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BIOtechNow

Posted: September 9, 2016 at 7:45 pm

BIO is undertaking an aggressive effort to promote the value of biopharmaceutical innovations and ensure that all patients have access to the drugs they need. A vital component of this campaign is holding insurers and their allies accountable for standing in the way of that access. For months, weve blown the whistle on their discriminatory practices, high cost-sharing and cost-shifting, and their blatant falsehoods on whats driving their premium increases, and today, were introducing a ReadMore>

Last week, the Washington Post published an article titled Alzheimers Drug Trial Sparks Optimism which highlighted new findings from a paper published in Nature. They shared exciting news of positive early trial results for a potential new Alzheimers treatment. Overall this is the best news that weve had in my 25 years doing Alzheimers clinical research and it brings new hope for patients and families most affected by the disease, said one of the studys ReadMore>

Before innovative therapies can start helping patients, successful matches between investors and entrepreneurs seeking to develop new medicines must occur. Without access to capital, potentially lifesaving drugs will exist only as ideas. Every fall investors looking for good prospects in the biotech sector gather at the BIO Investor Forum in San Franciscothe birthplace of biotechnology and home to over 1,600 life sciences companies. Many of these companies and others from around the country come to ReadMore>

Casey Whitaker, Communications Coordinator, Animal Agriculture Alliance | 09/08/2016

I have always been a perfectionist when it comes to my work, so its no surprise I found my passion in an industry that also strives for perfection. Animal agriculture never stops reaching for the highest quality of animal care, environmental stewardship and food safety possible. The industry strives for perfection, but also knows that perfection is hard to come by in agriculture because farmers, ranchers, veterinarians and all those involved in the farm-to-fork process ReadMore>

Hans Sauer, Deputy General Counsel, Intellectual Property, Legal, BIO | 09/07/2016

The topic of inter partes reviews (IPRs) has dominated conversation in patent circles for the last several years (see our archive for some of our past articles on the subject). As uncertainty grows in the biopharma community about IPR procedures and the future of innovation, BIO will make IPRs a major topic of discussion at our upcoming IP and Diagnostics Symposium (BIO IPDX) as well as BIOs IP Counsels Committee Meeting in November. An administrative ReadMore>

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Cord Blood – Louisville, Kentucky(KY), Cord Blood Storage …

Posted: September 8, 2016 at 5:45 pm

A promise to your child, peace of mind for you

The Family Link Cord Blood Storage Program lets you take steps to preserve your child's health now and in the future. While most babies are born healthy and grow up without the threat of serious illness, medical conditions can surface at any time. For a number of serious illnesses, one of the best treatments is stem cell transplants.

Every year, 17,000 people in North America require a stem cell/ bone marrow transplant for life-threatening diseases.

While most patients are able to receive transplant donations from a family member, 70 percent are unable to find a suitable match. To combat the shortage of available bone marrow donors, physicians have started using umbilical cord blood as an alternative source for stem cells. The ideal time to obtain stem cells from the umbilical cord and placenta is after delivery.

What is the Family Link Cord Blood Storage Program? The Family Link program is a private facility started in 1998 for storage of umbilical cord blood from a newborn infant. Serving families delivering within a four-hour driving distance from Metro Louisville, through Family Link a baby's stem cells can be taken from the umbilical cord and placenta at birth and preserved at ultra-low temperatures in the Blood and Marrow Transplant Service Laboratory of Norton Healthcare for up to 20 years. Because the blood cells are collected after the baby is born, the process doesn't interfere with delivery or the early intimate moments following birth. It is an entirely painless procedure for both mother and child, and state-of-the-art medical technology is used to retrieve and preserve the blood cells for future use.

Benefits of Cord Blood Storage Stem cells can be used by your baby or other members of your family for the future treatment of a variety of Diseases treatable by stem cell transplant. Major diseases and serious medical conditions, including cancers such as leukemia or lymphoma, solid tumors, sickle cell disease, rare types of anemia, and Hurler's syndrome may be treated using cord blood stem cells. If a person's blood cells have been damaged or destroyed by chemotherapy or disease, a stem cell transplant can help the body rebuild healthy blood cells.

Cord Blood Storage Helps Babies and Family Members If your child requires a bone marrow or stem cell transplant later in life, the frozen cord blood is a perfect match for your child. The frozen cord blood also may be used for members of your child's immediate family if it is a match. The chance that stem cells will be a suitable match for a child's biological brother or sister is one in four. (The odds of finding a suitable match outside the family can be thousands of times greater.)

Read more about the cost, procedure details and frequently asked questions about cord blood storage.

More Information about Family Link Cord Blood Storage

Detailed information, resources and enrollment packets are available online or call (502) 629-1234 or (888) 4-U-NORTON.

To speak with a member of the laboratory or clinical staff, call (502) 629-7771.

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USC Stem Cell | USC

Posted: September 8, 2016 at 5:44 pm

Welcome

Welcome to USC Stem Cell, a university-wide initiative connecting researchers and highlighting the latest news in regenerative medicine across USC.

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September 8, 2016

By Cristy Lytal

Without collaboration between universities and pharmaceutical companies, scientists might never have developed essential medicines ranging from the antibiotic streptomycin in the 1950s to HIV medications in the 1990s. In recognition of the ever increasing importance of these academia-industry partnerships, USC and Amgen are jointly offering two new opportunities: a 10-week biotechnology lecture series for students and postdoctoral researchers, and a monthly seminar series open to all.

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September 7, 2016

By Meg Alrich

Keck Medical Center of USC today announced that a team of doctors became the first in California to inject an experimental treatment made from stem cells, AST-OPC1, into the damaged cervical spine of a recently paralyzed 21-year-old man as part of a multi-center clinical trial.

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September 1, 2016

Francesca Mariani: In a recent study in the journal Cell, Kyle Loh and colleagues in Irving Weissmans group established a rapid protocol for converting human pluripotent stem cells into mesodermthe progenitors for heart, skeleton, muscles and a variety of other critical tissue types in our bodies. Read more

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BioHealth and Life Sciences – Maryland is Open for Business

Posted: September 8, 2016 at 5:43 pm

CAREERS

To post job/internship opportunities, employers must email BioHealth.info@Maryland.gov a request to post a job/internship link which includes the link to the job description (including application instructions, and the point of contacts name, title, organization address, phone and email.)

CurrentOpenings:

Dont miss the nextindustry event! Check out our calendar for a list ofBio events.

Marylands colleges and universities offer dozens of biohealth technology certificate, two and four year and advanced degree, continuing education and specialized training programs in fields ranging from nanotechnology to biomedical engineering, biotechnology manufacturing to clinical trials project management. A sampling of life sciences related programs are listed below. For more questions, or specific training needs, please contact the Maryland Department of Commerces Office of BioHealth and Life Sciencesfor more information.

Four Year Colleges and Universities:

Community Colleges:

The continuing growth of Biotechnology companies is dependent upon the level of training and education and skills of their workers. Marylands colleges and universities not only offer a wealth of biotechnology education and training programs, but also most willcustomize training targeted to specific needs. A number of private and nonprofit organizations also offer training. These programs include:

Bio-Trac

Bio-Trac offers hands-on biotechnology training workshops that are ideal for bench and research scientists. Team-taught by active researchers at a graduate/post graduate level, Bio-Trac workshops focus on the latest relevant technologies in cell and molecular biology. Bio-Trac provides custom designed training programs for government, private and academic institutions as well as conducting 20+ offerings at the Montgomery College Bioscience Education Center in Germantown, MD.

BioTRAIN

Training modules developed with industry input from board with large industry representation. In addition to designing training modules based in industry input, BioTRAIN staff work closely with Montgomery Colleges other Biotechnology certificate degree and programs to place students.

Biotechnical Institute (BTI)

Free skill-based scientific training provided to qualified adult high school graduates who are unemployed or underemployed to become entry-level biotechnicians/lab techs. BTI partners with Baltimore CC and has a successful placement record.

The Foundation for Advanced Education in the Sciences (FAES)

An array of management and leadership development seminars and workshops provided to help the medical science and public health community to advance their professional knowledge. FAES offers 120+ courses in 12 departments.

Maryland Tech Connection (MTC), operated out of Anne Arundel Workforce Development Corporation

Biotechnology and IT training for long term unemployed blending industry-led training and work and learn strategies with strong job seeker wrap-around supports. The program serves 12 counties and the city of Baltimore, and includes 59 partners.

Companies looking to open their first office in Maryland have a wide variety of incubators (with lab space and without wet lab space)to choose from. Use our incubator search tool to find the right space for you. Several of the incubators are housed inresearch parks where they have ample room to grow and leverage the parks resources. Browse through Marylandsresearch parks for a snapshot of what is available.

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Mtech Biotechnology Research and Education Program

Posted: September 8, 2016 at 5:43 pm

MARYLAND TECHNOLOGY ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE

PATHS FOR MARYLAND ENTREPRENEURS & INNOVATORS

BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION PROGRAM

Overview

Mtech's Biotechnology Research and Education Program (BREP) is the region's premier biotechnology, biopharmaceutical and biofuel research center, designed to bolster Maryland's burgeoning biotechnology industry. The program consists of two core facilities dedicated to providing supplemental research to academia, government and industry.

Bioprocessing Scale-Up Facility

(BSF)

The BSF offers a broad range of bioprocess scale-up and production services, including fermentation, cell culture, separation, purification and product analysis. The BSF's capabilities include up to 250-liter fermentations. Past clients have included Martek Biosciences, MedImmune, NIH, Digene, NIST, and the US Army. MORE >>>

Biopharmaceutical Advancement Facility (BAF)

The BAF specializes in the development of cell culture-based biopharmaceutical products. The facility's staff members offer extensive expertise in addressing challenging problems with the advancement of anchorage-dependent or suspension-adapted cell lines. MORE >>>

The Biotechnology Research and Education Program maintains strong links to the Clark School of Engineerings Fischell Department of Bioengineering which offers bachelors, masters and doctoral degree programs. The Clark School also offers a graduate certification in bioengineering.

Learn more about the Fischell Department of Bioengineering

BREP's expert staff offer customized training in many aspects of bioprocessing for Maryland biotech companies.

Productivity Enhancement: Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Consulting

The most successful biomanufacturing companies utilize their resources efficiently. They bring products to market faster, meet production deadlines and minimize waste. The Biotechnology Research and Education Program's Productivity Enhancement consulting component applies improved manufacturing techniques to biomanufacturing.

BREP consultants' areas of expertise include facility design and layout, process optimization and load balancing, material handling, logistics, and cellular manufacturing. They can also help companies be more productive in:

BREP Staff utilize the following four-step approach for bio manufacturing consulting:

Companies planning a facility expansion or relocation can take advantage of the BREP staff's expert advice for contractor review, new equipment selection and floor layout design. Biotech team members can create computer simulations of the proposed facility to help companies evaluate alternative processing flows, while process development solutions can be tested in the BSF.

Perform higher, faster and more efficiently by employing BREP's Productivity Enhancement consulting services.

Ben Woodard

Director, Biotechnology Research and Education Program

tel. (301) 405-3909

fax. (301) 405-8213

woodard@umd.edu

Biotechnology Research and Education Program

Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Building #090

University of Maryland

College Park, MD 20740

2120 Potomac Bldg. 092

University of Maryland

College Park, MD 20742-3415

tel: 301.405.3906

fax: 301.403.4105

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Scotssdale Cancer Treatment Center | AZ Integrative Medicine

Posted: September 7, 2016 at 4:53 am

At the Arizona Center for Advanced Medicine, we can help those suffering from cancer with holistic, comprehensive treatment that addresses every angle of the disease.* At our Scottsdale integrative medical center, we can offer you a full-range of medical support through this difficult time. Learn more about the different approaches we take to helping patients recover from cancer, or contact us directly.

A targeted approach using low-dose chemo and complementary therapies to both defeat cancer and rebuild the immune system.*

The conventional treatment for cancer is the familiar trio of chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. The subsequent devastation to the immune system and the organs - especially the liver and heart - is significant. The reduced quality of life, including losing one's hair, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth ulcers, low white count, susceptibility to infection, damage to the immune system, etc. is also pretty hard to take.

In conventional treatment, chemotherapy drugs must be administered in doses high enough to kill a large number of cancer cells without killing the body's immune system and intestinal tract. It's a balancing act. Patients are given as much chemotherapy as their body can tolerate. It is like killing flies with a cannonball instead of fly swatter. You get rid of some flies, yes, but you have a lot of collateral damage. Good cells die along with the bad. Over time (and sometimes a fairly short period of time, days rather than weeks), this massive bombardment can lead to extremely low blood counts, organ failure, and death. Because an already poorly functioning immune system is subjected to radiation and toxic drugs, it is difficult to deliver a "cure."[1]

A time-tested, modified form of chemotherapy has been used successfully and safely around the world for more than 70 years. It is called IPTLDSM, or Insulin Potentiation Therapy Low Dose.

IPTLD uses between 10 and 25% of the dosage of a conventional chemotherapy regime. It provides a safer, much gentler alternative to conventional chemotherapy, without the harsh side effects.* When combined with complementary therapies to nurture the body, it is also more effective. It is a smart way to approach cancer based on what makes cancer cells vulnerable.

There is a key difference between cancer cells and healthy cells: cancer cells run exclusively on sugar and glutamine, the amino acid found in high concentration in animal proteins. Cancer cells have a ravenous need to consume the glucose (sugar) found in the blood stream. Glucose is their unique source of energy, and because of the relatively inefficient way cancer cells burn this fuel, they use up a great deal of it. This is why cancer patients lose so much weight. Because cancer cells require so much glucose, they virtually steal it away from the body's normal cells, thus starving them.

To help sugar get inside the cancer cells, they are equipped with 10-16 times as many insulin receptors as healthy cells.[2,3] Insulin manages the delivery of glucose across cell membranes into the cells. Put another way, insulin escorts glucose through the cell membrane, into the interior where the glucose provides energy to keep the cell alive.

If you have had a PET scan, you have seen this connection between sugar and cancer cells at work. A PET scan is performed by injecting a radioactive agent attached to a glucose molecule into a vein. The cancer cells, always ravenous for sugar, take up the glucose much faster than healthy cells. The radioactive agent gets into the cell along with the glucose. Bingo - the scan produces a three-dimensional picture of a cancerous mass.

Call our Scottsdale integrative medical center at (480) 418-0220 to learn more about how we can help.

Now, what would happen if, in addition to glucose, you add a little bit of chemotherapy to the mixture? Bingo - the chemotherapy drugs are dragged in to the cancer cells along with that glucose that they so crave. The healthy cells are not bombarded. This is why patients undergoing IPT do not experience the severe side effects of conventional therapy. Generally, IPT patients do not go bald, nor do they experience severe nausea or organ damage.

The word "potentiate" means to make stronger or more effective. In this case, it means that insulin makes the chemotherapy more effective. A 1981 study conducted at George Washington University showed that when the chemotherapy drug, methotrexate, is combined with insulin, the drug's cell-killing effect increased by a factor of 10,000.[4] Because insulin enhances the effectiveness of the drugs, IPT uses only 10% to 25% of standard dose drugs. There is no need to overwhelm a patient with large quantities of drugs in the hope that the drugs will kill the cancer before they kill the patient's immune system.

There is a second way that insulin helps us defeat cancer. Insulin stimulates cells to grow, which they do by dividing. Cancer cells are most vulnerable to many chemotherapeutic agents when they are dividing.[5] With IPT, we use insulin's stimulating properties to catch more cancer cells in the process of dividing, so more of the drugs are absorbed than if division had not been encouraged.

A third way insulin helps is with detoxification. Insulin increases "cellular permeability." Glucose goes in easier, and the low dose chemo goes in easier. The door swings both ways - toxins and debris from dying tumor cells also pass out much easier. Insulin facilitates the detoxification so necessary with cancer.

There is universal agreement that cancer is a failure of the immune system. We feel strongly that "killing the cancer" is only one part of the job. Re-training and strengthening the immune system is another part of our job. Our patients continue to thrive and often end up with a healthier immune system than when they started treatment.*

We use complementary therapies to nourish the body and protect the organs, to create a more robust immune system and incidentally to create a hostile inner terrain for cancer.*

As a tumor grows, the body may acclimate to the presence of abnormal cell growth, fooling the brain into accepting the cancer as a normal presence in the system. After the tumor is removed, the body may still respond as if it were still present, much like an amputee's "phantom limb" syndrome.

One school of thought maintains that the brain sends messages that support re-growth of tumors. Another school of thought teaches that each organ system reflects particular emotions, both positive and negative. When illness strikes, generally the cause originates in the mental or emotional sphere, and manifests in that part of the body which is most vulnerable.

So, for instance, if we have been sexually abused as children, we may very likely develop cancer of the female organs. If we see ourselves as powerless, we may well develop cancer of the pancreas. If we are full of fear, bladder or kidney cancer is often the end result.

It's not that we intend to become ill, not at all. But our bodies will hold the messages of those experiences that we are too small or too powerless to deal with. We hold those messages in the form of neurotransmitters, second messengers, inflammatory markers, muscle tension, and habitual responses to situations. If our parents were alcoholic, we tend to marry alcoholics. If our parents beat us, or put us down all the time, we tend to marry people who also beat us and denigrate us.

That does not mean that we cannot change our attitude. But first, we have to see our attitude for what it is.

Infrared saunas offer another approach to defeat cancer, through the use of elevated body temperature. When fighting pathogens, the body sometimes creates a fever to raise the internal temperature to kill unwanted cells. We use the same principle with infrared saunas. Also, saunas are a great way to detoxify. As a tumor shrinks, it sheds a large quantity of debris. Saunas assist the body's efforts to move out the toxins through the sweat.*

The Photon Genius is a form of infrared sauna which not only uses heat - like a regular sauna - but also coherent light frequencies, to restore a sense of order to the cells of the body, as the light is carried around by our own red blood cells.

At our Scottsdale alternative cancer treatment center, we use nutritional therapy with all our patients. The cornerstone is a low glycemic diet - very low sugar loads, no refined foods, nothing in a box, nothing with chemicals or colorings in it. And you would be surprised how much of the supermarket is devoted to things with chemicals and colorings. Take a look at the snack and cracker aisle some time. We also use anti-angiogenic therapy - largely through diet, consumption of those foods which heal the blood vessel walls and decrease their responsiveness to the siren calls of tiny tumors for more blood.[10,11] All our patients are encouraged (and taught) to do vegetable juicing every day. We help them learn how to cook, if necessary.* After all, how many people have been on a gluten-free diet for 20 years? Certainly not most of those who come to our office.

An important part of the therapy involves fasting, to promote starvation responses in the tumor cells. Since normal cells have a protective mechanism that shuts down their metabolism when fuel is scarce, they are protected when food is in short supply.[12] Fasting the day before chemotherapy is highly recommended, and fasting for at least 8-10 hours before IPTLDSM therapy is required at the Arizona Center for Advanced Medicine.

After administering IPT, along with vitamins, herbs, immune enhancers, and chelation, repeat testing 4-6 weeks later will often show that the cancer has regressed, or even disappeared.

The culprit behind perhaps half the cancer deaths is a wasting syndrome called cachexia (pronounced "ka-kek-see-ah"). Patients lose weight and literally starve to death.

Because cancer cells need even more energy than regular cells, the cancer cells gobble up the incoming nutrition first. Your healthy cells get what is left over which can mean the rest of your cells starve when conventional treatment leaves you too nauseated to eat. The tumor stays strong, but the patient wastes away.

The hypoglycemic pulse that occurs with the administration of insulin actually helps the body assimilate the nutrition in food - vitamins, minerals, and enzymes. Because IPT is a gentler approach, patients do not get the severe bouts of nausea so common with conventional chemotherapy due to destruction of the rapidly dividing and always renewed cells lining the intestinal tract.

Which chemo drugs shall we use? Which complementary therapies are right for you?

Unlike conventional chemotherapy treatment, IPTLD is not a one-size-fits-all approach. You are unique, and your response to various drugs and complementary therapies is not necessarily the same as the next person's.

Think back to a time when you had a bladder infection. The lab tested your urine sample against different antibiotics to find out which ones were most effective at killing the bacteria. We use the same concept when choosing therapies for chemotherapy.

We take a sample of your blood (and a fresh tissue sample, if available) and test it against the chemo drugs and the various complementary therapies to find out what will be most effective for you. We also look at the genetic makeup of your individual tumor. When we custom tailor your therapy, you have a better result.*

We use a laboratory which does the actual cell cultures in Greece, although it has branches all over the world. The test is not inexpensive, and insurance usually does not pay for this test. But we strongly feel it is the best money you will ever spend. We include this test in our charges for the initial 8 weeks of treatment.

The RESEARCH GENETIC CANCER CENTRE LTD is headed by Dr. Ioannis Papasotiriou, an oncologist. He has developed a way of isolating circulating tumor cells from peripheral blood, growing them in cell culture, and testing them for chemosensitivity, as well as sensitivity to alternative/biological/botanical agents.

Only a few populations of tumor cells actually develop the ability to invade other tissues and create metastatic spread of tumor. These cells are known as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and many of them are cancer stem cells. The RGCC test isolates and measures these cells, then grows them in such a way that they do not mutate during the growth process. The cells can then be tested against various chemotherapeutic agents, as well as many alternative/botanical/nutrient remedies.

Also, metastatic cancer cells can vary genetically from the primary tumor. At least two studies with breast cancer patients have demonstrated that CTC can be HER2 positive while the primary breast tumor can be HER2 negative.[14,15] Another study with prostate cancer demonstrated the same phenomenon. [16]

A landmark study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2007 compared women with lymph node-positive breast cancer who received the standard trio of chemotherapy drugs - Adriamycin, Cytoxan, and Taxol (called ACT) to women who did not receive any chemotherapy. Their HER2 status was also determined - the genetic characteristic of the cancer. Researchers discovered that women who were HER2 negative and estrogen receptor positive did not benefit at all from taking Taxol.[17] Because approximately two thirds of women with breast cancer fall into this category, the ramifications of this study are immense. So much for the ineffectiveness of the one-size-fits-all approach to cancer.

A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute in 2008 measured the effectiveness of an anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen in 5,354 women with early-stage breast cancer. Anthracyclines are a class of chemotherapy drugs of which Adriamycin is a key member. Scientists determined that women with early-stage breast cancer who were HER2 negative derived absolutely no benefit from taking Adriamycin or other anthracycline drugs.[18] Given that approximately 80% of breast cancers are HER2 negative, then only 1 out of 5 women with breast cancer can benefit from these drugs that have considerable toxicity associated with their use. In another study, 7% of patients treated with Adriamycin developed congestive heart failure.[19] They apparently did not have Poly-MVA available to them.

With standard chemotherapy, treatments are often spaced several weeks apart, to allow the body to recover from the harsh effects of the treatment. Since the standard dose chemotherapy attacks all rapidly dividing cells, almost every patient experiences hair loss, and frequently they develop diarrhea and intestinal tract ulcerations as well. Treatment is often limited by the number and severity of the "side effects" which the patient experiences. In addition, the length of time between treatments allows the tumor cells which were not killed initially to continue growing. Sometimes the cells not killed become resistant to the chemotherapeutic agent which was used, and by spacing the treatments so far apart (in order to protect the life of the patient) the resistant population of cells is allowed to take over.

IPTLDSM is a more enlightened paradigm which tailors treatment towards the individual uniqueness of your body and your cancer. With IPT therapy, we generally start with low-dose chemotherapy agents twice a week for the couple of weeks. The frequency may then be reduced to once a week, and eventually to once every 2-3 months, until there is no further sign of cancer cells in the blood, and the tumor is no longer visible by conventional means. Chemotherapy agents are interspersed with complementary therapies. So on Monday, for example, you may receive chemotherapy agents and on Wednesday, you may receive intravenous vitamin C.

We encourage you to request an orientation with our Scottsdale alternative cancer treatment center so you can make an educated decision. There is no charge for this. Come meet the doctors and staff, and tour the clinic. Meet other patients. The course of action you choose is a significant commitment, and one that will impact those around you. Feel free to bring family to the orientation. Ask every question that is on your mind.

For your first appointment (after the orientation visit), plan to spend two hours with us. Bring all your medical records and test results. We will ask you to fill out a history form ahead of time so you can do that at home where you have access to information about prior vaccinations, surgeries, mercury fillings and root canals, major emotional traumas you have experienced in life, etc.

We have an integrative cancer therapy program that provides an approach for the short and the long term - the treatment is tough enough to defeat cancer in the short term, yet leave your body nourished and empowered to ward off cancer on its own in the long term so the cancer does not return.*

"Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood." - Marie Curie, awarded Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry

*Disclaimer: There is no guarantee of successes for any given medical treatment. Each individual is unique and may respond differently to our medical services, meaning results may vary for each person.

[1] Morgan G, Ward R et al. The contribution of cytotoxic chemotherapy to 5-year survival in adult malignancies. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2004 Dec;16(8):549-60.

[2] Milazzo G, Giorgina F, Belfiore A et al. Insulin Receptor Expression and Function in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines. CANCER RESEARCH 52, 3924-3930, July 15, 1992

[3] Belfiore A, Malaguarnera R. Insulin receptor and cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2011 Jul 4;18(4):R125-47. doi: 10.1530/ERC-11-0074.

[4] Alabaster, A; Vonderhaar, B; Shafie S. Metabolic modification by insulin enhances methotrexate cytotoxicity in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 17:1223-1228

[5] Scavo LM, Karas et al. Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Stimulates Both Cell Growth and Lipogenesis during Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Adipocytes. J Clin Endocrin Metab 89;7:3542-3552.

[6] Litsey T. Acupuncture vs. Cancer: Re-Engaging the Body's Immune System . AcupunctureToday. October, 2003, Vol. 04, Issue 10

[7] http://mosao2.org/Article%20-%20Medicine/cancer_Otto_Warburg_00.pdf Downloaded 02-24-13.

[8] Chen Q, Espey MG, Krishna MC, Mitchell JB, Corpe CP, Buettner GR, Shacter E, Levine M. Pharmacologic ascorbic acid concentrations selectively kill cancer cells: action as a pro-drug to deliver hydrogen peroxide to tissues. Proc Natl Acad SciU S A. 2005 Sep 20; 102(38):13604-9.

[9] Sudheesh NP, Ajith TA, Janardhanan KK, Krishnan CV. Effect of POLY-MVA, a palladium alpha-lipoic acid complex formulation against declined mitochondrial antioxidant status in the myocardium of aged rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Jul;48(7):1858-62. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.04.022.

[10] Li WW, Li VW, Hutnik M, Chiou AS. Tumor angiogenesis as a target for dietary cancer prevention. J Oncol. 2012;2012:879623. doi: 10.1155/2012/879623.

[11] Arulselvan P, Wen CC, Lan CW, Chen YH, Wei WC, Yang NS. Dietary administration of scallion extract effectively inhibits colorectal tumor growth: cellular and molecular mechanisms in mice. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44658.

[12] Lee C, Longo VD. Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients. Oncogene. 2011 Jul 28;30(30):3305-16. doi: 10.1038/onc.2011.91.

[13 Apostolou P, Toloudi M, Chatziioannou M, Ioannou E, Papasotiriou I. Cancer stem cells stemness transcription factors expression correlates with breast cancer disease stage. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2012 Nov;7(6):415-9.

[14] S Meng, D Tripathy, et al; HER-2 gene amplification can be acquired as breast cancer progresses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. June 22, 2004;101(25):9393-8.

[15] P. Wlfing, J Borchard, et al; HER2-positive circulating tumor cells indicate poor clinical outcome in stage I to III breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res. March 15, 2006;12(6):1715-20.

[16] CA Olsson, GM De Vries, et al; The use of RT-PCR for prostate-specific antigen assay to predict potential surgical failures before radical prostatectomy: molecular staging of prostate cancer. Br J Urol. March 7, 1996;7(3):411-7.

[17] DF Hayes, AD Thor, et al; Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) Investigators. HER2 and response to paclitaxel in node-positive breast cance r. New England Journal of Medicine, October 11, 2007;357(15):1496-506.

[18] A Gennari, MP Sormani ,et al; HER2 status and efficacy of adjuvant anthracyclines in early breast cancer: a pooled analysis of randomized trials. J Natl Cancer Inst. January 2, 2008; 100(1):14-20.

[19] SM Swain, FS Whaley, MS Ewer; Congestive heart failure in patients treated with doxorubicin: a retrospective analysis of three trials. Cancer. June 1, 2003; 97(11):2869-79.

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Scotssdale Cancer Treatment Center | AZ Integrative Medicine

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Coverage Policy – Arkansas Blue Cross and Blue Shield

Posted: September 7, 2016 at 4:53 am

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Autologous or Allogeneic Stem &/or Progenitor Cell Support- POEMS Abatacept (Orencia) for Rheumatoid Arthritis Ablation Ther Atrial Fibrillation (Pulmo Venous Isolation, Radiofreq, Cryo, Ablation Therapy for Atrial Arrhythmias other than Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Therapy, Radiofrequency and Cryoablation of Pulmonary Tumors Acupuncture Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Autologous Fat Grafting to the Breast Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine (Trastuzumab-DM1) for Tx of HER-2+ Malignancies Adoptive Immunotherapy Alcohol Injections for Treatment of Peripheral Neuromas Alemtuzumab ( Lemtrada) Allergen Specific IgE In Vitro Testing Allergy Immunotherapy Allergy Testing, Metal Allergy Testing, Serial Endpoint Testing Allogeneic Donor Leukocyte Infusion Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Amevive (Alefacept) Amniocentesis/Chorionic Villus Samp-Detect Fetal Hereditary/Chromosomal Abn Amniotic Membrane and Amniotic Fluid Injections Angioplasty/Stent, Percutaneous, Carotid Artery Angioplasty/Stenting/Atherectomy of LE, Abd Aortic, & Visceral Arteries Annuloplasty: Percutaneous Intradiscal: IDET, PIRFT or Biacuplasty Anti-PD-1 (programmed death receptor-1)Therapy (Pembrolizumab)(Nivolumab) Antigen Leukocyte Antibody Test (ALCAT) Antineoplaston Cancer Therapy Antiprothrombin Antibody Antithrombin III Replacement Apheresis, Therapeutic (Plasma Exchange Transfusion) Aqueous Shunts and Devices for Glaucoma Arthroereisis for Pes Planus (Flat Feet) (Subtalar stabilization) Artificial Heart, Total Artificial Vertebral Disc, Cervical Spine Artificial Vertebral Disc, Lumbar Spine Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) Auditory Evoked Potential Autism Spectrum Disorder, Early Behavioral Intervention Autism Spectrum Disorder, Interventions NOT Early Behavioral Intervention Autologous Chondrocyte Implant for Focal Articular Cartilage Lesions Autologous Stem-cell Therapy to Treat Peripheral Arterial Disease Automated Whole Breast Ultrasound Balloon Sinuplasty Biochemical Marker's, Alzheimer's Disease Biofeedback as a Trtmnt of Chronic Pain Biofeedback as a Trtmnt of Fecal Incontinence or Constipation Biofeedback as a Trtmnt of Headache Biofeedback as a Trtmnt of Urinary Incontinence in Adults Biofeedback for Miscellaneous Indications Bioimpedance Devices for Detection of Lymphedema Biomarker Panel Testing for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Biomarker Test (Vectra DA) Monitoring Disease Activity-Rheumatoid Arthriti Biomarker Test, reDx, Diabetes Risk Score Biomarker, Methotrexate Polyglutamates Predict Response Methotrexate -RA Biomarker, Serum Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) Biomarkers for Liver Disease Biventricular Pacemakers for the Trtmnt of Congestive Heart Failure Blepharoplasty/Blepharoptosis Blinatumomab (Blincyto) Blood/Platelet-Derived Growth Factors for Wound Healing Bone Growth Stim, Elec, Adjunct to Spinal Fusion Bone Growth Stim, Elect, Appendicular Skeleton Bone Markers (Collagen Crosslinks as Biological Markers of Bone Turnover) Bone Mineral Density Study Bone Morphogenetic Protein Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Brachytherapy, Brain Tumors Brachytherapy, Breast Brachytherapy, Endobronchial Brachytherapy, Prostate, High-Dose Rate Temporary Brachytherapy, Prostate, Low-dose Rate Brachytherapy, Radioembolization Primary & Metastatic Tumors of the Liver Bronchial Thermoplasty Capsaicin (Qutenza) for the Trtmnt of Post-Herpetic Neuralgia Cardiac Event Recorder, External Loop or Continuous Recorder Cardiac Event Recorder, Insertable Loop Recorder Cardiac Event Recorder, Mobile Telemetry Cardiac Rehabilitation Cardiovascular Risk Panels Cardioverter Defibrillator; Implantable, SubQ, & Wearable Carotid Intima -Media Thickness, US Meas Assess Subclinic Atherosclerosis Certified Nurse Midwives Certified Nurse Practitioners Chelation Therapy Chemical Ecology (Environ Illness, Multi Chem Sensitiv, Environ Hypersensi Chemical Labyrinthectomy in the Trtmnt of Meniere's Syndrome Chemical Peels Chemodenerv BOTOX Chemodenerv BOTOX for the Trtmnt of Chronic Migraine Headache Chemosensitivity and Chemoresistance Assays, In-Vitro Chemotherapy for Malignancy Chromoendoscopy as an Adjunct to Colonoscopy Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency in MS, Diagnosis & Trtmnt Chronic Intermittent Intravenous Insulin Therapy (CIIIT) Circulating Tumor Cells in the Mgmt of Patients with Cancer, Detection of Clinical Nurse Specialist Closure Devices-Atrial/Ventricular Septal Defects (ASD, VSD) or PFO, Percut Cochlear Implant Cognitive Rehabilitation Cold Therapy Computed Tomography (CT) Cardiac and Coronary Artery Computed Tomography (CT) Perfusion Imaging Computed Tomography (CT) Scanning for Lung Cancer Screening Computer-Assisted Musculoskeletal Surgical Navigational Orthopedic Procedur Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Continuous Passive Motion Device In the Home Setting Cord Blood as a Source of Stem Cells for Potential Disease Cord Blood as a Source of Stem Cells for Trtmnt of Identified Disease Corneal Collagen Cross-linking Corneal Topography Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring, Screening, to Predict Risk for Coronary Ar Corticosteroid Infusion of Middle Ear for Sudden Hearing Loss Cryosurgical Ablation of Breast Tumors, Benign and Malignant Cryosurgical Ablation of Pancreatic Cancer Cryosurgical Ablation of Primary or Metastatic Liver Tumors Cryosurgical Ablation of Prostate Cancer Cryosurgical Ablation of Renal Tumors Current Perception Threshold Test Cutting Guides and Custom Knee Implants Cytoreduction Surgery with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Daclatasvir (Daklinza) Daratumumab (Darzalex) Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Digital Imaging Systems for the Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Digital Motion X-ray (Cineradiography/Videoradiography) MusculoskeletalCond Digitization: Computer Enhanced X Ray Analysis for Spinal Evaluation Dopamine Transporter Imaging with Single Photon Emission CT (DAT-SPECT) Droxidopa (Northera) Dry Needling of Myofascial Trigger Points Eculizumab (Soliris) EKG, Signal Averaged Elec Stim, Auricular Stimulation and Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation Elec Stim, Baroreflex Stim for the Trtmnt of Hypertension Elec Stim, Deep Brain (e.g. Parkinson, Dystonia, MS, Post Traumatic Dyskine Elec Stim, Occipital Nerve Stim for Trtmnt of Headaches Elec Stim, Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stim(PENS) or PNT Elec Stim, Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stim for the Trtmt Voiding Dysfunction Elec Stim, Transcutaneous Elec Nerve Stim Elec Stim, Vagus Nerve Stim for the Trtmnt of Depression Elec Stim, Vagus Nerve Stim for the Trtmnt of Essential Tremors Elec Stim, Vagus Nerve Stim for the Trtmnt of Fibromyalgia Elec Stim, Vagus Nerve Stim for the Trtmnt of Headaches Elec Stim, Vagus Nerve Stim for the Trtmnt of Heart Failure Elec Stim, Vagus Nerve Stim for the Trtmnt of Obesity Elec Stim, Vagus Nerve Stim for the Trtmnt of Seizures Elec/Electromagnetic Stim for the Trtmnt of Arthritis Electric Breast Pump (Hospital Grade) Electrical/Magnetic Stim, Pelvic Floor Muscles-Urinary & Fecal Incontinence Electrocardiogram, Computerized 2-Lead Analysis for the Diagnosis of CAD Electrocardiographic Body Surface Mapping Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy Electrophrenic Pacemaker (Diaphragmatic Pacemaker) ElectroStim and Electromagnetic Therapy for the Trtmnt of Wounds Endobronchial Valves Endothelial Function Testing, Noninvasive Endothelial Keratoplasty Endovascular Procedures, Intracranial Arterial Dz & Extracranial Vertebral Endovascular Stent Grafts for Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms or Dissections Epidural Adhesiolysis, Percutaneous Epiduroscopy Epiretinal Rad Ther for Age-Related Macular Degeneration ESWL for Plantar Fasciitis and Other Musculoskeletal Conditions ESWL in the Trtmnt of Peyronie's Disease Etanercept (Enbrel) External Enhanced Cardiac Counterpulsation (EECP) Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Adult Conditions Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery in Cerebrovascular Disease Eyelid Thermal Pulsation for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Clostridium Difficile Femoroacetabular Impingement, Surgical Trtmnt of Fetal Fibronectin Enzyme Immunoassay Focal Treatments for Prostate Cancer Food and Chemical Sensitivity Testing Functional Anesthetic Discography Functional Intracellular Analysis Gait Analysis Galectin Measurement Gastric NeuroStim for Morbid Obesity Gastric NeuroStim for Trtmnt of Gastric and/or Small Bowel Paresi Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Magnetic Esophageal Ring Genetic Test: Analysis of MGMT Promoter Methylation in Malignant Gliomas Genetic Test: Aspirin Trtmnt, Lipoprotein(a) Variant(s) as a Decision Aid Genetic Test: Breast Ca Predict; Risk of Recurrence Need for Adjuvant Chem Genetic Test: Molecular Markers in Fine Needle Aspirates of the Thyroid Genetic Test: X-Linked Opitz G/BBB Syndrome, MID1 Mutation Testing Genetic Test: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, (FLT3 and NPM1) Genetic Test: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Prediction of Disease Prog Genetic Test: Aid in the Mgmt of Psychiatric Meds & Conditions Genetic Test: Allopurinol Sensitivity (HLA-B*5801) Genetic Test: Alpha Thalessemia Genetic Test: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Genetic Test: Alzheimer's Disease Genetic Test: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Genetic Test: Asthma, HLA-DR and HLA-DQ Genotyping Genetic Test: Azothiaprine 6MP Sensitivity,Genotyping Phenotyping (TPMT) Genetic Test: BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutations Genetic Test: Breast Ca Predict; Risk of Distant Metastasis Adjuvant Chem Genetic Test: Breast Ca Predict; Risk of Distant Metastasis Need Adjuvant C Genetic Test: Breast Ca; Risk Recurrence Need Adjuvamt Chemo (Oncotype Dx) Genetic Test: Canavan Disease Genetic Test: Cancer Susceptibility Panels Using Next Generation Sequencing Genetic Test: Carbamazepine HLA-B*1502 Genetic Test: Cardiac Ion Channelopathies Genetic Test: Celiac Disease, HLA Typing (HLA-DQ) Genetic Test: Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy (CADASIL) (NOTCH3) Genetic Test: CHARGE Syndrome Genetic Test: Chromosomal Microarray (CMA) & NGS Eval Pat Devel Delay/Autis Genetic Test: CMA Testing for the Evaluation of Pregnancy Loss Genetic Test: CML and ALL (BCR-ABL) Genetic Test: Colon Ca, KRAS, NRAS,BRAF Mutation-Tumor Sensitivity to Chemo Genetic Test: Colon Cancer, Gene Expression Profiling Genetic Test: Coronary Artery Disease, Testing to Predict Risk (Corus CAD) Genetic Test: Diagnosis & CA Risk Assessment for Prostate Cancer Genetic Test: Dilated Cardiomyopathy Genetic Test: Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy Genetic Test: Epilepsy Genetic Test: Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy Genetic Test: Factor V Leiden Genetic Test: Fanconi Anemia Genetic Test: Fecal DNA to Detect Colorectal Cancer, Screening Genetic Test: Fetal RHD Genotyping Using Maternal Plasma Genetic Test: FMR 1 Mutations Including Fragile X Syndrome Genetic Test: Genotyping for 9p21 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-Cardio Genetic Test: Germline Mutations RET Protooncogene in Medullary Cx Thyroid Genetic Test: Head & Neck Cancer, EGFR Mutation Analysis Genetic Test: Heart Transplantation Rejection, AlloMap Testing Genetic Test: Hemochromatosis Genetic Test: HER2 Testing Genetic Test: Hereditary Pancreatitis Genetic Test: HERmark, HER2 Breast Cancer Assay Meas HER2 Tot Protein Ex Genetic Test: HLA-B*5701 Testing for Abacavir Hypersensitivity Reaction Genetic Test: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Predisposition Genetic Test: Inherited Peripheral Neuropathies (Charcot Marie Tooth, HNPP) Genetic Test: JAK2 and MPL Mutation Test for Myeloproliferative Disorders Genetic Test: KIF6 Predict Risk for CVD and/or Effectiveness of Statin Tx Genetic Test: KIT (c-KIT, CD117) Genetic Test: Lactase Insufficiency (-13910 C>T) Genetic Test: Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Genetic Test: Lynch Syndrome and Inherited Intestinal Polyposis Syndromes Genetic Test: Macular Degeneration Genetic Test: Melanoma, Hereditary Genetic Test: Melanoma, V600E Mutation Testing - Vemurafenib (Zelboraf) Genetic Test: Microarray-based Gene Exp Profile Analysis Prostate CA Mang Genetic Test: Microarray-Based Gene Expression Testing, CUP Genetic Test: Miscellaneous Genetic and Molecular Diagnostic Tests Genetic Test: Mitochondrial Disorders Genetic Test: Molecular Testing of Tumors for Genomic Profiling Genetic Test: Multiple Myeloma, Gene Expression Profiling Genetic Test: Mutation Testing for Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies Genetic Test: Neurofibromatosis Genetic Test: PALB2 Mutations Genetic Test: PathFinderTG Molecular Testing Genetic Test: Pharmacogenetic Testing for Pain Management Genetic Test: Prenatal Analysis of Fetal DNA Detect Fetal Aneuploidy Genetic Test: Prothrombin Thrombophilia (G20210A) and MTHFR Mutations Genetic Test: PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome Genetic Test: Rett Syndrome Genetic Test: Statin-Induced Myopathy (SLCO1B1) Genetic Test: Tamoxifen Trtmnt (CYP2D6) Genetic Test: Testing for Use of 5-FU in Patients with Cancer Genetic Test: UGT1A1 to Predict Toxicity to Irinotecan Genetic Test: Universal Gene Test (Counsyl) Genetic Test: Use of Common Genetic Variants (SNPS), Nonfamilial Breast CA Genetic Test: Uveal Melanoma, Gene Expr Profile Predict Risk of Metastasis Genetic Test: Warfarin Dose/Response Genetic Test: Whole Exome Sequencing Genetic Testing: CHEK2 Mutations for Breast Cancer Glaucoma Evaluation, Ophthalmologic Techniques Glucose Monitoring, Continuous Golimumab (Simponi) Growth Hormone, Human Handheld Radio Spectroscopy for Intraoperative Assessment of Surg Margins.. HDC & Allo-Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia HDC & Allo-Acute Myelogenous Leukemia HDC & Allo-Auto-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma HDC & Allo-Auto-Chronic Malignant Astrocytomas & Gliomas HDC & Allo-Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia HDC & Allo-Ewing's Sarcoma HDC & Allo-Genetic Diseases & Acquired Anamias HDC & Allo-Hematophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis HDC & Allo-Hodgkin's Disease HDC & Allo-Myelodysplastic Disease HDC & Allo-Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma HDC & Allo-Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNET) & Ependymoma HDC & Allo-Solid Tumors of Childhood HDC & Auto-Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia HDC & Auto-Acute Myelogenous Leukemia HDC & Auto-Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia HDC & Auto-Ewing's Sarcoma HDC & Auto-followed by Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic SCT for Multiple Myeloma HDC & Auto-Germ Cell Tumors HDC & Auto-Hodgkin's Disease HDC & Auto-Multiple Myeloma HDC & Auto-Myelodysplastic Syndrome HDC & Auto-Non Hodgkin's Lymphomas HDC & Auto-Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNET) & Ependymoma HDC & Auto-Solid Tumors of Childhood HDC & Auto-Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia HDC & Autologous or Allogeneic Stem Cell Sup-Epith Ovarian Cancer HDC & Hematopoietic Stem Cell Support for Breast Cancer HDC & Hematopoietic Stem Cell Support-Autoim Diseases Include Mult HDC & Hematopoietic Stem Cell Support-Misc Solid Tumors Adults HDC -AL Amyloidosis (Light Chain Amyloidosis) Heartsbreath Test for Heart Transplant Rejection Detection Hemodynamic Monitoring of Heart Failure, Mgmt in the Outpatient Setting Hepatic Tumors, Ablative Procedures(PEI, Acetic Acid Inj, ILP, LITT) Hereditary Angioedema, Prophylaxis and Acute Treatment Hip Resurfacing Hippotherapy HIV Tropism, Testing Home Apnea Monitors Home Uterine Activity Monitor Homocysteine Measurement Hormone Pellet Implantation for Hormone Replacement Therapy Human Papilloma Virus Testing of Cervical Pap Smears Hyperbaric Oxygen Pressurization (HBO) Hyperhidrosis Trtmnt Hysteroscopic Placement Micro-Inserts in Fallopian Tubes Form Immune Cell Function Assay Immune Globulin, Intravenous and Subcutaneous Implantable Bone Conduction Hearing Aids Implantable Infusion Pump Implantable Telescope for the Trtmnt of Age-Related Macular Degeneration IMRT IMRT, Anus, Anal Canal IMRT, Breast IMRT, Lung IMRT, Prostate Infertility Services Infliximab (Remicade) Ingestible pH and Pressure Capsule Injection, Clostridial Collagenase Fibroproliferative Disorders Insulin Infusion Pumps, External Interferon Gamma-1B Interspinous and Interlaminar Stabilization/Distraction Devices (Spacers) Interventions for Progressive Scoliosis Intradialytic Parenteral Nutrition Intraepidermal Nerve Fiber Density Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring Intraoperative Radiation Therapy Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments, Implantation Intrauterine Systems, Progesterone or Progestogen-Releasing Intravenous Lidocaine or Ketamine Outpatient Management of Chronic Pain Intravitreal Implant, Dexamethasone (Ozurdex) Intravitreal Implant, Fluocinolone Acetonide (Retisert, Iluvien) Ipilimumab (Yervoy) Iron Therapy, Parenteral Irreversible Electroporation, Nanoknife Keratomileusis Keratophakia Keratoplasties, Refractive Keratoprosthesis Kyphoplasty, Percutaneous and Mechanical Vertebral Augmentation Lab Test: Identification of Microorganisms Using Nucleic Acid Probes Laser Treatment of Onychomycosis Laser Trtmnt of Congenital Port Wine Stain Hemangiomas Left Atrial Appendage, Closure Device, Percutaneous Leuprolide (Lupron) LITT for Brain Tumors Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) Lung Volume Reduction Surgery (LVRS) Lyme Disease, Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy and Associated Diagnostic Test Lymphedema Pumps (Pneumatic Compression Devices) Trtmnt of Lymphedema Macular Translocation Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Magnetoencephalography/Magnetic Source Imaging Mammoplasty, Reduction Mastectomy, Male Gynecomastia Mastectomy, Prophylactic Maze Procedure Measurement of Serum Antibodies to Infliximab and Adalimumab Measuremt of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Dx and Mgmt of Asthma & Other Resp Disord Measuremt of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) -Cardiovasul Measuremt of Serum Intermediate Density Lipoproteins (Remnant-like Partic Meniscal Allograft Transplantation and Synthetic Meniscal Implants Mepolizumab (Nucala) Metabolite Testing, Monitor Antimetabolite Therapy for IBS, CVD, ALL Microprocessor-Controlled Prostheses for the Lower Limb Microwave Ablation of Tumors Microwave Thermotherapy for Breast Cancer Minimally Invasive Image-Guided Lumbar Decompression for Spinal Stenosis Minimally Invasive Lumbar Interbody Fusion Mohs' Micrographic Surgery MR Guided Ultrasound Ablation - Uterine Fibroids and Other Tumors MRI Targeted Biopsy of the Prostate MRI, Breast MRI, Cardiac Applications MRI, Functional Multiple Sleep Latency/Maintenance of Wakefulness Test Multispectral Digital Skin Lesion Analysis (MelaFind) (MSDSLA) Multitarget PCR Testing for Dx of Bacterial Vaginosis (SureSwab) (NuSwab) Mutation Molecular Analysis for Targeted Therapy in Patients With NSCLC Myocardial Damage, Auto Cell Therapy(progenitor, hematopoietic SC, Myoblast Myocardial Sympathetic Innervation Imaging in Patients with Heart Failure Myoelectric Prosthesis for the Upper Limb Natalizumab (Tysabri) Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Needle Arthroscopy Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS), EMG and SEMG Nerve Graft For Patients Undergoing Radical Non-Nerve-Sparing Prostatectomy Nesiritide (Natrecor) for Use in the Outpatient Setting Neural Therapy Neurofeedback Neuromuscular Stim, Functional Non-Myeloablative Allo SCT Noninvasive Imaging Technologies to Detect Liver Fibrosis or Cirrhosis Novel Lipid Risk Factors in Risk Assessment & Management of CV Disease Nutritional Panel Testing (NutrEval, ONE FMV) Nutritional Supplements OATS and/or Mosaicplasty For Osteochondral Defects of the Knee Ocriplasmin (Jetrea) for Symptomatic Vitreomacular Adhesion Omalizumab (Xolair) Oophorectomy, Prophylactic Oprelvekin (Neumega) Optical Coherence Tomography Anterior Eye Segment Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Coronary Arteries Optical Diagnostic Devices, Evaluating Skin Lesions Suspected of Malignancy Orthopedic Applications of Stem Cell Therapy Orthoptic Training for the Trtmnt of Vision and Learning Disabilities Oscillatory Devices for Chest Physical Therapy Osteochondral Allograft and/or Mosaicplasty for Osteochondral Defects Knee Ovarian & Internal Iliac Vein Embolization Trtmnt of Pelvic Congest Syndrom Pain Management, Facet Joint Block Pain Management, Facet Nerve Denervation, other than Radiofreq Pain Management, Radiofreq Facet Joint Denervation Paliperidone Palmitate (Injectables Invega Sustenna & Invega Trinza) pasireotide Patient-actuated End Range Motion Stretching Devices PCSK9 INHIBITORS (Evolocumab) (Alirocumab) PDE-5 Inhibitors for Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (Tadalafil) Percutaneous Transluminal Endovascular Graft for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Peripheral Subcutaneous Field Stimulation Periureteral Bulking Agents Trtmnt of Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) Periurethral Bulking Agents Trtmnt of urinary and Fecal Incontinence Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) for Treatment of Esophageal Achalasia Pertuzumab PET or PET/CT for Anal Carcinoma PET or PET/CT for Brain Imaging, Non-malignant Dis PET or PET/CT for Breast Cancer PET or PET/CT for Carcinoma of Unknown Primary (CUP) PET or PET/CT for Cervical Cancer PET or PET/CT for Colorectal Cancer PET or PET/CT for Esophageal or Esophagogastric Junction (EGJ) Cancer PET or PET/CT for Gastric Cancer PET or PET/CT for Head and Neck Malignant Disease PET or PET/CT for Hodgkin's Lymphoma PET or PET/CT for Lymphadenopathy of Unknown Cause PET or PET/CT for Malignant Brain Tumors PET or PET/CT for Melanoma PET or PET/CT for Mesothelioma PET or PET/CT for Neuroendocrine Tumors PET or PET/CT for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma PET or PET/CT for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer PET or PET/CT for Ovarian Cancer PET or PET/CT for Pancreatic Cancer PET or PET/CT for Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis PET or PET/CT for Renal Cell Carcinoma PET or PET/CT for Small Cell Lung Cancer PET or PET/CT for Soft Tissue Sarcoma, including GIST PET or PET/CT for Testicular Germ Cell Cancer PET or PET/CT for Thymoma/Thymic Carcinoma PET or PET/CT for Thyroid Cancer PET or PET/CT for Vulvar Carcinoma PET or PET/CT, Choline C 11 or FDG, for Prostate Cancer PET Scan for Alzheimer's-Beta Amyloid Imaging PET Scan for Alzheimer's-FDG PET Scan for Cardiac Applications PET Scan for Multiple Myeloma, Plasmacytoma Photochemotherapy (PUVA) Photochemotherapy, Extracorporeal Trtmnt of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Photochemotherapy, Extracorporeal Trtmnt of Graft-versus-Host Disease Photochemotherapy, Extracorporeal Trtmnt to Prevent Reject after Transplant Photodynamic Therapy for Dermatologic Conditions Photodynamic Therapy for Malignancy Photodynamic Therapy for Ophthalmology Phototherapy for Psoriasis Phototherapy for Vitiligo Physician Assistants Platelet-Rich Plasma (Autologous Growth Factors), Orthopedic Applications Plugs for Anal Fistula Repair Pneumatic Compression Device, Intermittent, after Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Polysomnography for Non-Respiratory Sleep Disorders Positional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Positional Plagiocephaly & Craniosynostoses: Adjustable Cranial Orthoses Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) Posturography, Dynamic/Static Powered Exoskeleton for Ambulation in Patients with Lower Limb Disabilities PPACA FOR NGP: ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: ALCOHOL MISUSE COUNSELING AND/OR SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: ANEMIA, SCREENING, INFANTS, CHILDREN & ADOLESCENTS PPACA FOR NGP: ASPIRIN TO PREVENT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN ADULTS PPACA FOR NGP: ASPIRIN, TO PREVENT MORBIDITY & MORTALITY FROM PREECLAMPSIA PPACA FOR NGP: AUTISM SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: BACTERIURIA SCREENING IN PREGNANT WOMEN PPACA FOR NGP: BICYCLE HELMET USE, CHILDREN & ADOLESCENTS PPACA FOR NGP: BLOOD PRESSURE, SCREENING, INFANTS, CHILDREN & ADOLESCENTS PPACA FOR NGP: BRCA TESTING; GENETIC COUNSELING AND EVALUATION PPACA FOR NGP: BREAST CANCER PREVENTIVE MEDICATION PPACA FOR NGP: BREAST CANCER SCREENING (MAMMOGRAPHY) PPACA FOR NGP: BREASTFEEDING COUNSELING PPACA FOR NGP: CARDIOMETABOLIC RISKS OF OBESITY, CHILDREN & ADOLESCENTS PPACA FOR NGP: CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: CHLAMYDIAL INFECTION SCREENING IN WOMEN & ADOLESCENTS PPACA FOR NGP: COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: CONTRACEPTIVE USE AND COUNSELING PPACA FOR NGP: DENTAL CARIES PREVENTION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN PPACA FOR NGP: DEPRESSION SCREENING IN ADOLESCENTS PPACA FOR NGP: DEPRESSION SCREENING, ADULTS PPACA FOR NGP: DEVELOPMENTAL SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: FOLIC ACID FOR PREVENTION OF NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS PPACA FOR NGP: GESTATIONAL DIABETES SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: GONORRHEA PROPHYLAXIS, NEWBORN OPHTHALMIC PPACA FOR NGP: GONORRHEA SCREENING, WOMEN & ADOLESCENTS PPACA FOR NGP: HCV SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: HEARING LOSS SCREENING IN NEWBORNS UP TO AGE 21 PPACA FOR NGP: HEP B VIRUS INFECTION, SCREENING, PREGNANCY, ADOL & ADULTS PPACA FOR NGP: HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE SCREENING IN ADULTS PPACA FOR NGP: HPV SCREENING FOR SEXUALLY ACTIVE WOMEN PPACA FOR NGP: HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) COUNSELING & SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: HYPOTHYROIDISM SCREENING IN NEWBORNS PPACA FOR NGP: IBC, TO PROMOTE HEALTHY DIET & EXERCISE, ADULTS PPACA FOR NGP: INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; SCREENING IN WOMEN PPACA FOR NGP: IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA SCREENING IN PREGNANT WOMEN PPACA FOR NGP: IRON SUPPLEMENTATION FOR CHILDREN PPACA FOR NGP: LEAD SCREENING, INFANTS & CHILDREN PPACA FOR NGP: LUNG CANCER SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: MEDIA USE, SCREENING & COUNSELING PPACA FOR NGP: METABOLIC/HEMOGLOBIN SCREENING, NEWBORNS PPACA FOR NGP: OBESITY IN CHILDREN; SCREENING AND COUNSELING PPACA FOR NGP: OBESITY SCREENING IN ADULTS PPACA FOR NGP: OSTEOPOROSIS SCREENING IN WOMEN PPACA FOR NGP: OVERVIEW PPACA FOR NGP: PHENYLKETONURIA SCREENING IN NEWBORNS PPACA FOR NGP: PREGNANCY SCREENING, SEXUALLY ACTIVE FEMALES PPACA FOR NGP: PREVENTION OF FALLS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS PPACA FOR NGP: RH INCOMPATABILITY SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: SERUM LIPIDS SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, BEHAVIORAL COUNSELING-PREVE PPACA FOR NGP: SICKLE CELL DISEASE, NEWBORN SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: SKIN CANCER, COUNSELING PPACA FOR NGP: SYPHILIS SCREENING PPACA FOR NGP: TB SCREENING, INFANTS, CHILDREN & ADOLESCENTS PPACA FOR NGP: TOBACCO USE, SCREENING, COUNSELING AND INTERVENTIONS PPACA FOR NGP: TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS SCREENING FOR ADULTS PPACA FOR NGP: VISUAL IMPAIRMENT SCREENING IN CHILDREN PPACA FOR NGP: WELL CHILD VISITS PPACA FOR NGP: WELL-WOMAN VISITS PPACA rule,NGP_Clinical Trials Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Testing or Trtmnt Procalcitonin Prolotherapy (Sclerotherapy) Prostate Cancer Predicting Risk of Recurrence, Systems Pathology Prostate, Saturation Biopsy Prostatic Stent, Temporary Prostatic Urethral Lift (UroLift System) Proteomics Predict Response to Chemotherapy (VeriStrat) Proteomics, Evaluation of Ovarian (Adnexal) Masses (e.g., OVA1, ROMA) Proteomics, Screening and Detection of Cancer (e.g., OvaCheck) Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Pharm Trtmnt w Prostacyclin Analogues, ETC Pulmonary Rehabilitation Pulsed Pressure, Trtmnt for Meniere's Disease Quantitative Electroencephalography as a Diagnostic Aid for ADHD Rad Ther, Image Guidance for Prostate Cancer Rad Ther, Proton Beam for Trtmnt of Prostate Cancer Rad Ther, Proton Beam or Helium Ion Irradiation, Other than Prostate Radioactive Seed Localization of Nonpalpable Breast Lesions Radiofreq Ablation & Other Laparoscopic & Perc Techniques, Uterine Fibroids Radiofreq Ablation, Barrett's Esophagus Radiofreq Ablation, Bony Metastases Radiofreq Ablation, Breast Tumors Radiofreq Ablation, Osteoid Osteoma Radiofreq Ablation, Renal Tumors Radiofreq Trtmnt of Fecal Incontinence Radiofreq Trtmnt, Chronic Back Pain (Nucleoplasty) Radiofrequency Ablation of Peripheral Nerves to Treat Pain Radiofrequency Ablation of Primary or Metastatic Liver Tumors Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Sympathetic Nerves, Tx for Resistant HTN Radioimmunoscintigraphy Imaging - In-111 Capromab Pendetide (ProstaScint) Radioimmunotherapy in the Trtmnt of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Radium Ra 223 dichloride for Symptomatic Osseous Metastatic Prostate Cancer Renal Artery, Angioplasty/Stenting, Percutaneous Repair Durable Medical Equipment (DME) and External Prosthetic Devices Repository Corticotropin Injection Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immune Prophylaxis with Palivizumab (Synagis) Responsive Neurostimulation for the Tx of Refractory Partial Epilepsy Rilonacept (Arcalyst) Rituximab (Rituxan), Off-label Use Sacral Nerve Stim Trtmnt of Fecal Incontinence Sacral Nerve Stim Trtmnt of Neurogenic Bladder Second to Spinal Cord Injury Sacral Nerve Stim Trtmnt of Urge Urinary Incontinence Sacroiliac Joint Fusion, Minimally Invasive Sacroplasty Scintimammography and Gamma Imaging of the Breast and Axilla Scleral Contact Lens, Gas Permeable Screening for Vertebral Fracture with Dual X-ray Absorptiornetry Semi-Implantable and Fully Implantable Middle Ear Hearing Aid Sensory Integration Therapy and Auditory Integration Therapy Serum Antibodies for Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Short Tandem Repeat Analysis for Specimen Provenance Test (know error) Sinus Spacers and Stents, Implantable, following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) for the Trtmnt of Prostate Cancer Skin and Soft Tissue Substitutes, Bio-Engineered Products Sleep Apnea & Pulmonary Disease, Ventilation Support & Resp Assist Devices Sleep Apnea, Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment Sleep Apnea, Testing Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi) Soft Tissue Substitutes, Orthobiologic Implant Spinal Cord NeuroStim for Trtmnt of Intractable Pain Spinal Decompression Ther (Internal Disc Decompression Ther, Spinal Distrac Spinal Manipulation Under General Anesthesia Spinal Unloading Devices Trtmnt Low Back Pain (Orthotrac Pneumatic Vest) ST2 Assay for Chronic Heart Failure Stem Cell Growth Factor, Romiplostim (Nplate) Stem Cell Growth Factors, ESAs, Darbepoetin, Epoetin, Peginesatide Stereotactic Radiosurgery Gamma Knife Surg ,Linear Accelerator, Cyberknife, Subconjunctival Retinal Prosthesis Surg Deactivation of Headache Trigger Sites Surg Interruption Pelvic Nerve Pathways for Prim & Second Dysmenorrhea Surgery for Morbid Obesity Teduglutide for SBS Telemedicine Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Testing For Drugs of Abuse including Controlled Substances Testosterone Replacement Therapy Thermography and Infrared Dermal Thermometry Tocolysis, Acute and Maintenance Therapy Total Facet Arthroplasty Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEMS/TAMIS) Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Treat Prim or Metas Liver Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Implantation Transcranial Magnetic Stim Trtmnt of Depression & Other Psychiatric Disorde Transesophageal Ther GERD, Endoscopic Radiofreq Transesophageal Ther GERD, Endoscopic Suturing, Transoral Incisionless Fund Transesophageal Therapy for GERD, Endoscopic Polymer Inj., Bulking Agents Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization Transplant, Allogeneic Islet Cell or Pancreas for Diabetes Mellitus Transplant, Autologous Islet Cell for Chronic Pancreatitis Transplant, Composite Tissue Allotransplantation, Hand and/or Face Transplant, Heart Transplant, Heart/Lung Transplant, Kidney Transplant, Liver Transplant, Lung and Lobar Lung Transplant, Small Bowel Transplant, Small Bowel/Liver and Multivisceral Transpupillary Thermotherapy for Trtmnt of Choroidal Neovascularization Trastuzumab Treatment of Varicose Veins/Venous Insufficiency Tumor Antigen, CA 125 (Carcinoembryonic Antigen 125) Tumor Antigen, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Tumor Markers, Urinary Bladder Cancer Tumor Vaccines Tumor-Treating Fields Therapy for Glioblastoma (NovoTTF) Ultrafiltration in Decompensated Heart Failure Under Heavy Sedation or General Anesthesia as a Tech of Opioid Detoxificati Unicondylar Interpositional Spacer Trtmnt Unicompartmental Arthritis Knee Urinary Metabolite Tests for Adherence to DAA Medications for HEP C US Accelerated Fracture Healing Device US Maternity Care US Maternity Care, 1st Trim Detect Down Syndrome-Fetal US Assess Nuchal Tra US Trtmnt for Wounds, Non-Contact Uterine Artery Embolization Trtmnt of Leiomyomas or Abnormal Uterine Bleedi Vacuum Assisted Closure Device Vagal Nerve Blocking Therapy for the Treatment of Obesity Vedolizumab (Entyvio) for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Ventricular Assist Devices Ventricular Restoration/Remodeling, Surgical Vertebroplasty, Percutaneous Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib Viekira Pak Virtual Colonoscopy/CT Colonography Viscocanalostomy and Canaloplasty Viscosupplementation for Trtmnt of Osteoarthritis of the Knee Whole Body Computed Tomography Scan as a Screening Test Wireless Capsule Endoscopy, Small Bowel Study, Esophagus & Colon Wireless Pressure Sensors in Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

When you select a policy, you will see its title, category and effective date at the top of the page. A description of the treatment and the actual policy, which explains what is covered, follow. At the bottom of the page, you will see related CPT codes and references.

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Coverage Policy - Arkansas Blue Cross and Blue Shield

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Types of Diabetes | NIDDK

Posted: September 7, 2016 at 4:52 am

Learn about Diabetes

You can learn how to take care of your diabetes and prevent some of the serious problems diabetes can cause. The more you know, the better you can manage your diabetes.

Share this booklet with your family and friends so they will understand more about diabetes. Also make sure to ask your health care team any questions you might have.

You can learn how to take care of your diabetes.

Diabetes is when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. Blood glucose is the main type of sugar found in your blood and your main source of energy. Glucose comes from the food you eat and is also made in your liver and muscles. Your blood carries glucose to all of your bodys cells to use for energy.

Your pancreasan organ, located between your stomach and spine, that helps with digestionreleases a hormone it makes, called insulin, into your blood. Insulin helps your blood carry glucose to all your bodys cells. Sometimes your body doesnt make enough insulin or the insulin doesnt work the way it should. Glucose then stays in your blood and doesnt reach your cells. Your blood glucose levels get too high and can cause diabetes or prediabetes.

Over time, having too much glucose in your blood can cause health problems.

Prediabetes is when the amount of glucose in your blood is above normal yet not high enough to be called diabetes. With prediabetes, your chances of getting type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke are higher. With some weight loss and moderate physical activity, you can delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. You can even return to normal glucose levels, possibly without taking any medicines.

The signs and symptoms of diabetes are

Some people with diabetes dont have any of these signs or symptoms. The only way to know if you have diabetes is to have your doctor do a blood test.

The three main types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. People can develop diabetes at any age. Both women and men can develop diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes, which used to be called juvenile diabetes, develops most often in young people; however, type 1 diabetes can also develop in adults. In type 1 diabetes, your body no longer makes insulin or enough insulin because the bodys immune system, which normally protects you from infection by getting rid of bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances, has attacked and destroyed the cells that make insulin.

Treatment for type 1 diabetes includes

Type 2 diabetes, which used to be called adult-onset diabetes, can affect people at any age, even children. However, type 2 diabetes develops most often in middle-aged and older people. People who are overweight and inactive are also more likely to develop type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes usually begins with insulin resistancea condition that occurs when fat, muscle, and liver cells do not use insulin to carry glucose into the bodys cells to use for energy. As a result, the body needs more insulin to help glucose enter cells. At first, the pancreas keeps up with the added demand by making more insulin. Over time, the pancreas doesnt make enough insulin when blood sugar levels increase, such as after meals. If your pancreas can no longer make enough insulin, you will need to treat your type 2 diabetes.

Treatment for type 2 diabetes includes

Gestational diabetes can develop when a woman is pregnant. Pregnant women make hormones that can lead to insulin resistance. All women have insulin resistance late in their pregnancy. If the pancreas doesnt make enough insulin during pregnancy, a woman develops gestational diabetes.

Overweight or obese women have a higher chance of gestational diabetes. Also, gaining too much weight during pregnancy may increase your likelihood of developing gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes most often goes away after the baby is born. However, a woman who has had gestational diabetes is more likely to develop type 2 diabetes later in life. Babies born to mothers who had gestational diabetes are also more likely to develop obesity and type 2 diabetes.

More information about diabetes and pregnancy is provided in the NIDDK health topic, What I need to know about Gestational Diabetes.

Over time, diabetes can lead to serious problems with your blood vessels, heart, nerves, kidneys, mouth, eyes, and feet. These problems can lead to an amputation, which is surgery to remove a damaged toe, foot, or leg, for example.

The most serious problem caused by diabetes is heart disease. When you have diabetes, you are more than twice as likely as people without diabetes to have heart disease or a stroke. With diabetes, you may not have the usual signs or symptoms of a heart attack. The best way to take care of your health is to work with your health care team to keep your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels in your target range. Targets are numbers you aim for.

Most people with diabetes get care from primary care providers, such as internists, family physicians, or pediatricians. A team of health care providers can also improve your diabetes care.

In addition to a primary care provider, your health care team may include

If diabetes makes you feel sad or angry, or if you have other problems that worry you, you should talk with a counselor or mental health professional. Your doctor or certified diabetes educator can help you find a counselor.

Talk with your doctor about what vaccines and immunizations, or shots, you should get to keep from getting sick. Preventing illness is an important part of taking care of your diabetes.

When you see members of your health care team, ask lots of questions. Prepare a list of questions before your visit. Be sure you understand everything you need to know about taking care of your diabetes.

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Ginger | University of Maryland Medical Center

Posted: September 6, 2016 at 10:49 am

Overview

Ginger, the "root" or the rhizome, of the plant Zingiber officinale, has been a popular spice and herbal medicine for thousands of years. It has a long history of use in Asian, Indian, and Arabic herbal traditions. In China, for example, ginger has been used to help digestion and treat stomach upset, diarrhea, and nausea for more than 2,000 years. Ginger has also been used to help treat arthritis, colic, diarrhea, and heart conditions.

It has been used to help treat the common cold, flu-like symptoms, headaches, and painful menstrual periods.

Ginger is native to Asia where it has been used as a cooking spice for at least 4,400 years.

Ginger is a knotted, thick, beige underground stem, called a rhizome. The stem sticks up about 12 inches above ground with long, narrow, ribbed, green leaves, and white or yellowish-green flowers.

Researchers think the active components of the ginger root are volatile oils and pungent phenol compounds, such as gingerols and shogaols.

Today, health care professionals may recommend ginger to help prevent or treat nausea and vomiting from motion sickness, pregnancy, and cancer chemotherapy. It is also used to treat mild stomach upset, to reduce pain of osteoarthritis, and may even be used in heart disease.

Several studies, but not all, suggest that ginger may work better than placebo in reducing some symptoms of motion sickness. In one trial of 80 new sailors who were prone to motion sickness, those who took powdered ginger had less vomiting and cold sweats compared to those who took placebo. Ginger did not reduce their nausea, however. A study with healthy volunteers found the same thing.

However, other studies found that ginger does not work as well as medications for motion sickness. In one small study, people were given either fresh root or powdered ginger, scopolamine, a medication commonly prescribed for motion sickness, or a placebo. Those who took scopolamine had fewer symptoms than those who took ginger. Conventional prescription and over-the-counter medicines for nausea may also have side effects that ginger does not, such as dry mouth and drowsiness.

Human studies suggest that 1g daily of ginger may reduce nausea and vomiting in pregnant women when used for short periods (no longer than 4 days). Several studies have found that ginger is better than placebo in relieving morning sickness.

In a small study of 30 pregnant women with severe vomiting, those who took 1 gram of ginger every day for 4 days reported more relief from vomiting than those who took placebo. In a larger study of 70 pregnant women with nausea and vomiting, those who got a similar dose of ginger felt less nauseous and did not vomit as much as those who got placebo. Pregnant women should ask their doctors before taking ginger and not take more than 1g per day.

A few studies suggest that ginger reduces the severity and duration of nausea, but not vomiting, during chemotherapy. However, one of the studies used ginger combined with another anti-nausea drug. So it is hard to say whether ginger had any effect. More studies are needed.

Research is mixed as to whether ginger can help reduce nausea and vomiting following surgery. Two studies found that 1g of ginger root before surgery reduced nausea as well as a leading medication. In one of these studies, women who took ginger also needed fewer medications for nausea after surgery. But other studies have found that ginger did not help reduce nausea. In fact, one study found that ginger may actually increase vomiting following surgery. More research is needed.

Traditional medicine has used ginger for centuries to reduce inflammation. And there is some evidence that ginger may help reduce pain from osteoarthritis (OA). In a study of 261 people with OA of the knee, those who took a ginger extract twice daily had less pain and needed fewer pain-killing medications than those who received placebo. Another study found that ginger was no better than ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) or placebo in reducing symptoms of OA. It may take several weeks for ginger to work.

Preliminary studies suggest that ginger may lower cholesterol and help prevent blood from clotting. That can help treat heart disease where blood vessels can become blocked and lead to heart attack or stroke. Other studies suggest that ginger may help improve blood sugar control among people with type 2 diabetes. More research is needed to determine whether ginger is safe or effective for heart disease and diabetes.

Ginger products are made from fresh or dried ginger root, or from steam distillation of the oil in the root. You can find ginger extracts, tinctures, capsules, and oils. You can also buy fresh ginger root and make a tea. Ginger is a common cooking spice and can be found in a variety of foods and drinks, including ginger bread, ginger snaps, ginger sticks, and ginger ale.

Pediatric

DO NOT give ginger to children under 2.

Children over 2 may take ginger to treat nausea, stomach cramping, and headaches. Ask your doctor to find the right dose.

Adult

In general, DO NOT take more than 4 g of ginger per day, including food sources. Pregnant women should not take more than 1 g per day.

The use of herbs is a time-honored approach to strengthening the body and treating disease. However, herbs can trigger side effects and interact with other herbs, supplements, or medications. For these reasons, herbs should be taken under the supervision of a health care provider, qualified in the field of botanical medicine.

It is rare to have side effects from ginger. In high doses it may cause mild heartburn, diarrhea, and irritation of the mouth. You may be able to avoid some of the mild stomach side effects, such as belching, heartburn, or stomach upset, by taking ginger supplements in capsules or taking ginger with meals.

People with gallstones should talk to their doctors before taking ginger. Be sure to tell your doctor if you are taking ginger before having surgery or being placed under anesthesia.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women, people with heart conditions, and people with diabetes should not take ginger without talking to their doctors.

DO NOT take ginger if you have a bleeding disorder or if you are taking blood-thinning medications, including aspirin.

Ginger may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines. If you take any of the following medicines, you should not use ginger without talking to your health care provider first.

Blood-thinning medications: Ginger may increase the risk of bleeding. Talk to your doctor before taking ginger if you take blood thinners, such as warfarin (Coumadin), clopidogrel (Plavix), or aspirin.

Diabetes medications: Ginger may lower blood sugar. That can raise the risk of developing hypoglycemia or low blood sugar.

High blood pressure medications: Ginger may lower blood pressure, raising the risk of low blood pressure or irregular heartbeat.

Ali BH, Blunden G, Tanira MO, Nemmar A. Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review of recent research. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008;46(2):409-20.

Altman RD, Marcussen KC. Effects of a ginger extract on knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44(11):2531-2538.

Apariman S, Ratchanon S, Wiriyasirivej B. Effectiveness of ginger for prevention of nausea and vomiting after gynecological laparoscopy. J Med Assoc Thai. 2006;89(12):2003-9.

Bliddal H, Rosetzsky A, Schlichting P, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study of ginger extracts and ibuprofen in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2000;8:9-12.

Bone ME, Wilkinson DJ, Young JR, McNeil J, Charlton S. Ginger root -- a new antiemetic. The effect of ginger root on postoperative nausea and vomiting after major gynaecological surgery. Anaesthesia. 1990;45(8):669-71.

Bordia A, Verma SK, Srivastava KC. Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) on blood lipids, blood sugar, and platelet aggregation ion patients with coronary heart disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1997;56(5):379-384.

Chaiyakunapruk N. The efficacy of ginger for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194(1):95-9.

Eberhart LH, Mayer R, Betz O, et al. Ginger does not prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery. Anesth Analg. 2003;96(4):995-8, table.

Ernst E, Pittler MH. Efficacy of ginger for nausea and vomiting: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. B J Anaesth. 2000;84(3):367-371.

Fischer-Rasmussen W, Kjaer SK, Dahl C, Asping U. Ginger treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1991 Jan 4;38(1):19-24.

Fuhrman B, Rosenblat M, Hayek T, Coleman R, Aviram M. Ginger extract consumption reduces plasma cholesterol, inhibits LDL oxidation, and attenuates development of atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic, apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Nutr. 2000;130(5):1124-1131.

Gonlachanvit S, Chen YH, Hasler WL, et al. Ginger reduces hyperglycemia-evoked gastric dysrhythmias in healthy humans: possible role of endogenous prostaglandins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;307(3):1098-1103.

Gregory PJ, Sperry M, Wilson AF. Dietary supplements for osteoarthritis. Am Fam Physician. 2008 Jan 15;77(2):177-84. Review.

Grontved A, Brask T, Kambskard J, Hentzer E. Ginger root against seasickness: a controlled trial on the open sea. Acta Otolaryngol. 1988;105:45-49.

Heck AM, DeWitt BA, Lukes AL. Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2000;57(13):1221-1227.

Kalava A, Darji SJ, Kalstein A, Yarmush JM, SchianodiCola J, Weinberg J. Efficacy of ginger on intraoperative and postoperative nausea and vomiting in elective cesarean section patients. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013;169(2):184-8.

Langner E, Greifenberg S, Gruenwald J. Ginger: history and use. Adv Ther. 1998;15(1):25-44.

Larkin M. Surgery patients at risk for herb-anaesthesia interactions. Lancet. 1999;354(9187):1362.

Lee SH, Cekanova M, Baek SJ. Multiple mechanisms are involved in 6-gingerol-induced cell growth arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Mol Carcinog. 2008;47(3):197-208.

Mahady GB, Pendland SL, Yun GS, et al. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and the gingerols inhibit the growth of Cag A+ strains of Helicobacter pylori. Anticancer Res. 2003;23(5A):3699-3702.

Nurtjahja-Tjendraputra E, Ammit AJ, Roufogalis BD, et al. Effective anti-platelet and COX-1 enzyme inhibitors from pungent constituents of ginger. Thromb Res. 2003;111(4-5):259-265.

Phillips S, Ruggier R, Hutchinson SE. Zingiber officinale (ginger) -- an antiemetic for day case surgery. Anaesthesia. 1993;48(8):715-717.

Pongrojpaw D, Somprasit C, Chanthasenanont A. A randomized comparison of ginger and dimenhydrinate in the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007 Sep;90(9):1703-9.

Portnoi G, Chng LA, Karimi-Tabesh L, et al. Prospective comparative study of the safety and effectiveness of ginger for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189(5):1374-1377.

Sripramote M, Lekhyananda N. A randomized comparison of ginger and vitamin B6 in the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. J Med Assoc Thai. 2003;86(9):846-853.

Thomson M, Al Qattan KK, Al Sawan SM, et al. The use of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as a potential anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic agent. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2002;67(6):475-478.

Vaes LP, Chyka PA. Interactions of warfarin with garlic, ginger, ginkgo, or ginseng: nature of the evidence. Ann Pharmacother. 2000;34(12):1478-1482.

Viljoen E, Visser J, Koen N, Musekiwa A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect and safety of ginger in the treatment of pregnancy-associated nausea and vomiting. Nutr J. 2014; 13:20.

Vutyavanich T, Kraisarin T, Ruangsri R. Ginger for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;97(4):577-582.

Wang CC, Chen LG, Lee LT, et al. Effects of 6-gingerol, an antioxidant from ginger, on inducing apoptosis in human leukemic HL-60 cells. In Vivo. 2003;17(6):641-645.

White B. Ginger: an overview. Am Fam Physician. 2007;75(11):1689-91.

Wigler I, Grotto I, Caspi D, et al. The effects of Zintona EC (a ginger extract) on symptomatic gonarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2003;11(11):783-789.

Willetts KE, Ekangaki A, Eden JA. Effect of a ginger extract on pregnancy-induced nausea: a randomised controlled trial. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2003;43(2):139-144.

African ginger; Black ginger; Jamaican ginger; Zingiber officinale

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Bone Marrow Transplant – Louisville, Kentucky(KY), Stem …

Posted: September 6, 2016 at 10:49 am

The Addison Jo Blair Cancer Care Center is home to Kentucky's only stem cell and bone marrow transplant program specifically for children. An eight-bed unit with HEPA-filtered rooms is designed for the care of patients with compromised immune systems. A multidisciplinary team of attending physicians, residents, nurse practitioners, nurses and ancillary staff provide daily patient care. In addition to the primary transplant clinical team, a child life therapist, social worker, chaplain, physical therapist, nutritionist, pharmacist, expressive and art therapists, and a schoolteacher are involved in each child's care.

We perform stem cell transplants for patients with various blood disorders such as sickle cell anemia and we have a large sickle cell treatment program. We provide transplants using stem cells from related and unrelated cord blood donors and autologous stem cell transplants. All national and international cord blood banks and the National Marrow Donor Program are extensively searched to find matches for our patients.

Kosair Children's Hospital has an on-site private facility for cord blood storage. A service of Norton Healthcare, the Family Link Cord Blood Storage Program began in 1998 for storage of umbilical cord blood from newborn infants. Through Family Link, families delivering within a four-hour driving distance from Louisville Metro can have their baby's stem cells taken from the umbilical cord and placenta at birth and preserved at ultra-low temperatures through a process called cryopreservation. Visit the Family Link Program for more information.

The Kosair Children's Hospital stem cell and bone marrow transplant program is a member of the Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium, the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network and the Children's Oncology Group.

In 1999, Kosair Children's Hospital became the first hospital in the country to perform a bone marrow transplant for Kostmann syndrome with nonmatching bone marrow.

Parents are encouraged to stay at the Ronald McDonald Family Room provided for families of transplant patients in the Addison Jo Blair Cancer Care Center, where they can remain important team members in their child's care. This room includes a full bathroom, kitchenette, sitting area and four bunk beds. In addition, one parent may sleep in their child's room. Outpatient follow-up is done at Kosair Children's Hospital, where children can get their medicines and transfusions as needed. Out-of-town patients and families can stay at the Ronald McDonald House just two blocks away from the hospital. A room especially for families of our patients is reserved there but based on availability.

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