforts to oversee and encourage new breeding technologies. When the Clinton administration oversaw the founding of the National Organics Standards Board in 1995, USDA officials extracted the commitment from organic industry that the alternative farming system would not be promoted at the expense of conventional agriculture. After all, study after study, then and now, has established that organic farming offers no safety nor clear ecological benefits.

Let me be clear about one thing, said former Secretary of Agriculture Dan Glickman in December 2000. The organic label is not a statement about food safety, nor is organic a value judgment about nutrition or quality.

But thats not whats happened.

Regulations and the NGO Problem in Africa and Asia

While GE crops were pioneered in the United States and embraced in other western coun- tries outside of Europe, there has been resistance in regions of the world where these innovations could arguably bring the most impact: Africa and poorer sections of Asia. Ma- haletchumy Arujanan, executive director of Malaysian Biotechnology Information Centre and editor-in-chief of The Petri Dish, the first science newspaper in Malaysia, takes on the emerging Asian food security crisis posed by a parallel rise in population and living (and food consumption) standards. She reviews the successes and failures in various countries, and the effective campaigns by anti-GMO NGOs, mostly European funded, to block further biotech innovation.

Margaret Karembu, director of International Service for the Acquisition of Agribiotech Applications, Africa regional office (ISSSA) AfriCenter based in Nairobi, has found a similar pattern of mostly European-funded NGOs attempting to sabotage research and spread misinformation about the basic science of crop biotechnology. Africa is the ultimate organic experiment, and farmers have failed miserably using family agro-ecology techniques for decades. Cracks are beginning to form in the anti-GMO wall erected across the continent and there are hopes that young people will be attracted to farming, lured by the introduction of GE crops and other innovations.

Public Opinion and GMOs

Brandon McFadden, assistant professor in the Food and Resource Economics Department, University of Florida, addresses the complex views of consumers regarding innovation and GE foods. The public has a widely distorted perception of what genetic engineering entails, which helps explain why consumers remain so skeptical about technological innovation in farming.

Julie Kelly, a contributing writer to numerous publications including the Wall Street Journal, National Review and the GLP, takes on Hollywood in her analysis of the celebrity embrace of the anti-GMO movement. Who are the movers and shakers manipulating public opinion in favor of the organic movement and against conventional agriculture? Is the celebrity-backed science misinformation campaign working?

Future of GM Research and How the Public Debate May Evolve

Paul Vincelli, extension professor and Provosts Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Kentucky, has been perturbed about the attack on independent university researchers for working with the biotechnology industry over the years. By law, land grant university scientists are required to work with all stakeholders, particularly corporations who are developing the products used by farmers, including organic farmers. No, scientists who partner with corporations in research and product development are not shills. He rejects the knee jerk belief, advanced by many activist critics of GE crops, that corporate funding necessarily corruptsscience and should be banned.

Finally, risk expert David Ropeik has an optimistic take on the future. He believes 2016 may have been a turning point in the debate over GE foods. Technology rejectionists, from Greenpeace to labeling activists, are sounding increasingly shrill and less scientific. Gene editing, he believes, could undercut claims that GE foods are unsafe because they are unnatural. He is convinced, perhaps optimistically, that GE opponents will soon be viewed as science denialists.

We will see.

Anti-GMO critics cite opinion polls and the votes of anti-GMO legislators in Europe and elsewhere as proof that genetic engineering should be curtailed and more heavily regulated. Thats a rickety platform if one believes in science, however; science is not a popularity contest.

The Genetic Literacy Project is a 501(c)(3) non profit dedicated to helping the public, journalists, policy makers and scientists better communicate the advances and ethical and technological challenges ushered in by the biotechnology and genetics revolution, addressing both human genetics and food and farming. We are one of two websites overseen by the Science Literacy Project; our sister site, the Epigenetics Literacy Project, addresses the challenges surrounding emerging data-rich technologies.Jon Entineis the founder of the Science Literacy Project.

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Large Buying Action and Inflow of Money Witnessed in iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology Index Fund – Highland Mirror

Posted: February 8, 2017 at 8:49 am

iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology Index Fund (IBB) dropped by -0.35 or -0.98 points during the last session to $282.56 per share. One of the highlights of the day was the net money flow figure, which stood at $2 million even as the stock accepted $4.91 million in upticks but rejected $2.91 million in downticks. The up/down ratio for the last observation was a 1.69. The 1-week percentage change for the stock price is registered at -0.17%.Block trades are executed by Investment Banking firms or Wealth Managers shifting positions or Day traders taking advantage of trading signals.

Stock price is down 6.42% since it reached the one year high price and is down $ -19.39 since then. The company shares are up 17.52% from one year low and is up $42.11 since then. The Stock has a 52 week low of $240.3 and one year high of $301.8.

iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology Index Fund (NASDAQ:IBB) stock ended Tuesday session in the red zone in a volatile trading. The stock closed down 1.13 points or 0.4% at $282.41 with 1,137,322 shares getting traded. Post opening the session at $284.2, the shares hit an intraday low of $280.87 and an intraday high of $284.48 and the price was in this range throughout the day. The company has a market cap of $8,275 million and the number of outstanding shares has been calculated to be 29,300,000 shares. The 52-week high of iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology Index Fund (NASDAQ:IBB) is $301.8 and the 52-week low is $240.3.

The ISHARES NASDAQ BIOTECHNOLOGY INDEX FUND seeks investment results that correspond generally to the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of companies primarily engaged in the biotechnology industry, as represented by the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index.

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Insider Selling: Puma Biotechnology Inc (PBYI) Insider Sells … – Sports Perspectives

Posted: February 8, 2017 at 8:49 am

Insider Selling: Puma Biotechnology Inc (PBYI) Insider Sells ...
Sports Perspectives
Puma Biotechnology Inc (NYSE:PBYI) insider Robert Charnas sold 3008 shares of the firm's stock in a transaction that occurred on Wednesday, February 1st.
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The Puma Biotechnology Inc (PBYI) Insider Sells $95744.64 in StockDailyQuint
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Two Biotechnology Names Are Hot: Bioverativ (BIVV), Novavax (NVAX) – The Independent Republic

Posted: February 8, 2017 at 8:49 am

Bioverativ Inc. (BIVV) ended last trading session with a change of 3.76 percent. It trades at an average volume of 13.38M shares versus 3.28M shares recorded at the end of last trading session. The share price of $44.44 is at a distance of 4.81 percent from its 52-week low and down -4.22 percent versus its peak. The company has a market cap of $4.86B and currently has 109.41M shares outstanding. The share price is currently 0.85 percent versus its SMA20, 0.85 percent versus its SMA50, and 0.85 percent versus its SMA200. The stock has a weekly performance of 0 percent and is -1.2 percent year-to-date as of the recent close.

Bioverativ Inc. (BIVV) is a biotechnology company. The Company is focused on the discovery, research, development and commercialization of therapies for the treatment of hemophilia and other blood disorders. It markets approximately two products, including ELOCTATE [Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant), Fc Fusion Protein], and ALPROLIX [Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant), Fc Fusion Protein], extended half-life clotting-factor therapies for the treatment of hemophilia A and hemophilia B, respectively.

Novavax, Inc. (NVAX) recently recorded -1.5 percent change and currently at $1.31 is 12.93 percent away from its 52-week low and down -84.57 percent versus its peak. It has a past 5-day performance of 0 percent and trades at an average volume of 7.16M shares. The stock has a 1-month performance of -4.38 percent and is 3.97 percent year-to-date as of the recent close. There were about 271.06M shares outstanding which made its market cap $355.09M. The share price is currently -3.43 percent versus its SMA20, -2.25 percent versus its SMA50, and -68.14 percent versus its SMA200.

On Jan. 19, 2017 Novavax, Inc. (NVAX) announced the initiation of a Phase 2 clinical trial of its respiratory syncytial virus F-protein nanoparticle vaccine candidate (RSV F Vaccine) in older adults (60 years of age and older).

The objective of the trial is to assess safety and immunogenicity to one and two dose regimens of the RSV F Vaccine, with and without aluminum phosphate or Novavax` proprietary Matrix-M(TM) adjuvant, in older adults. The trial is a randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial designed to enroll up to 300 older adults in the Southern Hemisphere. Participants are being enrolled and vaccinated outside of the RSV season to best assess immunogenicity. Top-line results are expected in the third quarter of 2017.

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Integrative Biology Conference | Biology Conferences …

Posted: February 8, 2017 at 8:49 am

Sessions/Tracks

Conference Series Ltd invites participants from all over the world to 5thInternational Conference onIntegrative Biology(Integrative Biology 2017) is scheduled to be held during June 19-21, 2017in London, UK,which aims to gather the most elegant societies and industries along with the renowned and honorable persons form top universities across the globe.

Integrative Biology 2017 offers a premier forum to inspire collaboration among biologists and to share trans-disciplinary integrative thinking to unravel the underlying principal mechanisms and process in biology and medicine. Integrative Biology 2017 mainly emphasis on understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms related to health and disease. Integrative Biology become a label of choice for research, to address and generates new information and new ideas by bringing diverse expertise to problems, so that individual and institutional expertise becomes broader and more exploratory as a consequence.

As name Integrative Biology reflects belief that the study of biological systems is best approached by incorporating many perspectives like Cell Biology,Molecular biology, Genetic Engineering and rDNA Technology, Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Systems Biology, Developmental Biology,Structural biology,Bio-Engineering, Genomics, Cancer Biology, Biophysics. We bring together a diversity of disciplines that complement one another to unravel the complexity of biology. The concept includesanatomy, physiology,cell biology,biochemistryandbiophysics, and covers animals, human and microorganisms. Our broad range of expertise includes: cell biologist, geneticists, physiologists, molecular biologist, computational biologist, systems biologists, structural biologist, expert in bioinformatics, biophysicists and biotechnologists.

Our Conference will provide a perfect platform addressing:

Londons life sciences sector is a shining jewel and a cornerstone of the citys economy. With a rich history of achievements and medical firsts, the sector employs more than 21,000 in private sector industry, hospitals and research facilities including more than 2,000 researchers. The sector impact is in the manner: $720 Million Indirect benefits/ Economic Spinoffs; 780 number of principal researchers and 19 research institutes.

About London:

Londonis thecapitaland most populous city ofEnglandand theUnited Kingdom.Standing on theRiver Thamesin the south east of the island ofGreat Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by theRomans, who named itLondinium.London's ancient core, theCity of London, largely retains its 1.12-square-mile medievalboundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split betweenMiddlesex,Essex,Surrey,Kent, andHertfordshire,which today largely makes upGreater Londongoverned by theMayor of Londonand theLondon Assembly.

London is a leadingglobal city,in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism, and transport.It is one of the world's leadingfinancial centresand has thefifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world.London is a world cultural capital.

Integrative Biology 2017invites all interested participants to join us for this esteemed event at the exquisite destination London. For more:conferenceseries.com

Track: Integrative Biology

An Integrative Biology approach addresses the biological question(s) by integrating holistic (genome wide; omics-) approaches with in depth functional analysis and computation biology (modeling), thereby integrating wet and dry lab approaches. Integrative Biology 2017 offers a premier forum to share trans-disciplinary integrative thinking to unravel the underlying principal mechanisms and process in biology and medicine.

Related Biology Conferences | Integrative Biology Conferences | Molecular Biology Events | Cell Biology Conferences

6th International Conference onTissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Baltimore, USA, Aug 20-22, 2017; 8th World Congress and Expo onCell & Stem Cell Research,Orlando, USA, March 20-22, 2017; 15thWorld Congress on Biotechnology and Biotech Industries Meet,Rome, Italy,March 20-21,2017; 2nd International Conference onGenetic Counselling and Genomic Medicine,Beijing, China, July 10-12, 2017; International Conference onClinical and Molecular Genetics, Las Vegas, USA, April 24-26, 2017.

Track: Cell Biology

Cell biologyis a branch of biology that studies cells their physiological properties, their structure, the organelles they contain, interactions with their environment, their life cycle, division, death and cell function. This is done both on a microscopic and molecular level. The advancing live cell imaging encompasses its applications to Biochips for cell biology, Single-cell ros imaging and Experimental models and clinical transplantation in cell biology and indeed many more.

Session includes following Topics:

Cell Organelles: Function and Dysfunction, Cell Biology of Host-Pathogen Interactions,Cancer Cell Biology, Cell Biology of Metabolic Diseases,Cell Biology of Ageing, Cell Signaling and Intracellular Trafficking,Cell Death, Cell Stress, Cell Division and Cell Cycle.

Related Biology Conferences | Integrative Biology Conferences | Molecular Biology Events | Cell Biology Conferences

6th International Conference onTissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Baltimore, USA, Aug 20-22, 2017; 8th World Congress and Expo onCell & Stem Cell Research,Orlando, USA, March 20-22, 2017; 15thWorld Congress on Biotechnology and Biotech Industries Meet,Rome, Italy,March 20-21,2017; 2nd International Conference onGenetic Counselling and Genomic Medicine,Beijing, China, July 10-12, 2017; International Conference onClinical and Molecular Genetics, Las Vegas, USA, April 24-26, 2017.

Track: Developmental Biology

Developmental Biology session mainlyfocuses on mechanisms ofdevelopment, differentiation, andgrowthinanimals molecular, cellular, genetic and evolutionary levels. Areas of particular emphasis include transcriptional control mechanisms, embryonic patterning,cell-cell interactions, growth factors and signal transduction, and regulatory hierarchies in developing plants and animals. Research Areas Include:- Molecular geneticsof development, Control ofgene expression, Cell interactions and cell-matrix interactions, Mechanisms of differentiation, Growth factors and oncogenes,Regulation of stem cell populations, Evolution of developmental control, and Gametogenesis and fertilization.

AgainNational Science Foundationhas bought its focus on Developmental Biology Branch too for funding and encouraging research. TheWelcome Trusttoo supports the Four Year PhD Programme with its funding to encourage the growing research interest in the field.

Related Biology Conferences | Integrative Biology Conferences | Molecular Biology Events | Cell Biology Conferences

6th International Conference onTissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Baltimore, USA, Aug 20-22, 2017; 8th World Congress and Expo onCell & Stem Cell Research,Orlando, USA, March 20-22, 2017; 15thWorld Congress on Biotechnology and Biotech Industries Meet,Rome, Italy,March 20-21,2017; 2nd International Conference onGenetic Counselling and Genomic Medicine,Beijing, China, July 10-12, 2017; International Conference onClinical and Molecular Genetics, Las Vegas, USA, April 24-26, 2017.

Track: Molecular Biology

Molecular biologyconcerns the molecular basis of biological activity between the various systems of a cell, including the interactions between the different types of DNA, RNA and proteins and theirbiosynthesis, and studies how these interactions are regulated. It has many applications like in gene finding, molecular mechanisms of diseases and its therapeutic approaches by cloning, expression and regulation of gene. Research area includes gene expression, epigenetics and chromatin structure and function,RNA processing, functions of non-coding RNAs, transcription. Nowadays, Most advanced researches are going on these topics: Molecular biology, DNA replication, repair and recombination,Transcription, RNA processing, Post-translational modification, proteomics, Mutation, Site-directed mutagenesis,Epigenetics,chromatin structure and function, Molecular mechanisms of diseases.

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Trcak: Structural Biology

Structural biologyseeks to provide a complete and coherent picture of biological phenomena at the molecular and atomic level. The goals of structural biology include developing a comprehensive understanding of the molecular shapes and forms embraced by biological macromolecules and extending this knowledge to understand how different molecular architectures are used to perform the chemical reactions that are central to life. Most recent topics related to structural biology are: Structural Biochemistry,Structure and Function Determination, Hybrid Approaches for Structure Prediction,Structural Biology In Cancer Research,Computational Approaches in Structural Biology,Strucutural Biology Databases.

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Track: Cancer Biology

Cancer biology encompasses the application of systems biology approaches to cancer research, in order to study the disease as a complex adaptive system with emerging properties at multiple biological scales. More explicitly, because cancer spans multiple biological, spatial and temporal scales, communication and feedback mechanisms across the scales create a highly complex dynamic system.

Cancer biologytherefore adopts a holistic view of cancer aimed at integrating its many biological scales, including genetics, signaling networks,epigenetics, cellular behavior, histology, (pre)clinical manifestations and epidemiology. Basic researchers and clinicians have progressively recognized the complexity of cancer and of its interaction with the micro- and macro-environment, since putting together the components to provide a cohesive view of the disease has been challenging and hampered progress. Most recent research are going onCancer Genetics,Carcinogenesis,DNA damage and repair, Apoptosis,angiogenesis, and metastasis, Tumor microenvironment, Molecular mechanisms of Cancer Pathogenesis ,Cancer stem cells, Discovery of tumor suppressor genes, Aberrant signaling pathways in tumor cells, Roles of ubiquitination pathways in cancer,Molecular cancer epidemiology, Cancer detection and therapy.

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6th International Conference onTissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Baltimore, USA, Aug 20-22, 2017; 8th World Congress and Expo onCell & Stem Cell Research,Orlando, USA, March 20-22, 2017; 15thWorld Congress on Biotechnology and Biotech Industries Meet,Rome, Italy,March 20-21,2017; 2nd International Conference onGenetic Counselling and Genomic Medicine,Beijing, China, July 10-12, 2017; International Conference onClinical and Molecular Genetics, Las Vegas, USA, April 24-26, 2017.

Track: Genetic Engineering and rDNA Technology

Genetic engineeringis a broad term referring to manipulation of an organisms nucleic acid. Organisms whose genes have been artificially altered for a desired affect is often called genetically modified organism (GMO).Recombinant DNA technology(rDNA) is technology that is used to cut a knownDNA sequencefrom one organism and introduce it into another organism thereby altering the genotype (hence the phenotype) of the recipient. The process of introducing the foreign gene into another organism (or vector) is also called cloning. Sometimes these two terms are used synonymously.

Basically, these techniques are used to achieve the following:

Study the arrangement, expression andregulation of genes, Modification of genes to obtain a changed protein product, Modification ofgene expressioneither to enhance or suppress a particular product, Making multiple copies of anucleic acid segmentartificially, Introduction of genes from organism to another, thus creating a transgenic organism, Creation of organism with desirable or altered characteristics.

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Track: Genomics

Genomics researchoften requires the development of new techniques utilizing Genomics and bioinformatics tools for target assessment, including both experimental protocols and data analysis algorithms, to enable a deeper understanding of complex biological systems. In this respect, the field is entering a new and exciting era; rapidly improving next-generationDNA sequencingtechnologies, Cloud computing, hadoop in genomics, now allow for the routine sequencing of entire genomes and Transcriptomes, or of virtually any targeted set of DNA or RNA molecules.

Genomic labs have the fastest growing market with nearly 250 universities concentrating on its research majorly to be named Whitetail Genetic Research Institute, Stanford University, National Human Genome Research Institute. Major companies concentrating on the research are Affymetrix, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, Genentech etc.The scope and research areas of genomics includes genomics and bioinformatic tools for target assessment, structural,functional and comparitive genomics,genomics in marine monitoring,applications of genomics and bioinformatics, infectious disease modelling and analysis,oncogenomics,clinical genomics analysis,microbial genomics, plant genomics,medical genomics,epigenomics and DNA and RNA structure/functionstudies but are not limited to this only. The promise of genomics is huge. It could someday help us maximize personal health and discover the best medical care for any condition. It could help in the development of new therapies that alter the human genome and prevent (or even reverse) complications from the diseases we inherit.

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Track: Computational Biology & Bioinformatics

Computational Biologyis both an umbrella term for the body of biological studies that use computer programming as part of their methodology, as well as a reference to specific analysis by Bioinformatic tools for protein analysis that are repeatedly used, particularly in the fields of Structural andfunctional genomics,comparative genomicsand bioinformatics insystems biology. Common uses of bioinformatics include the identification of candidategenes and nucleotides(SNPs). Often, such identification is made with the aim of better understanding the Translational bioinformatics forgenomic medicine, Genomics in marine monitoring, andapplications of genomicsand bioinformatics.

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Track: Systems Biology

Systems biologyis the study ofTheoretical aspects of systems biologyof biological components, which may be molecules, cells, organisms or entire species. Living systems are dynamic and complex and their behavior may be hard to predict from the properties of individual parts.

It involves the computational (involvingInsilico modeling in systems biology,Biomarker identification in systems biology) and mathematical modeling of complex biological systems. An emerging engineering approach applied to biomedical and biological scientific research, systems biology is a biology-based inter-disciplinary field of study that focuses on complex interactions within biological systems, using a holistic approach (holism instead of the more traditional reductionism) to biological and biomedical research involving the use of In vitro regulatory models in systems biologyusingOMICS tools. Particularly from year 2000 onwards, the concept has been used widely in the biosciences in a variety of contexts.

ManyFunding Opportunitiesin this research has been bought up bySupport ISB,National Science Foundation,NIHand many CollaborativeFunding Opportunities.

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Track: Bio-Engineering

Biological engineering (Cellular and Molecular Bio-Engineering) or bioengineering (including biological systems engineering) is the application of concepts and methods of biology (and secondarily of physics, chemistry, mathematics, and computer science (In vitro testing in bioengineering) to solve real-world problems related to the life sciences or the application thereof, using engineering's own analytical and synthetic methodologies (defined asSynthetic bioengineering) and also its traditional sensitivity to the cost and practicality of the solution(s) arrived at. In this context, while traditional engineering applies physical and mathematical sciences to analyze, design and manufacture inanimate tools, structures and processes, biological engineering uses primarily the rapidly developing body of knowledge known as molecular biology to study and advance applications of living organisms and to create biotechnology likeCancer Bioengineeringused forOrgan bioengineering and regeneration.

Bio-engineering study remains the main interest of research with more than 340 schools focusing on it majorly beingJohns Hopkins University in Baltimore,Georgia Institute of Technology,University of California - San Diego,University of Washington,and Stanford University.

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Track: Biophysics

Biophysicsis that branch that applies the principles of physics and chemistry and the methods of mathematical analysis and computer modeling to understand how biological systems work. It seeks to explain biological function in terms of the molecular structures and properties of specific molecules. An important area of biophysical study is the detailed analysis of the structure of molecules in living systems. The recent research areas are biophysical approaches tocell biology, cellular movement andcell motility, computational and theoretical biophysics, molecular structure and behavior of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, molecular structure & behavior ofmembrane proteins, role of biophysical techniques in analysis and prediction, biophysical mechanisms to explain specific biological processes and Nano biophysics. Most recent researchers are going on: Biophysical approaches to cell biology,Cellular Movement and Cell Motility,Computational and theoretical biophysics,Molecular Structure and Behavior of Lipids,Proteins and Nucleic Acids,Molecular Structure & Behavior of Membrane Proteins,Role of Biophysical Techniques in analysis and prediction,Biophysical Mechanisms to explain specific biological processes.

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The UK is one of the best places in the world for life sciences, on a par with premier life science destinations such as Boston, San Francisco, San Diego and Singapore. We have 4 of the top 10 universities in the world, 19 of the top 100 universities, one of the worlds 3 major financial centers, a stable of quality service providers, world class charitable supporters of the industry and a rich heritage of globally recognized medical research. There are nearly 5,633 life sciences companies in the UK employing an estimated 222,000 people and generates a combined estimated turnover of 60.7 billion. The industry sells into a global industry with current total market values of US$956bn for pharmaceutical and biologics, US$349bn for medical technology and US$50bn for the rapidly growing industrial biotechnology market. There are significant levels of health life sciences employment. This breaks down into: 107,000 employed in the biopharmaceutical sector and service and supply chain in 1,948 companies, generating 39.7 billion turnover; 115,000 employed in the medical technology sector and service and supply chain in 3,685 companies, generating 21 billion turnover. Two thirds of employment is outside of London and the South-East with significant concentrations in the East of England (15%, almost 34,000 people) and North-West (12%, almost 26,000 people). It shows that the UK is second only to the US in terms of life science Foreign Direct Investment projects along with the UKs relative strength in the academic base and clinical research landscape. Combined with the strength of the health life sciences supply chain, these factors are driving investment, growth and employment across the country.

Adjusting for these methodology changes overall jobs growth in the sector is estimated to be 2.9% and overall revenue growth is estimated to be 0.8%. The life science industry is global and 42% of employment is at UK owned companies and 49% of employment is at overseas-owned companies and 10% where the ownership location is unknown.

UK life science companies continue to tackle long-term health challenges such as cancer and antimicrobial resistance, and in addition to this many companies are using bioscience to address a range of issues including environmental challenges and chemical production. This predominantly healthcare manifesto also recognizes the growing importance of these new applications.

Why London??

Londons life sciences sector is a shining jewel and a cornerstone of the citys economy. With a rich history of achievements and medical firsts, the sector employs more than 21,000 in private sector industry, hospitals and research facilities including more than 2,000 researchers. The sector impact is in the manner: $720 Million Indirect benefits/ Economic Spinoffs; 780 number of principal researchers and 19 research institutes. The Major Biotech Companies in London are: Albert Browne Ltd, Parexel Informatics, Alcon Laboratories (UK) Ltd, Baxter Healthcare Ltd, Galderma Laboratories, Agilent Technologies, Abbott Laboratories, and Bayer Healthcare.

London's biotech universities and their spin out companies are Gene Expression Technologies, Photobiotic, Biogenic, Spirogen, Genexsyn, Nervation, Inpharmatica, Immune Regulation Ltd, Cerestem, and MedPharm, Immexis, and Antisoma plc.

London is the capital and most populous city of England, United Kingdom and the European Union. With an estimated 2015 population of 8.63 million within a land area of 1,572 km, London is a leading global city, with strengths in the research and development, arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, tourism, and transport all contributing to its prominence. It is one of the world's leading financial centers and has the fifth-or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world depending on measurement.

London is a world cultural capital. It is the world's most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the world's largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic. London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe.

List of major societies in UK:

Royal Society of Biology Royal Society of Chemistry BBSRC (Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council) The Oxford University Society British Society for Cell Biology Royal Society of Edinburgh Royal Society of Medicine Biochemical Society Astrobiology Society of Britain British Medical Association British Society for the History of Medicine Genetics Society The Mammal Society Royal Institute of Public Health Society for Experimental Biology Zoological Society of London

List of universities and institutes in London:

The Francis Crick Institute, London University College London Imperial College London University of East London Kingston University London University of Westminster Birkbeck, University of London Goldsmiths, University of London King's College London Queen Mary University of London St George's, University of London

The major universities and institutes in UK are:

University of Leeds, University of Leicester, Leeds Trinity University, University of Glasgow, University of Exeter, University of Essex, University of Edinburgh, University of Dundee, Durham University, Cardiff University, University of Chester, University of Bristol, University of Birmingham, University of Bath, University of Cambridge, Anglia Ruskin University, Aston University, University of Bradford, University of East Anglia, University of Liverpool, Loughborough University, University of Nottingham, University of Reading, Queen's University Belfast, University of Sheffield, University of Southampton, University of Sussex, University of Warwick and University of York.

The major Biotech Companies in UK are:

GSK (Stevenage), Martindale Pharmaceuticals Ltd (Brentford), Nova Bio-pharma Holdings Limited, Oxoid Ltd, Omega Pharma Ltd, Quintiles Ltd (Guys Research Centre), Sauflon Pharmaceuticals Limited, Immuno Diagnostic Systems Ltd, Merck Serono Ltd, Quest Diagnostics Ltd, and Fujifilm Diosynth Biotech UK Ltd.

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British Synbio’s Llama Antibodies recruited for Cancer T-Cell Therapy – Labiotech.eu (blog)

Posted: February 8, 2017 at 8:48 am

Isogenica has licensed its synthetic llama antibody library to Maverick Therapeutics, which develops cancer T-cell therapies designed to reduce side effects.

Isogenica is a synthetic biology company near Cambridge that develops libraries of therapeutic antibodies. The biotech has granted US-based Maverick Therapeutics licenses to its llamdA VHHantibody library for the discovery, development and commercialization of therapeutic products. In exchange, it will receive upfront, annual and milestone payments as the antibodies are developed by the client.

Isogenicas llamdA VHH library comprisessingle domain llama antibodies created and screened in vitro,which consumes half the time and creates greater diversity than immunizing llamas. According to the company, its llamdA system routinely interrogates the equivalent to the whole antibody repertoire of one million llamas.

Maverick Therapeutics is a very young biotech, spun out from Harpoon Therapeuticsjust last year. The company is backed by MPM Capital, a USVC managed by biotech veteran Patrick Bauerle from Munich.

The company is developing a unique approach to T-cell cancer therapy. Its antibodies are designed to be inactive when administered and only activate in the tumor microenvironment. This way, theT-cells do not attack healthy tissues, avoiding side effects. Japanese big pharma Takeda recently offered the young company 117M ($125M) to develop this technology.

Mavericks approach looks promising since severe side effects are common in T-cell therapies such asCAR-T, with some companies reporting thedeathof several patients. Other companieslike the French Cellectis and Stimunity are also developing their own strategies to increase the safety of CAR-T.

If successful, the development of Isogenicas antibodies by Maverick could bring the British biotech revenues to accelerate the launch of its new library of fully synthetic human antibodies.

Images from Sergey Didenko /Shutterstock

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