Posted: November 10, 2014 at 10:49 am
Treating Eye Diseases With Stem Cells
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By: Health
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Treating Eye Diseases With Stem Cells - Video
Posted: November 10, 2014 at 5:41 am
Dopamine-making neurons derived from human embryonic stem cells.
A rat model of Parkinson's disease has been successfully treated with neurons derived from human embryonic stem cells, according to a study led by Swedish scientists. Its a promising sign for scientists at The Scripps Research Institute and Scripps Health who hope to perform similar therapy on Parkinsons patients, using artificial embryonic stem cells.
In rats and people, neurons that make the neurotransmitter dopamine are essential for normal movement. The cells are destroyed in Parkinson's, leading to the difficulty in movement that characterizes the disease.
Researchers transplanted dopamine-producing cells grown from human embryonic stem cells into the brains of rats whose own dopamine-making neurons had been destroyed. The rats were immune-suppressed so they would not reject the cells. Within five months, the transplanted cells boosted dopamine production to normal levels, restoring normal movement in the rats.
The study was published Thursday in the journal Cell Stem Cell. The senior author was Malin Parmar of Lund University in Lund, Sweden.
The results support the Scripps approach of using the artificial embryonic stem cells, called induced pluripotent stem cells, said Jeanne Loring, who heads the Center for Regenerative Medicine at The Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla. Loring is part of a group called Summit 4 Stem Cell that's raising funds to treat eight Parkinson's patients with their own IPS cells.
Particularly significant is the study's comparison of the effects of dopamine-making neurons derived from fetal cells to that of embryonic stem cells, Loring said by email.
"In the 1980s and 1990s, there were several clinical trials that showed that grafts of fetal brain containing the precursors of dopamine neurons could reverse the effects of Parkinson's disease in some patients," Loring said. "We, and the others developing stem cell therapies, based our plans on the results of those studies, but no one had ever directly compared fetal tissue and human pluripotent stem cell-derived dopamine neurons in an animal model of PD."
Induced pluripotent stem cells appear to have much the same capacity as human embryonic stem cells to generate different tissues and organs.
There has been uncertainty about how similar they are to each other, specifically whether the IPS process produces mutations. But recent studies have found the cell types are extremely similar, including a study also published in Cell Stem Cell on Thursday. That study compared IPS cells with embryonic stem cells produced by SCNT, or somatic cell nuclear transfer, the same process used to create Dolly the sheep.
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Parkinson's stem cell therapy works in rats
Posted: November 10, 2014 at 5:41 am
(PRWEB UK) 9 November 2014
Every day stem cell treatments are in the news, often bringing the last hope for many patients with serious conditions that have defied traditional medicine.
BioEden's Group CEO Tony Veverka says, 'the increase in popularity in banking a persons own cells is as a result of two main things; 1. The likelihood of needing stem cell therapy is high, and 2. You need a stem cell match - your own cells are the perfect match'.
BioEden's tooth stem cell banking service is the only way you can access your own cells without the need for medical intervention. More and more parents are choosing to bank their children's stem cells as the baby tooth is shed naturally. However, stem cells can be banked from a healthy adult molar, that perhaps is being removed for orthodontic reasons.
Obtaining stem cells from other sources such as bone marrow is not only invasive but costly. Taking the decision to bank ones own cells is a sensible consideration, and costs from just 295.
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BioEden the specialist tooth stem cell bank announce record sales up 45%
Posted: November 9, 2014 at 5:50 pm
Within weeks of publishing surprising new insights about how zebrafish get their stripes, the same team from University of Washington is now able to explain how to "erase" these.
The findings give new understanding about genes and cell behaviours that underlie pigment patterns in zebrafish that, in turn, could help unravel the workings of pigment cells in humans and other animals, skin disorders such as melanoma and cell regeneration.
"Using zebrafish as a model, we have basic understanding of what is going on so we can start to look at some of these other species that have really different patterns and start to understand them," explained David Parichy, professor of biology and corresponding author.
Zebrafish, a tropical freshwater fish about 1.5 inches long, belongs to the minnow family and is a popular addition to home aquariums.
Adults have long horizontal blue stripes on their sides, hence the reference to "zebra".
These patterns have roles in schooling, mate selection and avoiding predators.
Researchers have reported that cells called xanthophores that produce the colour orange do not come from stem cells as had long been assumed.
Instead, they come from pre-existing cells in the embryo.
According to researchers, cells in the embryo first mature into xanthophores and then, when it is time to make stripes, these same cells lose their colour, increase in number and then turn back into xanthophores with colour.
"This is remarkable because cells do not normally lose their mature properties, let alone regain them later. Knowing how xanthophores achieve this feat could provide clues to regeneration of tissues and organs without the need for stem cells," Parichy suggested.
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Scientists strip zebrafish of stripes
Posted: November 9, 2014 at 5:41 pm
Stem Cell Research Therapy Explained - From MS to Spinal Injury
Stem cell treatment and research towards curing illness--from multiple sclerosis to spinal injury--is detailed by Dr. Neil Riordan. The American medical indu...
By: TheLipTV
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Stem Cell Research & Therapy Explained - From MS to Spinal Injury - Video
Posted: November 9, 2014 at 6:41 am
Stem cell transplants for Parkinsons disease edging closer
A major breakthrough in the development of stem cell-derived brain cells has put researchers on a firm path towards the first ever stem cell transplantations in people with Parkinson #39;s disease....
By: LundUniversity
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Stem cell transplants for Parkinsons disease edging closer - Video
Posted: November 9, 2014 at 6:41 am
Blue Horizon Stem Cells and the Promise of Regenerative Medicine
By: Blue Horizon
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Blue Horizon Stem Cells and the Promise of Regenerative Medicine - Video
Posted: November 9, 2014 at 6:41 am
Adult stem cells: key to regenerative medicine - do you know?
Regenerative medicine is poised to dramatically alter conventional methods of treatment, shifting the focus away from symptoms and targeting the specific causes of different defects. Within...
By: euronews Knowledge
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Adult stem cells: key to regenerative medicine - do you know? - Video
Posted: November 8, 2014 at 5:47 am
Swab Squad | Stem Cell Transplantation: It Takes Two
70% of blood cancer patients in need of a life-saving stem cell transplant never find the donor they need. Learn about how easy it can be to join Be The Match and donate stem cells to a blood...
By: OKC GOOD
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Swab Squad | Stem Cell Transplantation: It Takes Two - Video
Posted: November 8, 2014 at 5:47 am
(Ivanhoe Newswire) CLEVELAND, Ohio -- In 1990 the Human Genome Project started. It was a massive scientific undertaking that aimed to identify and map out the body's complete set of DNA. This research has paved the way for new genetic discoveries; one of those has allowed scientists to study how to fix bad chromosomes.
Our bodies contain 23 pairs of them, 46 total. But if chromosomes are damaged, they can cause birth defects, disabilities, growth problems, even death.
Case Western scientist Anthony Wynshaw-Boris is studying how to repair damaged chromosomes with the help of a recent discovery. He's taking skin cells and reprogramming them to work like embryonic stem cells, which can grow into different cell types.
You're taking adult or a child's skin cells. You're not causing any loss of an embryo, and you're taking those skin cells to make a stem cell. Anthony Wynshaw-Boris, M.D., PhD, of Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine told Ivanhoe.
Scientists studied patients with a specific defective chromosome that was shaped like a ring. They took the patients' skin cells and reprogrammed them into embryonic-like cells in the lab. They found this process caused the damaged ring chromosomes to be replaced by normal chromosomes.
It at least raises the possibility that ring chromosomes will be lost in stem cells, said Dr. Wynshaw-Boris.
While this research was only conducted in lab cultures on the rare ring-shaped chromosomes, scientists hope it will work in patients with common abnormalities like Down syndrome.
What we're hoping happens is we might be able to use, modify, what we did, to rescue cell lines from any patient that has any severe chromosome defect, Dr. Wynshaw-Boris explained.
It's research that could one day repair faulty chromosomes and stop genetic diseases in their tracks.
The reprogramming technique that transforms skin cells to stem cells was so ground-breaking that a Japanese physician won the Nobel Prize in medicine in 2012 for developing it.
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Stem cells to repair broken chromosomes
