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Adicet Bio’s Off-the-Shelf Drug Showing Positive Early Signals – BioSpace

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:22 am

Adicet Bio today sharedpositive interim results from its Phase I study on a potential treatment for B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

ADI-001, an investigational allogeneic gamma delta CAR T cell therapy, generated positive early responses from three of four evaluable participants, two of whom achieved complete responses (CR) while one had a partial response (PR) that researchers logged as "near complete."

As of the November 22 cutoff, six patients had been enrolled in the trial, though two did not reach the 28th day and were considered not evaluable to test the drug's efficacy. All participants had already received a median of five lines of systemic therapy prior to the trial.

One patient who had already gotten autologous CD19 CAR T therapy reported CR after a single infusion of the drug at the lowest dose. Of the four evaluable patients, three received ADI-001 at a level one dose, or 30 million CAR+ cells, while the fourth was given a level-two dose at 100 million CAR+ cells. Of the three who achieved PR or better, one had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with five prior lines of therapy, one had follicular lymphoma that turned into a large B-cell tumor with four prior lines, and the third was diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma with five prior lines of treatment.

ADI-001 works by targeting malignant B-cells through an anti-CD20 CAR and gamma delta innate and T-cell endogenous cytotoxicity receptors. In preclinical models, gamma delta T cells engineered with anti-CD20 CAR showed positive antitumor activity. So far, all the infusions were well-tolerated, with no reports of graft vs host disease, dose-limiting toxicities, grade 3 or higher cytokine release syndrome, and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. This suggests a wide therapeutic potential for ADI-001.

"The preliminary safety and efficacy data from low-dose ADI-001 collected to date indicate the potential for a broad therapeutic window. Without the need for gene editing and its associated safety concerns, our platform is designed to preserve the natural innate and adaptive anti-tumor activity of gamma delta CAR T cells, which we believe may lead to better durability," said Francesco Galimi, M.D., Ph.D., the senior vice president and chief medical officer of Adicet Bio, in a statement.

The trial is still in its early stages and is expected to enroll around 75 patients. The primary objectives are to determine the drug's tolerability, safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics. The research also intends to find out the optimal dosing if it is used as monotherapy. Details of the study are available with the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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Rheumatologists Navigate Treatment Plans in the Era of COVID-19 Vaccines – MD Magazine

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:22 am

In approaching the end of another full year within the COVID-19 pandemic, there's still much being learned about the dangerous respiratory virus that has seized the world. Developments in the last 12 months include greater confirmation that wearing masks do help to stop the spread, the virus can affect even the healthiest individuals long-term, and the first available vaccines offer extensive, but not complete, protection.

For certain populations, the protection offered by receiving a vaccine is even more limited. This year, rheumatologists found this to be the case for their patients who are on immunosuppressants or immunomodulatory treatmentsa realized concern 1 year after learning the severity by which immunosuppressed patients can be affected by COVID-19.

An array of studies have been performed in hopes of gaining a better understanding on this topic. The research revealed some great insight, but an important takeaway was that patients who are on immunosuppressants or immunomodulatory treatments still benefit from receiving the vaccine, even if it's not as effective as it is in the general population.

Earlier this year, Ruth Fernandez-Ruiz, MD, MS, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, conducted a study that evaluated the immune response and disease status in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) which was presented at the American College of Rheumatology 2021 Convergence.

In an interview with HCPLive, Fernandez-Ruiz explained that all the phase 3 trials that were performed for the COVID-19 vaccines excluded patients who were taking immunosuppressants or immune-modifying drugs within 6 months from the time of enrollment.

At the time we initiated the study, Fernandez-Ruiz said, the data on rheumatic disease patients was virtually absent.

Previous research looked at this phenomenon with other vaccines, like the flu vaccine, and found that taking immunosuppressants did impact vaccine efficacy.

Prior to this study, Fernandez-Ruiz also collaborated on research that examined antibody responses in patients with lupus who had natural infection of SARS-COV-2.

We found that most patients were able to generate and maintain an antibody response after COVID-19 disease, Fernandez-Ruiz said. So overall, it wasnt really clear how our patients were going to respond to the COVID-19 vaccine, and there was a real need to study rheumatic disease patients.

Charalampos Papagoras, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Rheumatology at Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, led research on the outcomes of COVID-19 in vaccinated patients compared with unvaccinated patients who have systemic rheumatic diseases.

His study concluded that the severity of breakthrough COVID-19 cases depended on the vaccination status of the patient.

Aside from vaccination status, there were no differences in demographics, systemic rheumatic disease type, treatment or comorbidities between the 3 groups. However, hospitalization and mortality rates were higher in the unvaccinated group (29.3% and 4.1%, respectively), even when compared with the partially vaccinated group (21% and 0%).

Of course, patients who were fully vaccinated had the best outcome when faced with a COVID-19 breakthrough infection (10.3% and 0%).

The CDC was unclear if there were any disease-specific factors that could play a role in vaccine responses, Fernandez-Ruiz mentioned. Therefore, the team of investigators were compelled to focus particularly on the lupus population.

Their results showed approximately 30% of patients with lupus had a decrease in COVID-19 antibody responses and microneutralization titers compared to controls. Additionally, a correlation was found between circulating antibody levels against the spike protein and interfering gamma production by immune cells.

A low vaccine response was defined as less than or equal to 100 units per ml, which is the lowest value seen in controls.

After a patients vaccine response level was defined, the investigators further compared the 26 lupus patients who had a low response to the 64 lupus patients who had adequate response.

We found that a normal anti-double stranded DNA antibody, and taking any immunosuppressant medication, other than antimalarials like hydroxychloroquine, were associated with a decreased vaccine response, Fernandez-Ruiz said,

This particular study she led didnt have a large enough sample size to look at the effect of each individual medication, but Fernandez-Ruiz emphasized that research in this area has grown.

We do know now, she said, that other studies have shown that medications like methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, B-cell depleting agents like rituximab, and systemic steroids are likely playing a major role in blunting antibody response to the vaccine.

A study led by Jean Liew, MD, MS, Assistant Professor, Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, found that most of the patients with rheumatic disease who had to be hospitalized for COVID-19, despite being vaccinated, were the patients taking B-cell depletion therapy medication.

The results of the trial, SARS-COV-2 Infections Among Vaccinated Individuals with Rheumatic Disease: Results from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance Provider Registry, noted that of the 87 fully-vaccinated patients with rheumatic disease, 22 of them had breakthrough cases so severe they needed to be hospitalized.

Liew said in an interview with HCPLive that these results werent exactly surprising because they were in line with other laboratory-based studies she read.

While the findings are meaningful, the other side to these data are equally enlightening. B-cell depleting medications like rituximab, and antimetabolites like mycophenolate appeared as treatments in the hospitalized group, but what about the treatment options that were absent from this group?

Overall, the results should be reassuring, Liew explained, that other medication classes that are immunomodulatory that we use for rheumatic disease patients, like TNF inhibitors and other biologics that target specific cytokines, theyre not really represented in the people who were hospitalized after they were fully vaccinated.

For the highest risk patients, its imperative to continue to look at other prophylactic strategies pre or post exposure, like monoclonal antibodies or the potential antiviral oral medication, according to Liew.

Patients in this particular high-risk population, and the providers that treat them, have to walk a thin line.

For them, the only option for treatment is ultimately limited to the immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive medication that leaves them vulnerable to a breakthrough COVID-19 infection.

Adjusting or switching to another treatment simply wouldnt be effective at maintaining control of the disease and would then leave the patient vulnerable to a disease flare, which in turn could lead to poor outcomes if they were to be infected with COVID-19.

Theres not really an alternative therapy for these people, Liew said, which makes the implication here that we need to think about what other things we can do in addition to vaccinating them.

Fernandez-Ruizs study monitored for disease flare and found that 11% of vaccinated patients had a lupus flare.

Only 1 of these patients had a severe flare, she explained, which means that this was overall rare, and these findings really support the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with lupus.

The line may be thin, but it can be walked.

The American College of Rheumatology continuously updates their guidelines surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines with new data that arise. They recommend withholding most immunosuppressant medications after vaccination for a period of time.

Fernandez-Ruiz emphasized that these are guidelines, and rheumatologists have to make individualized decisions with each patient. The patients disease, the medication theyre on, the disease activity at the time, are all factors that need to be considered when discussing this with a patient.

Ive encountered situations where the disease activity, or the specific manifestations were treating, theyre life-threatening or theyre organ-threatening, so we cant have the luxury of just simply holding the medication, she said.

Its a process to be taken step-by-step. And Fernandez-Ruiz is already working on the next one.

Along with a team of investigators, Fernandez-Ruiz said she is currently studying the frequency and severity of breakthrough infections.

We also need to better understand whether holding immunosuppressants post-vaccination, and administering an additional dose of the vaccines, actually leads to improved humoral and cellular immunity to these vaccines, she said.

Even though approximately 30% of patients showed a relatively low response, we dont know if that response is enough to protect them from very poor outcomes of COVID-19. We think about infection prevention in general as an ideal outcome but also preventing hospitalization, oxygen requirement, ICU admission, intubation, these are all great things that we should aim for.

This year, we have certainly expanded our knowledge and understanding on the various ways COVID-19 has affected our lives and were on the path to continue doing so.

You can see it either way, Fernandez-Ruiz said. We saw 30% of patients had a low-vaccine response, but 70% of patients had a pretty good response, and this is without the booster or third dose shot, the additional dose that were recommending now, so thats actually pretty good.

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$6M Gift from Family of Roblox Creator Launches New Initiative to Advance CAR T Therapy – UCSF News Services

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:22 am

UC San Francisco has launched the Baszucki Lymphoma Therapeutics Initiative to increase the effectiveness and availability of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) therapy for lymphoma patients. Jan Ellison Baszucki and her husband, Roblox CEO David Baszucki, gifted $6 million over five years to support the initiative. After witnessing Jans father recover from a near-fatal lymphoma thanks to treatment with CAR T therapy, the couple wanted to help accelerate progress in the field so more families can benefit.

An emerging approach to immunotherapy, CAR T therapy has dramatically increased survival rates for patients with certain hard-to-treat blood cancers. It also shows promise for treating some solid tumors as well as diseases beyond cancer, including autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. The therapy involves harvesting T cells from a patients blood and genetically engineering them to kill cancer cells by detecting specific molecular targets, called antigens, on the cancer cells surface. The engineered T cells are then cultured to increase their numbers and infused back into the patients bloodstream, where they act as a living therapeutic against the cancer cells.

In cancer, we dont often use the big C word cure but CAR T therapy really does seem to lead to miracle cures after no other therapies have worked, says Babis Andreadis, MD, MSCE, a lymphoma specialist and professor of clinical medicine at UCSF who will direct the new initiative.

Since 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved five CAR T therapies for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), multiple myeloma, and several lymphomas. Andreadis ran some of the first clinical trials of CAR T therapies for non-Hodgkins lymphoma, which have shown complete remission rates of around 50 percent in patients who have failed multiple prior treatments.

In cancer, we dont often use the big C word cure but CAR-T therapy really does seem to lead to miracle cures after no other therapies have worked.

Babis Andreadis, MD, MSCE

The Baszucki Lymphoma Therapeutics Initiative will expand research underway at UCSF aimed at understanding who will benefit from CAR T therapy and developing new therapeutic targets for lymphoma patients who dont respond to current CAR T therapies.

Our goal is to reach a point when cancer medicine is completely personalized and every patient can get a therapy designed specifically for their own disease, says Alan Ashworth, PhD, FRS, president of the UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and the E. Dixon Heise Distinguished Professor of Oncology. Jan and Davids commitment to helping realize this vision exemplifies their remarkable foresight and generosity.

The Baszuckis, who live in San Francisco with their four children, are veterans of the Bay Area technology industry. Jan was the director of marketing at Infinity Financial Technology before becoming an award-winning writer and novelist. David is a software engineer and co-founder of Roblox Corporation, which develops Roblox, an online gaming platform that allows users to create and play their own games.

After the company went public, in March 2021, the couple launched the Baszucki Group to create foundational change through philanthropy, impact investing, community building, and other initiatives. One of the organizations first projects was establishing the Baszucki Brain Research Fund, which supports scientists and innovators pursuing breakthrough treatments that promote vitality, stability, and well-being in people at risk for or living with bipolar disorder. This year, the fund has invested more than $13 million in research grants, including a competitive program that will fund 45 grants to support pilot research in therapeutic discovery and translational research for bipolar disorder.

Our goal with Baszucki Group is to direct resources toward the greater good, Jan Baszucki says. Were interested in big, bold moves that will leapfrog current treatments rather than make incremental progress. Its obvious that CAR T therapy fits into that category.

One of the exciting things about CAR T is its not just one product, David Baszucki adds. Its a revolutionary therapeutic platform that offers infinite avenues for innovation, and Dr. Andreadis is one of those brilliant researchers who can use it to make CAR T therapy a reality for more families like ours.

The new initiative will also further the goals of the UCSF Living Therapeutics Initiative (LTI), which launched in June. By uniting many established UCSF programs, the LTI seeks to propel research in living therapeutics a broad category of medicines that use human or microbial cells to treat disease and speed promising therapies to clinical trials for patients who lack effective treatment options.

UCSF is laying the groundwork for the next frontier in pharmaceutical medicine, says Sam Hawgood, MBBS, UCSF chancellor and the Arthur and Toni Rembe Rock Distinguished Professor. We are deeply grateful to the Baszucki family and other philanthropic partners who inspire everyone engaged in our mission to treat patients compassionately and equitably with the best therapies they can get anywhere in the world.

The Baszuckis first met Andreadis in October 2020, after Jans father, Todd Ellison also an award-winning novelist, who writes under the pen name E.T. Ellison had endured three years of chemotherapy while only growing sicker. I was told I had no options left, Ellison says. Thats when his oncologist, who had trained at UCSF, referred him to Andreadis.

Earlier that fall, Andreadis had launched a study to test the viability of administering CAR T therapies manufactured in a university setting. Clinical researchers have previously partnered with pharmaceutical companies to use CAR T products already on the market or in development for commercialization. These products typically are manufactured by research contractors or by the companies themselves because they require specialized clean rooms, called current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) facilities, to ensure that the drugs are safe and of the highest quality.

However, some universities recently have begun making CAR T and other cell-based therapies in house. In June of this year, as part of the LTI, UCSF announced a strategic alliance with Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. to build and manage a cGMP facility in leased space on UCSFs Mission Bay campus. The new facility will allow clinicians to offer cell therapies to more patients, including those who may be ineligible for or cant afford commercial products. In-house manufacturing also will allow researchers to optimize production specifications and doses and develop new therapeutic targets that drug companies might not pursue.

The CAR T products available today are designed for generic targets, Andreadis says, adding that while this approach maximizes the number of patients who are likely to respond to a particular CAR T product, it also means that patients whose cancers express low levels of these targets might not benefit.

Andreadiss study is a phase I trial to test the safety and appropriate dose of CAR T cells manufactured under custom protocols to target a common FDA-approved antigen known as CD19. (Until the cGMP facility at UCSF is operational, Andreadiss team is making the cells at a facility at UC Davis.) Ellison was the first patient to enroll. When he arrived here, he was seriously ill, Andreadis says.

Within a week of starting the treatment, however, Ellison began to improve. We kept waiting for him to get worse, but he just got better and better, Jan Baszucki recalls. And there were zero side effects, none at all, Ellison adds. By December 2021, his lymphoma was gone, and he remains cancer-free. (Not all CAR T patients have the same experience; some patients may experience short- or long-term side effects, including cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity.)

We are beyond grateful to Dr. Andreadis and his staff for the incredible care given to my father, Jan Baszucki says.

Andreadiss team has since treated five more patients in the phase I trial, several of whom had lymphomas that couldnt be treated with commercial CAR T products or who would not have qualified for insurance coverage because they were too sick. With the Baszuckis support, the team can now expand the study to enroll more patients with various lymphomas, including rare subtypes. They also plan to use patients blood samples to begin investigating new disease targets for the next generation of CAR T therapies.

Beyond improving treatment options for lymphoma patients, Andreadis predicts, this pioneering work will help set the stage for the development of in-house CAR T products for other cancers and diseases. Clinicians and scientists around the world will be able to use the infrastructure we are creating here at UCSF to customize CAR T therapies for a broad range of applications, he says.

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BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics and Catalent Announce Completion of Technology Transfer for NurOwn Manufacturing – BioSpace

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:22 am

NEW YORK and SOMERSET, N.J., Dec. 7, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc. (NASDAQ: BCLI), a leading developer of cellular therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, and Catalent (NYSE: CTLT), a global leader in enabling biopharma, cell, gene and consumer health partners to optimize development, launch, and supply of better patient treatments across multiple modalities, today announced that the technology transfer for NurOwn manufacturing at Catalent's facility has been finalized. NurOwn is BrainStorm's autologous cellular therapy being developed for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Catalent entered into a partnership with Brainstorm in 2020 to provide CGMP clinical supply of NurOwn, in anticipation of the product candidate's potential regulatory approval. NurOwn will be manufactured at Catalent's world-class 32,000 square-foot cell therapy manufacturing facility in Houston, Texas.

"The successful completion of this technology transfer with Catalent is an important step in establishing manufacturing preparedness for NurOwn," said Chaim Lebovits, Chief Executive Officer, Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics. "The manufacturing of cellular therapies such as NurOwn is complex, and requires careful planning and very specific expertise. We are very pleased with the progress we have made with our partner Catalent, which has industry-leading capabilities in this area."

Manja Boerman, Ph.D., President, Catalent Cell & Gene Therapy, said, "Our extensive experience in cell therapy development and scale-up was key to the completion of this technology transfer to our state-of-the-art cell therapy facility in Houston, Texas. We look forward to continuing our partnership with BrainStorm and are committed to enabling the advancement of their autologous stem cell therapy product candidate toward a potential future commercial launch."

About NurOwn

The NurOwn technology platform (autologous MSC-NTF cells) represents a promising investigational therapeutic approach to targeting disease pathways important in neurodegenerative disorders. MSC-NTF cells are produced from autologous, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have been expanded and differentiated ex vivo. MSCs are converted into MSC-NTF cells by growing them under patented conditions that induce the cells to secrete high levels of neurotrophic factors (NTFs). Autologous MSC-NTF cells are designed to effectively deliver multiple NTFs and immunomodulatory cytokines directly to the site of damage to elicit a desired biological effect and ultimately slow or stabilize disease progression.

About Catalent

Catalent is the global leader in enabling pharma, biotech, and consumer health partners to optimize product development, launch, and full life-cycle supply for patients around the world.

With broad and deep scale and expertise in development sciences, delivery technologies, and multi-modality manufacturing, Catalent is a preferred industry partner for personalized medicines, consumer health brand extensions, and blockbuster drugs. Catalent helps accelerate over 1,000 partner programs and launch over 150 new products every year. Its flexible manufacturing platforms at over 50 global sites supply over 70 billion doses of more than 7,000 products to over 1,000 customers annually.

Catalent's expert workforce exceeds 17,000, including more than 2,500 scientists and technicians. Headquartered in Somerset, New Jersey, the company generated $4 billion in revenue in its 2021 fiscal year. For more information, visitwww.catalent.com.

About BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc.

BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc. is a leading developer of innovative autologous adult stem cell therapeutics for debilitating neurodegenerative diseases. The Company holds the rights to clinical development and commercialization of the NurOwntechnology platform used to produce autologous MSC-NTF cells through an exclusive, worldwide licensing agreement. Autologous MSC-NTF cells have received Orphan Drug designation status from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). BrainStorm has completed a Phase 3 pivotal trial in ALS (NCT03280056); this trial investigated the safety and efficacy of repeat-administration of autologous MSC-NTF cells and was supported by a grant from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM CLIN2-0989). BrainStorm completed under an investigational new drug application a Phase 2 open-label multicenter trial (NCT03799718) of autologous MSC-NTF cells in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) and was supported by a grant from the National MS Society (NMSS).

For more information, visit the company's website atwww.brainstorm-cell.com.

Safe-Harbor Statement

Statements in this announcement other than historical data and information, including statements regarding future NurOwnmanufacturing and clinical development plans, constitute "forward-looking statements" and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc.'s actual results to differ materially from those stated or implied by such forward-looking statements. Terms and phrases such as "may," "should," "would," "could," "will," "expect,""likely," "believe," "plan," "estimate," "predict," "potential," and similar terms and phrases are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. The potential risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, BrainStorm's need to raise additional capital, BrainStorm's ability to continue as a going concern, the prospects for regulatory approval of BrainStorm's NurOwntreatment candidate, the initiation, completion, and success of BrainStorm's product development programs and research, regulatory and personnel issues, development of a global market for our services, the ability to secure and maintain research institutions to conduct our clinical trials, the ability to generate significant revenue, the ability of BrainStorm's NurOwntreatment candidate to achieve broad acceptance as a treatment option for ALS or other neurodegenerative diseases, BrainStorm's ability to manufacture, or to use third parties to manufacture, and commercialize the NurOwntreatment candidate, obtaining patents that provide meaningful protection, competition and market developments, BrainStorm's ability to protect our intellectual property from infringement by third parties, heath reform legislation, demand for our services, currency exchange rates and product liability claims and litigation; and other factors detailed in BrainStorm's annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q available athttp://www.sec.gov. These factors should be considered carefully, and readers should not place undue reliance on BrainStorm's forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are based on the beliefs, expectations and opinions of management as of the date of this press release. We do not assume any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or assumptions if circumstances or management's beliefs, expectations or opinions should change, unless otherwise required by law. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements.

Contacts:

Brainstorm Contacts

Investor Relations:John MullalyLifeSci Advisors, LLCPhone: +1 617-429-3548jmullaly@lifesciadvisors.com

Media:Mariesa Kemblekemblem@mac.com

Catalent Media Contact:Chris HallingPhone: +44 (0)7580 041073 chris.halling@catalent.com

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Nobel laureate Yamanaka to retire as director of iPS cell center | The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis – Asahi Shimbun

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:22 am

Nobel laureate Shinya Yamanaka will step down as director of Kyoto Universitys Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) by the end of March to focus on my own research.

The university announced on Dec. 8 that Jun Takahashi, a CiRA professor who studies Parkinsons disease treatments using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, will become the next CiRA director.

Yamanaka, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for his groundbreaking research on iPS cells, will continue his studies as a professor at CiRA.

In the past few years, I have wanted more and more to focus on my own research, Yamanaka said in a statement released on Dec. 8. As a basic researcher, I will do my best to contribute to the development of iPS cell research, medicine and biology.

According to the university, Yamanaka was considering retiring at the end of his current term and recommended Takahashi as his successor at a meeting of the CiRA Faculty Council on Dec. 2.

Takahashi was elected the next director by a majority vote at the meeting.

Using this (iPS cell) technology and other technologies, I will promote research and medical applications with CiRA faculty, staff and students to contribute to future medicine and life sciences, Takahashi said in a statement issued on Dec. 8.

Yamanaka, now in his sixth term, has served as director of CiRA since it was established in 2010.

Takahashis term as director will start in April and continue until the end of March 2024.

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7 Ways to Improve or Prevent Diabetes – AARP

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:21 am

As a person gains weight even a few pounds the body can have more difficulty regulating blood sugar levels via insulin. The result: a condition called insulin resistance, in which the pancreas has to pump out more and more insulin in an effort to move sugar from the blood and into the cells. Insulin resistance is at the heart of most type 2 diabetes cases.Insulin whether made by the body or taken as a medication promotes fat storage and weight gain. So, gaining weight can force the body to make more insulin, which causes more weight gain, and on and on. But even modest weight loss 5 to 10 percent of ones body weight can lead to huge improvements, Hamdy observes. His own research has shown that a 7 percent loss can improve insulin sensitivity by approximately 57 percent.

The more dehydrated you are, the more concentrated the sugars in your blood become, like a prune versus a juicy plum, says Jessica Crandall Snyder, a certified diabetes care and education specialist in Denver. AstudyinDiabetes Carefollowed subjects for nine years. Those who drank less than a half liter of water per day had a higher risk of developing elevated blood sugar levels compared with those who drank more. Water, herbal tea and milk all count. Coffee lovers should limit their intake to three cups a day; caffeine is dehydrating.

Exercise snacking means spreading short bouts of activity throughout the day even just a 10- to 15-minute walk after dinner. Research suggests that these bite-size bits of activity can help control blood sugar better than one longer workout.

But make sure youre doing various types of exercise, including strength training. Adults naturally lose 8 percent of their muscle mass every 10 years between ages 40 and 70, and diabetes doubles that, Hamdy points out. Try spending 10 minutes a day building strength by using weights, resistance bands or body-weight moves; 10 minutes doing aerobic activity such as fast walking, swimming, jogging or tennis; and 10 minutes stretching, which improves joint movement and reduces chances of injury. Walking as much as possible throughout the day matters, too. A 2018studyin theBritish Journal of General Practicelinked 10,000 steps a day with improved diabetes control.

Protein is important for maintaining muscle and stimulating several hormones that contribute to blood sugar regulation. Focus on fish, white-meat chicken, plant-based sources (beans, nuts and tofu) and lean cuts of beef, and make sure youre eating protein at breakfast and lunch as well as at dinner.

People with diabetes, obesity or both are at increased risk for severe illness and death from COVID-19. And emerging research suggests that COVID can worsen diabetes by causing damage to the pancreas and system-wide inflammation that increases insulin resistance.

Because vaccination leads to milder COVID, if infected, it should indirectly result in less COVID impact for preexisting diabetes, says Nitin Kapoor, M.D., a professor of endocrinology at Christian Medical College in Vellore, India. Also, his research is among several studies that link COVID to new cases of diabetes.

After hearing You have type 2 for the first time, people often go to extremes, drastically limiting carbs (with diets such as keto) or trying to live without sugar. But too few carbs can result in fatigue, nutritional deficiencies and dangerously low blood sugar. Avoid the trap of focusing on sugars and instead read labels for Total Carbohydrate; this term incorporates sugars (both naturally occurring and added) as well as other types of carbs, says Crandall Snyder. Women should aim for 30 to 45 grams of total carbs per meal; men, 60 to 75.

Because proper nutrition is so important after a diabetes diagnosis, she advises consulting with a registered dietitian (RD) or certified diabetes care and education specialist (CDCES) to get your eating plan on the right track. (Medicare covers three hours of nutritional counseling if youve been diagnosed with diabetes, and 10 hours of diabetes self-management education.)

Its common for people who are trying to control their diabetes to feel like failures if they cant get off their medications, says Phyllisa Deroze, a global diabetes patient advocate and diabetes lifestyle blogger. A year after my diagnosis, I was managing with just diet and exercise. There was a big Woo-hoo! with every medication I dropped, she notes. But her health care provider explained that medications could still play an occasional role in her life and, indeed, Deroze ended up needing insulin while she was pregnant. Insulin gets a bad rap, but it helps many people, she says.

Science journalist Leslie Goldman holds a masters degree in public health.

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How Resilience Can Help You Manage Type 2 Diabetes (and How to Build It) – Everyday Health

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:21 am

In the past couple of years, you or someone you know has likely faced fear, uncertainty, illness, or another challenging emotion or event as the world continues to live through the COVID-19 pandemic.

One skill that may be helpful in facing situations like these is resilience.

Resilience is the ability to bounce back from adversity and stress. Resilience is a trait that we strive toward, rather than something we do or do not have, says Marisa Hilliard, PhD, associate professor at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Childrens Hospital and founder of Baylors Resilience and Diabetes Behavioral Research Lab in Houston.

There are many ways to build resilience, and for people managing a health condition such as diabetes, healthy routines can play an important role in times of stress, says Howard B.A. Baum, MD, endocrinologist and associate professor of medicine at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee.

Building resilience can result in positive health effects like doing well with diabetes outcomes, such as A1C goals, time in target blood glucose range, or quality of life despite all the challenges that life throws your way, says Dr. Hilliard.

Increasingly, researchers like Hilliard and Dr. Baum are identifying techniques and approaches to build resilience and to help people with diabetes live healthy and long lives.

RELATED: Is Stress the Source of Your Blood Sugar Swing?

Our studies try to identify the protective factors that people already have or can build to achieve better diabetes outcomes, says Hilliard.

For example, a study published in July 2018 in Diabetes Care, which Hilliard led, involved more than 470 adolescents ages 10 to 19 with type 1 diabetes and found that strengths in managing diabetes, such as confidence in care or support from others, were associated with resilience. This resilience was linked with positive diabetes outcomes, such as regular blood glucose checks, a lower A1C, and a higher quality of life.

Joyce Yi-Frazier, PhD, senior clinical research scientist at Seattle Childrens Hospital in Washington, was among the first to explicitly study the role of resilience in diabetes management. In a study published in 2008 in the British Journal of Health Psychology, she and her colleagues found a strong association between rising distress and worsening A1C among people with low or moderate resilience. Those with high resilience did not show the same associations between distress and A1C. The study examined 111 people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Our research has shown that resilience and stress do impact diabetes management, quality of life, and A1C, says Dr. Yi-Frazier, who now also studies resilience in other diseases such as cancer.

Another study by Yi-Frazier, published in Stress Health, consisted of 145 participants with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and found that individuals with adaptive coping strategies had higher resilience than people with maladaptive coping approaches, such as denial or anger.

A smallstudy published in October 2020 in the International Journal of Behavioral Medicine enrolled 35 people with type 2 diabetes in a resilience-based education program that led to large increases in self-management behaviors and lower A1C readings after six months. Some of these same researchers are now leading a clinical trial that is funded by the National Institutes of Health to examine how resilience-specific diabetes education impacts the health outcomes of African Americans who are living with type 2 diabetes.

In Baums research, he has found that people with more routines for their diabetes management may be more resilient and adaptable, and thus have more favorable diabetes outcomes such as lower A1C. In astudy published in October 2020 inApplied Ergonomics,Baum and his colleagues at Vanderbilt University interviewed 50 people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and found that storing everyday objects such as blood glucose meters or insulin in accessible places anchored diabetes management routines and encouraged adherence.

RELATED: Do You Have Type 2 Diabetes Burnout?

We have to be deliberate about our resilience, says Yi-Frazier. In other words, we need to spend the time to figure out how to shore up our resources that we need in times of stress.

Sometimes, these resources are psychosocial and sometimes they are physical, practical routines. And either can help people better manage diabetes, say Hilliard and Baum.

Baum recommends identifying techniques that you know help you remember everyday details in your diabetes management. This could mean setting an alarm on your phone when you take medications or moving your insulin to the kitchen, so you take it during mealtimes.

It's undeniable that diabetes can be challenging, and the disease is associated with burnout and depression. Yet positive affect and strategic thinking can help build resilience. Hilliard shares the following tips:

Focus on small achievable goals, such as walking a few days a week, rather than big goals that may be hard to achieve all at once.

Recognize when youve met a small goal and then build on that change to reach larger goals in your diabetes management.

Gratitude means acknowledging what youre grateful for and can involve expressing thanks. Practice this for yourself and others who help you manage diabetes. For example, be grateful in times that youve had a successful day, such as when youve met your diabetes management goals, or do it when youve had a challenging day such as stress at work and then you still fit in, say, exercise.

No one is going to do this for you, so its up to the person with diabetes to make this effort.

A mental health professional such as a social worker or psychologist trained to help people with diabetes is ideal. The American Diabetes Association has a searchable directoryof these specialists by area, and many offer telehealth.

Hilliard and Baum also point out that empathy and support, together from clinicians, caregivers, and people with diabetes themselves, are empowering.

Even during the pandemic and the growing mental health crisis in America, says Hilliard: Many people with diabetes have been able to show resilience and do well with their diabetes management despite the numerous stresses in our world.

RELATED: Tired All the Time? Diabetes Could Be to Blame

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Study links statin use with diabetes progression, points to need for further research – VAntage Point – VAntage Point Blog

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:21 am

A database study of Veteran patients suggests that statin medications can raise the risk of diabetes progression. Based on the findings, the researchers say patients should be carefully observed when they start on statins.

Common statins are atorvastatin (sold as Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol XL), and pitavastatin (Livalo). More than 35 million Americans take the prescription drugs to help control cholesterol.

The study, published Oct. 4, 2021, in JAMA Internal Medicine, included more than 83,000 matched pairs of patients. Each pair consisted of a patient who started taking a statin at some point during the study period, and a similar comparison patient who initiated a non-statin drug namely, an H2 blocker or proton pump inhibitor. Those drugs treat stomach acid conditions and are known to not affect diabetes risk.

The study group was mostly men, ages 30 and older. All were diagnosed with diabetes at some point during the study period of 2003 to 2015. All were regular users of VA health care.

Diabetes progression occurred in about 56% of statin users, versus 48% of users of non-statin medications.

Furthermore, each individual component of diabetes progression new insulin initiation, increase in the number of glucose-lowering medication classes, incidence of five or more measurements with blood glucose greater than or equal to 200 milligrams per deciliter, or a new diagnosis of ketoacidosis or uncontrolled diabetes was significantly higher among statin users.

The study also found a dose-response relationship, with higher intensity of LDL-cholesterol lowering associated with greater diabetes progression.

Patients on high-intensity statins and who were otherwise healthy had the highest risk of diabetes progression, said lead author Dr. Ishak A. Mansi, of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and the VA North Texas Health Care System.

The link between increased insulin resistance and statins, which help to lower cholesterol and prevent heart attacks, is well-documented. Its substantial enough, the Mayo Clinic has observed, that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a warning on statin labels regarding blood glucose levels and diabetes.

A meta-analysis of 13 studies published by The Lancet in 2010, for example, revealed that statin therapy was associated with a 9% increased risk for incident diabetes.

But until recently, the clinical impact of statins metabolic effect in patients with diabetes wasnt widely known outside of academic circles, or discussed with patients.

Prior research has shown statins to be associated with increased insulin resistance, Mansi explains. But doctors do not routinely measure insulin resistance for their patients. Rather, it is done [in] research and academic circles only, not in everyday life. Our study took findings reported by academic studies of increased insulin resistance [linked] with statin use in research papers and translated it into everyday language of patients care that is, patients on statins may need to escalate their anti-diabetes therapy.

While no single study should change practice, this study should alert [guideline] writers and policymakers that more studies are needed, says Mansi.

Notably, the findings are particularly relevant to Veterans: More than 30 million Americans have diabetes, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and about a quarter of VA patients have the disease, including some who may have developed it as a result of exposure to Agent Orange in Vietnam.

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American Diabetes Association and Dr. Comfort Team Up to Give Millions Living with Diabetes Much-Needed Resources to Prevent Foot Complications -…

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:21 am

ARLINGTON, Va., Dec. 8, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- The American Diabetes Association (ADA), the nation's leading volunteer health organization, announced a new partnership with Dr. Comfort, to provide foot care resources on an ADA platform in a journey-driven experience for those living with diabetes and their caregivers.

Dr. Comfort is the national sponsor of Living with Diabetes: Foot Care & Amputation. The Foot Care & Amputation section of the platform leads each user to learn to care for their feet, understand foot conditions and complications, ways to stay physically active, and more. Individuals living with diabetes and their caregivers can access this platform by answering a few simple questions to help guide them on their journey to reach the tools, resources, and education they need for successful foot care.

Every four minutes in America, a limb is amputated due to diabetes. This statistic is even more shocking when you consider that amputation is almost completely preventable. Education and resources are vital for those living with diabetes and this partnership will help arm millions of people with the information they need to prevent foot care complications.

"The ADA is working hard to help the over 34 million Americans with diabetes deal with and overcome the unique health complications they face on a daily basis such as foot complications. Through this personalized diabetes journey experience, we hope to meet them where they are to deliver the resources and education they need to thrive," said Jacqueline Sebany, Chief Marketing and Digital Officer for the American Diabetes Association.

The journey was developed to deliver information to those living with diabetes based on self-identified need and interest, as well as where they are in their diabetesjourney.

About the American Diabetes AssociationThe American Diabetes Association (ADA) is the nation's leading voluntary health organization fighting to bend the curve on the diabetes epidemic and help people living with diabetes thrive. For 81 years the ADA has driven discovery and research to treat, manage, and prevent diabetes while working relentlessly for a cure. Through advocacy, program development, and education we aim to improve the quality of life for the nearly 122 million Americans living with diabetes or prediabetes. Diabetes has brought us together. What we do next will make us Connected for Life. To learn more or to get involved, visit us atdiabetes.orgor call 1-800-DIABETES (1-800-342-2383). Join the fight with us on Facebook (American Diabetes Association), Spanish Facebook (Asociacin Americana de la Diabetes),Twitter (@AmDiabetesAssn), andInstagram (@AmDiabetesAssn).

Contact: Daisy Diaz, 703-253-4807[emailprotected]

SOURCE American Diabetes Association

http://www.diabetes.org

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Bariatric Surgery Associated with Lower Cancer Risk in Obesity and Diabetes – Endocrinology Network

Posted: December 10, 2021 at 2:21 am

New research from a Swedish cohort study suggests patients with obesity and diabetes who undergo bariatric surgery could dramatically reduce their risk of cancer.

An analysis of data from the matched, prospective Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study, which included a median of 21 years of follow-up data, results indicated those who underwent bariatric surgery lowered their risk of cancer by 37%, but also suggest those achieving normal glucose control and diabetes remission reduced their risk of cancer by 60%.

The global epidemic of both obesity and diabetes leads to an increased risk of cancer, as well as an increased risk of premature death. It has been estimated that, over the next 10 to 15 years, obesity may cause more cancer cases than smoking in several countries. This is a clear illustration of how serious the condition is, said Magdalena Taube, PhD, associate professor of Molecular Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, in a statement. Strategies are need to prevent this development, and our results can provide vital guidance for prevention of cancer in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

With an interest in shrinking an apparent knowledge gap related to the effects of bariatric surgery on cancer risk among patients with both obesity and diabetes, the current study was designed Taube and colleagues from the University of Gothenburg to assess incidence of cancer among patients from the SOS study. A nonrandomized, parallel assignment study launched in 1987, the SOS study enrolled more than 4000 patients, who were followed from enrollment through 2005. Results of the study suggested bariatric surgery was associated with meaningful reductions in body weight and mortality among patients with severe obesity.

For the current study, investigators included 701 patients with obesity and diabetes from the original SOS study. This cohort included 393 patients who underwent bariatric surgery and 308 who received conventional treatment. The median follow-up of this cohort was 21.3 (IQR, 17.6-24.8) years with a maximum follow-up of 30.7 years. Overall, 17% (n=68) of the bariatric surgery group developed cancer and 24% (n=74) of the conventional treatment group developed cancer.

Upon analysis, results indicated the incidence rate of first-time cancer was 9.1 (95% CI, 7.2-11.5) per 1000 person-years among patients with obesity and diabetes who underwent bariatric surgery compared to 14.1 (95% CI, 11.2-17.7) per 1000 person-years in those who received conventional treatment (aHR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.44-0.89]; P=.008). Investigators pointed out surgery was associated with a reduction in cancer incidence among women (aHR, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.38-0.90]; P, but sex-treatment interaction was nonsignificant (P=.630). Further analysis suggested those who achieved diabetes remission at the 10-year follow-up suggested these patients experienced an even greater reduction in cancer incidence (aHR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.22-0.75]; P=.003).

What we see is that, among patients with type 2 diabetes, many cancer cases are preventable. These results are an important contribution that enhances our understanding of the connection between glucose control and cancer prevention, added Kajsa Sjholm, PhD, associate professor of Molecular Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, in the aforementioned statement.

This study, Association of Bariatric Surgery With Cancer Incidence in Patients With Obesity and Diabetes: Long-Term Results From the Swedish Obese Subjects Study, was published in Diabetes Care.

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