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How To Grocery Shop For Hormone Health In Your 20s, 30s, 40s & Beyond – mindbodygreen.com

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:33 am

Aviva Romm, M.D., wants to take you on a hormone-enhancing shopping trip. According to the midwife and integrative medicine doctor (who specializes in integrative gynecology, obstetrics, and pediatrics, with a focus on women's endocrinology), the right foods can enhance your hormone health and balance the symphony of chemical messengers for optimal well-being.

Although, as she says on this episode of the mindbodygreen podcast, there are a few age-specific foods that can really benefit each decade. Of course, healthy, antioxidant-rich foods don't have a timestamp, per se, but Romm sheds light on the many hormonal shifts that can occur within each decadeand the specific foods to help you along the road.

A quick caveat before we dive into the grocery list: "We're accumulating these in the shopping cart," says Romm. Meaning, the best foods for your 20s will still be stellar for your 30s, 40s, and so on. Think of these foods as superstar players to focus on in each decade rather than checking them off the list once you reach a certain age.

So let's take a trip to the market, shall we?

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Vector helps clients think outside of the box to achieve commercial real estate goals – St Pete Catalyst

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:33 am

Jasmine Mohadjer never planned on buying a building to start her new medical practice. It just kind of worked out that way.

I couldnt find anything that didnt need a major overhaul, said Mohadjer, an oculofacial cosmetic and reconstructive surgeon who spent months looking at space to lease in St. Petersburg.

Thats when Michael Heretick and Montana Massa, Mohadjers team of agents with Vector Commercial Real Estate St. Petes oldest commercial brokerage firm decided to get creative.

This was a neat evolution of our value proposition to our clients, said Massa, who connected with Mohadjer through a client referral. When we realized there was nothing out there to lease that would fit her needs, we decided to look at what was available from a sales perspective.

After searching through commercial listings, Heretick and Massa came across a property at 8855 Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Street. The space, which once housed Envision Lighting Systems, was much larger than what Mohadjer needed. However, Heretick and Massa recognized that the property could be more than just a great location for Mohadjer to start her business it could also be a solid investment for her and her husband. Plus, when Heretick and Massa pointed out the good interest rates and pro-business climate in St. Pete, Mohadjer knew that buying was the right decision.

Now instead of paying someone elses rent, shes paying herself rent and has the property as an asset, Massa said.

Mohadjer closed on the building in November 2019, but her relationship with Vector didnt end then. Massa and Heretick continued to work with her, coaching her on what to expect as a property owner from a vacancy standpoint and sharing strategies on making the space attractive to tenants.

This is what differentiates us from other firms. We have a lot of experience beyond the transactional side of finding properties, Massa said. We also do investments on our own which gives us a unique perspective because we know what it takes to own an investment property and we can help people feel comfortable with the overall process.

By working with Vector on marketing and leasing, Mohadjer has been able to create a wellness hub by leasing her vacant spaces to St. Pete Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine and West Chiropractic and Neuropathy Center, both of which will operate alongside her practice, Eyelid Surgeons of Tampa Bay.

Im thrilled to have complimentary practices sharing our building, she said. I think it gives patients and clients a real sense that we are all here to address their concerns.

Additionally, Mohadjer is excited to build equity while improving a property in the St. Pete community, and she knows she couldnt have done it without the guidance of her team from Vector.

Mike and Montana were great to work with, she said. We really appreciated their insight and direction through the whole process.

Established in Downtown St. Petersburg in 1985, Vector Commercial Real Estate offers clients experienced representation in all facets of commercial real estate. To learn more, click here or call (727) 823-1230.

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Using Disease Modeling To Combat Global Infectious Outbreaks – Texas A&M University Today

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:33 am

Martial Ndeffo, assistant professor in the Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences.

Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences

When an area is struck by disease, chaos can often consume a community as it tries to organize in the midst of fear and confusion.

Martial Ndeffo, an assistant professor in the Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, helps local officials make sense of these uncertain times by diving into the data to help identify the best responses to control or prevent disease outbreaks.

Ndeffos research uses transdisciplinary modeling approaches to identify and address challenges for a range of infectious diseases. Infectious disease modeling uses the mathematical analysis of data to develop quantitative representations of disease systems and their interacting variables, called a model. By developing data-driven models, Ndeffo helps characterize emerging diseases in uncertain situations, identify the best strategies for disease control and prevention, and analyze public health responses from a health and economic perspective to inform public policy.

This life-saving research has taken him around the world, fromEbola outbreaks in West and Central Africa, to studying Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika outbreaks in the Americas, to domestic work addressing the HIV/AIDS epidemic and HPV in the United States.

I have a sense of adapting to new situations, Ndeffo said. I think that also comes with training as a mathematician, always having a problem-solving type of mentality, which you apply to your daily living.

Ndeffo knew he wanted to be a mathematician from an early age. His father and elder brother had degrees in mathematics, and the interest was engrained in his family. Although mathematics was always a part of his life, Ndeffo initially was not drawn to the path of epidemiology.

My motivation initially was really to focus more on financial mathematics, go into the stock market, and get a financial job in London, he said. But I had more interest in focusing on things that were close to home, meaning how could I really use my skills to address problems that affect my home country and continent. Thats why I started to look more into mathematical biology, especially mathematical epidemiology, looking into infectious diseases.

His education began in his home country of Cameroon, a largely Francophile country, but school took him to South Africa, an English-speaking nation, for his masters degree in mathematics. Ndeffo says that his grasp on English at the time was difficult, but that math was a universal language. He was able to learn both languages English and math simultaneously in South Africa.

Secure in both the language and his skill, Ndeffo earned a spot at the University of Cambridge for his second masters degree in applied mathematics. He remained at Cambridge as the Gates Scholar, a prestigious scholarship funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, as he completed his Ph.D. in mathematical biology.

Ndeffo completed his postdoctoral work at Yale University, fully diving into the world of infectious disease modeling and becoming engrossed with both the work and the impact it can have.

Modeling infectious diseases is a challenging endeavor not only does it require the researcher to enter a chaotic and sometimes dangerous environment, but because emerging diseases are not yet entirely understood, it also requires the modeler to predict the future when the present isnt entirely known.

Ndeffo explains this challenge as, as uncertain as your inputs are, so your output will be.

The nature of this research requires investigators to be flexible and adapt to new situations, both in the collection of their data and in their physical environment. Ndeffo explains that when outbreaks happen in countries with fewer resources, the human element of this research can take on an important role.

When the 2014 Ebola outbreak started in West Africa, especially in Liberia, I was part of a team at Yale Universitythat started to think about how we could contribute to that crisis, he said. It was very much a dire situation; it was almost the worst disease in the world happening in the poorest countries in the world.

A member of Ndeffos team had the idea of providing their Liberian field collaborators with laptops and mobile phones to be used for contact tracing efforts, after learning through the Liberian Ministry of Health that many members of their Ebola response teams had been collecting data using pen and paper and traveling long distances to deliver these data by hand to public health authorities for analysis.

You have maybe a weeklong lag between when the data was collected and when public health authorities are able to look at them and make a decision. By the time the cases were identified, the situation was completely changed, he said. One thing that made a big difference was a very simple mobile phone application where you can observe something on the ground and just enter those observations. People in Monrovia, the capital, could access the data in real time, they could make a decision, and you could act in real time in the field.

Recently, he has his energy toward working on neglected tropical diseases. Ndeffo says that because they are neglected, there is little existing research and he sees a window to make significant contributions where others may not think to look.

Definitely there is an opportunity there, an opening to contribute and for your result to be directly considered by public health decisionmakers, he said. You can really bring a tangible impact to these situations, so thats been the reason why Ive put a bit more time into neglected tropical diseases.

Recently, Ndeffo has diverted his research efforts into studying the development of the global COVID-19 pandemic. His work modeling COVID-19 is reminiscent of previous research he has done on emerging diseases, and his adaptive nature is a strength in navigating the challenges of studying a disease that is not yet fully characterized.

Like any emerging disease, it is difficult to study because there are a lot of unknown factors, he said. Having the experience of working on Ebola in 2014, Im a bit familiar with these types of developing situations, but theres always a problem in that you will have a lot of things that you dont know about the disease itself.

I think that whether we want to or not, we have to learn something. A lot of things will have to change, he said. For society really to come into that place, we need a more multi-disciplinary vision or analysis of what has happened and how to prepare for what might happen. It is very important for us not to do it in isolation but to really bring many disciplines together, because of the multifaceted approach of these situations.

Although he is hopeful for the future, Ndeffo cautions that the effects of COVID-19 might be more far-reaching than we initially observe.

The strain this virus has placed on our healthcare system can lead to overwhelmed health facilities, delayed care, decreased access, reduction in the utilization of essential services, and other effects for individuals who are suffering from non-COVID health conditions.

When you think about these emerging diseases, we have to think about what I call the indirect impact. It becomes more and more clear that the indirect impact of COVID is very substantial and nobody knows it might even be worse than the direct impact of COVID, he said. This brings us to that place where we design our intervention measures and our preparedness strategy; we really have to think beyond the direct impact of the disease. It has to be taken into account how we keep the right balance between addressing public health holistically rather than as a single problem that we are trying to solve.

Ndeffo sees a need to continue studying COVID-19 as the pandemic develops and is eager to lend a hand where he can. He is also continuing his research with neglected tropical diseases, with the hope that his modeling will inform a strategy for elimination.

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Women’s Health and Wellness Expert Dr. Leita Harris Joins Exclusive Haute Beauty Network – Benzinga

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:33 am

Dr. Leita Harris joins Haute Beauty Network as a Women's Health and Wellness expert representing the Corona, CA market.

CORONA, Calif. (PRWEB) June 05, 2021

Dr. Leita Harris has been delivering health care to women in the Inland Empire in California since 1990. She has achieved many accreditations throughout her career, among them earning her California Medical License in 1988, is board-certified by the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology since 1992 as well as annual board recertification since 2006. Dr. Harris started Nurturing You Women's Health & Wellness in June of 2015 after 25 years of practicing in multi-specialty groups, with the first 15 years as a full scope OB/GYN practice.

Throughout her career, Dr. Harris has found the need to re-examine medicine' and the methods with which she was practicing. It is all too common to feel rushed like there was no time to sit and listen to patients, no time to truly counsel them. Dr. Harris decided to branch out, to research and learn the various, integrative methods to truly manage patients' underlying problems from a holistic standpoint.

In 2008, Dr. Harris transitioned into a role that allowed her to see only GYN clinic patients and her use of bio-identical hormones in practice began to blossom as she continued at this practice until 2015, at which time she founded Nurturing You. Throughout her research and studies, Dr. Harris has also learned how to manage male hormone patients so that she can leave her female patients feeling great, and their partners as well.

For Dr. Harris, the best part of her day is seeing someone experience tremendous life-changing benefits, especially after they have been ignored or neglected truly exceptional care. She finds the first visit extremely rewarding, however, when she can sit, listen, educate, and give hope to her clients, that is the real reward. It is very common for women to leave the office with a newfound sense of optimism.

Dr. Leita Harris strongly advocates that women need to have better care, someone who will listen and validate their concerns, and not brush them off or prescribe something inappropriate. Women need to have someone who will uncover the root cause of their concerns and address them accordingly. They need a medical professional who acts as a partner, invested in their care and journey toward wellness and optimal health, giving them hope that they can return to a life full of vitality and wholeness.

That is where Nurturing You Women's Health and Wellness comes in.

Learn more about Dr. Leita Harris by visiting: https://hauteliving.com/hautebeauty/member/dr-leita-harris/

ABOUT HAUTE BEAUTY NETWORK:

Haute Beauty is affiliated with the luxury lifestyle publication Haute Living. As a section of Haute Living magazine, Haute Beauty covers the latest advancements in beauty and wellness, providing readers with expert advice on aesthetic and reconstructive treatments through its network of acclaimed doctors and beauty experts.

For more about Haute Beauty, visit https://hauteliving.com/hautebeauty/

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Chao family gifts to UCI Health for cancer care top $50 million – Newswise

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:33 am

Newswise Orange, Calif., June 1, 2021 With its current gift, longtime UCI Health benefactor the Chao family has committed $50 million since 1995 to UCI Health toward advancing cancer care in Orange County and beyond. The familys latest gift will name the cancer center at the new UCI Medical Center in Irvine, expanding access to leading-edge cancer treatments and therapies, promising clinical trials, and world-class cancer care driven by the latest in precision medicine.

Few families have been as generous in support of their fellow residents of Orange County as the Chao family, said Chancellor Howard Gillman. This latest extraordinary gift is testament to their belief in the power of academic medicine to lead the fight against cancer and to provide the best and most up-to-date care to cancer patients.

The Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and Ambulatory Care will be one of three medical facilities at the new $1.2 billion medical center adjacent to the UCI campus; the others are a 144-bed acute care hospital with an emergency department and the Center for Advanced Care. The cancer care center is strategically located at the new medical center campus in Irvine to allow patients to receive multidisciplinary care by interprofessional and integrative teams working together to apply the latest innovations from university-backed clinical research.

The Chao familys commitment to UCI and the fight against cancer has brought much-needed hope to patients and their families over the past 25 years, said Steve A.N. Goldstein, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., FAAP, UCI vice chancellor for health affairs. Their most recent gift extends the opportunity for cancer patients to receive lifesaving therapies and empowers the worlds top cancer clinician-scientists to advance cancer treatment through personalized healthcare. This is only possible at an academic health center committed to developing and applying advanced AI, machine-learning, genomics and therapeutics to clinical practice.

More than anyone else, the Chao familys generosity and dedication has changed the face of cancer care and research in Orange County, said Richard Van Etten, M.D., Ph.D., director of UCIs Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center in Orange, the only National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center based in Orange County. The Chao familys investment allows UCI Health to treat the most complex cancers, and patients benefit from the power of the University of California Cancer Consortium.

Since their first gift to the university in 1995, three generations of Chaos have supported the growth of UCIs cancer program, including expanded clinical care and advanced research facilities and the creation last year of Orange Countys only adult hematopoietic stem cell/bone marrow transplant program. Today, UCIs Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center in Orange is one of only 51 NCI-designated centers across the U.S. those that meet the highest standards for an institutions commitment to and excellence in cancer research and clinical care.

Doing good in our community has always been very important to our family, said Allen Chao. We are proud to continue our partnership with UCI and to know that community members from all walks of life benefit from the lifesaving treatments offered here.

Its a value passed down to us from our matriarch and patriarch, Hsu Hwa Chao and Hsi Hsiung Chao, he said.

In 1999, Allen Chao developed stomach cancer. He sought the care of UCI Health gastroenterologistDr. Kenneth Chang, who helped to remove all signs of the disease. Chang, head of gastrointestinal oncology, also directs UCIs Chao Family Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center (CDDC), supported by the Chao family as part of its vision to expand access to cancer care.

The CDDC is a multidisciplinary center where gastroenterologists, hepatologists, oncologists, surgeons and other specialists work in concert to provide the best care for the most complex digestive diseases, including cancer of the colon, liver, stomach, esophagus and pancreas. Under Changs leadership and with the support of the Chao family, the CDDC has become a leader in innovation and clinical care, advancing research and clinical trials on the development of treatments for digestive cancers. Chang has pioneered the development of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration and injection, techniques that have revolutionized the intervention and treatment of many gastrointestinal diseases and cancers.

The Chao family has expanded access to the most innovative treatments for those with cancer and those with gastrointestinal diseases, which are also highly prevalent among the Asian population, Chang said.

The Chao familys commitment is a key to extending access to UCI Health cancer care and clinical trials to residents across the region. The new cancer center and hospital are slated to begin construction later this year and open in late 2023 and 2025, respectively, according to UCI Health CEO Chad Lefteris.

We encourage others to do good in their community in whatever way they can, Chao said. Philanthropy can take many forms and is not limited to financial support.

I commend the Chao family for their naming gift to the Comprehensive Cancer Center and Ambulatory Care facility at the UCI Medical Center in Irvine, and we are grateful for UCIs continued partnership and contributions to maintaining the wellbeing of Irvine, said Irvine Mayor Farrah Khan. This new facility will provide the world-class cancer research and care that befits the unsurpassed quality of life for Irvine residents by providing additional healthcare options and new jobs for the community.

Orange Countys landmark cancer center

Established in 1989 as Orange Countys first cancer center, the UCI facility in Orange achieved its initial National Cancer Institute cancer center designation in 1994 and comprehensive designation in 1997. The familys landmark 1995 gift catalyzed the universitys efforts to earn this status.

The significance for Orange County was profound. A region with a population greater than that of 20 states now had an institution where people with advanced-stage or treatment-resistant diseases could receive world-class cancer care advanced by basic and translational research, including access to early-phase clinical trials involving the very latest therapies.

A strong research base, in particular, helps drive progress, Van Etten said. It is our mission to translate the findings of basic research into treatments that can benefit patients. Institutions lacking their own research base can follow and adopt advances developed elsewhere, but they cannot lead in the same way comprehensive cancer centers that integrate research with clinical care can.

The current gift furthers UCI efforts to expand cancer prevention and screening, address disparities and provide equitable access to specialty cancer care. For example, enrollment in potentially lifesaving clinical trials increased by more than 260 percent between 2015 and 2020.

UCIs advancements in cancer care are made possible thanks to the Chao familys friendship and support, and we are excited to be able to offer this level of care across Orange County, Lefteris said. In just the last five years, the UCI Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center in Orange and our community locations across Orange County have seen more than 400,000 patient visits.

David Liu is one of the people whose lives were saved by UCI Health cancer specialists supported by the Chao family. Diagnosed with stage 3 colon cancer a decade ago at a community hospital, the Orange County resident turned to the regions only academic health system for treatment.

This is a wonderful organization, and I was treated by many excellent doctors, nurses and other staff, said Liu, an engineer and part-time musician whose band supports fundraisers for several community groups. It really touches me that the Chao family has committed to a vision of a cancer center available for everybody.

About the UCI Health: UCI Healthis the clinical enterprise of the University of California, Irvine. Patients can access UCI Health at primary and specialty care offices across Orange County and at its main campus,UCI Medical Center in Orange, Calif. The 418-bed acute-care hospital, listed among Americas Best Hospitals byU.S. News & World Reportfor 20 consecutive years, provides tertiary and quaternary care, ambulatory and specialty medical clinics, as well as behavioral health and rehabilitation services. UCI Medical Center is home to Orange Countys onlyNational Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center,high-risk perinatal/neonatal programandAmerican College of Surgeons-verified Level I adult and Level II pediatric trauma centerandregional burn center. It is the primary teaching hospital for theUCI School of Medicine. UCI Health serves a region of nearly 4 million people in Orange County, western Riverside County and southeast Los Angeles County. Follow us onFacebookandTwitter.

About the University of California, Irvine: Founded in 1965, UCI is the youngest member of the prestigious Association of American Universities and is ranked among the nations top 10 public universities by U.S. News & World Report. The campus has produced three Nobel laureates and is known for its academic achievement, premier research, innovation and anteater mascot. Led by Chancellor Howard Gillman, UCI has more than 36,000 students and offers 224 degree programs. Its located in one of the worlds safest and most economically vibrant communities and is Orange Countys second-largest employer, contributing $7 billion annually to the local economy and $8 billion statewide. For more on UCI, visit http://www.uci.edu.

About UCIs Brilliant Future campaign:Publicly launched on Oct. 4, 2019, the Brilliant Future campaign aims to raise awareness and support for UCI. By engaging 75,000 alumni and garnering $2 billion in philanthropic investment, UCI seeks to reach new heights of excellence instudent success, health and wellness, research and more. Learn more by visitingbrilliantfuture.uci.edu.

Media access: Radio programs/stations may, for a fee, use an on-campus ISDN line to interview UCI faculty and experts, subject to availability and university approval. For more UCI news, visit news.uci.edu. Additional resources for journalists may be found at communications.uci.edu/for-journalists.

NOTE TO EDITORS: PHOTO AVAILABLE AThttps://news.uci.edu/2021/06/01/chao-family-gifts-to-uci-health-for-cancer-care-top-50-million/

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Researchers rewire the genetics of E. coli, make it virus-proof – Ars Technica

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:32 am

Enlarge / On the outside, these heavily engineered bacteria look no different from their normal peers.

Many of the fundamental features of life don't necessarily have to be the way they are. Chance plays a major role in evolution, and there are always alternate paths that were never explored, simply because whatever evolved previously happened to be good enough. One instance of this idea is the genetic code, which converts the information carried by our DNA into the specific sequence of amino acids that form proteins. There are scores of potential amino acids, many of which can form spontaneously, but most life uses a genetic code that relies on just 20 of them.

Over the past couple of decades, scientists have shown that it doesn't have to be that way. If you supply bacteria with the right enzyme and an alternative amino acid, they can use it. But bacteria won't use the enzyme and amino acid very efficiently, as all the existing genetic code slots are already in use.

In a new work, researchers have managed to edit bacteria's genetic code to free up a few new slots. They then filled those slots with unnatural amino acids, allowing the bacteria to produce proteins that would never be found in nature. One side effect of the reprogramming? No viruses could replicate in the modified bacteria.

The genetic code handles translation, during which the information encoded in DNA is made into a functional protein. Key to this process is a group of small RNA molecules called transfer RNAs (or tRNAs). Transfer RNAs have a small, three-base segment that can be matched through base pairing with information carried by DNA. These transfer RNAs can also be chemically linked to a specific amino acid in a process catalyzed by particular enzymes.

That combinationthree specific bases paired with a particular amino acidis the key to translation, i.e., to matching the bases of DNA with a specific amino acid.

A three-base code and four possible bases (A, T, C, and G) yield 64 possible three-base combinations, called codons. Three of those codons signal for translation to be stopped when the end of the protein-coding sequence is reached. That leaves 61 codons for only 20 amino acids. As a result, some amino acids are encoded by two, four, or even six different codons.

That redundancy in the code is what the research teambased in Cambridge, UKtargeted. A few years ago, the researchers edited the entire E. coli genome so that one of the redundant codons were freed up. The research team edited all instances of one of the three stop codons into one of the others so that there were no longer any instances of it in the entire genome. Instead of being used for something, the codon was freed up to be redefined.

The researchers did similar experiments with the codons for the amino acid serine. Instead of leaving six codons that say "serine," the team edited the total down to just four by changing every instance of the two they targeted to a different serine codon.

(That may sound simple, but even a small genome like E. coli's has thousands of each of these codons scattered through millions of base pairs. Editing the genetic code is an impressive technical achievement on its own.)

While the bacteria didn't use the three edited codons, they still could. All the pieces needed to use the codonsthe transfer RNAs, the enzymes that attach amino acids to them, etc.were still present. For reasons that aren't entirely clear, the modified bacteria weren't especially healthy and grew at a slower pace than their unedited source.

For their follow-up work, the researchers evolved the strain to tolerate the modified genetic code better. They exposed the bacteria to mutagens and then grew lots of samples using an automated system that identified when a sample was growing well and kept supplying the sample with fresh food. (Fast-growing bacteria turn whatever they're grown in cloudy, allowing them to be identified.) After a couple of rounds of mutation, near-normal growth was restored.

At that point, the researchers went back and deleted the genes for the transfer RNAs and enzymes that allowed their three edited codons to work. With those changes made, it wasn't that the codons were no longer being usedthey could no longer be used.

Again, this issue slowed down the growth of the bacteria, although it's not clear whyeither some of the deleted genes have other functions or there were codon instances the researchers missed in editing. Regardless, they mutated the bacteria again and selected a strain in which much of the growth had been restored. By the time everything was done, the scientists had a strain that grew about half as well as a normal E. coli. They also had three completely unused codons.

(As an aside, the team also obtained a genome sequence of this final strain to see what mutations had occurred during this process. Although numerous differences were identified, none were obviously associated with the ability to grow with a modified genetic code. The lab has undoubtedly since assigned a few grad students to figure out that conundrum.)

To confirm that the three unused codons were nonfunctional, the researchers infected them with viruses. The proteins encoded by these viruses normally include the unused codons, so this method provides a test of whether the codons' use was truly eliminated.

The bacteria passed the test. No viruses could grow in the engineered strain, even when a mixture of five different viruses were thrown in the culture at the same time. It was clear that in this strain, these codons simply could not be used.

That's what the researchers wanted in the first place (it's fair to say they didn't set out to make virus-resistant bacteria). Now they could start using the three codons for amino acids that aren't naturally used by life on Earth.

The researchers supplied the bacteria with some non-native amino acids, along with the genes for a transfer RNA to attach the amino acids to and an enzyme that would do the attaching. They then started inserting the gene for a nonbacterial protein that could only be translated by using the codons they had redefined and confirmed that the protein was made and that it incorporated these non-natural amino acids. The team even made a version that incorporated three different artificial amino acids, showing that they truly had expanded the genetic code.

The researchers were also able to make strains that used a different set of three artificial amino acids. So it's possible to make a large collection of strains, each specialized to use a different set of artificial amino acids.

The authors didn't go on to demonstrate anything practical, but there are plenty of potential uses for the research. Artificial amino acids can potentially catalyze reactions that aren't possible or efficient with the normal set of 20. And we don't have to necessarily design an enzyme that incorporates the new amino acids; instead, we can simply try to evolve the function in strains with an expanded genetic code.

There's also the possibility for some interesting polymer chemistry. In the chemical reactions that form most polymers, we typically use only a single type of subunit to build the polymer, since you can't control what links with what. But proteins let you build a polymer chain with complete control of the order of each subunit because you can specify the order of amino acids. With an expanded genetic code, we can potentially get molecule-level control over the construction of polymers.

Science, 2021. DOI: 10.1126/science.abg3029 (About DOIs).

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Breast Cancer Causes: Genetics, Prevention, and More – Healthline

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:32 am

Breast cancer is caused by mutations, or damage, to the DNA in breast cells. Exactly what triggers this change is unknown, but many people will spend countless hours trying to figure it out.

What is known is that there are risk factors that may increase your chances of getting breast cancer. Some of them, like age, family history, and dense breasts, cant be changed. Others are determined by lifestyle factors that can often be controlled.

In the United States, its estimated that around 30% of new cancer diagnoses in women will be breast cancer. This makes early detection and possible prevention very important. In this article, well go over the potential causes of breast cancer and what you can do about them.

Breast cancer originates in breast tissue. Its caused by changes, or mutations, in breast cell DNA. These mutations cause cells to grow abnormally and divide quicker than healthy cells do. The abnormal cells accumulate, forming a malignant breast mass, also known as a lump.

Your immune system may be able to successfully fight some abnormal cells. but the ones that continue to grow may spread, or metastasize, throughout the breast to the lymph nodes or other parts of the body.

When breast cancer spreads, the malignant tumors it causes in other places are still referred to as breast cancer.

What exactly triggers DNA changes in breast cells isnt clear. Two people can have the same or similar risk factors, but only one might develop breast cancer.

Age is the most significant risk factor for breast cancer. Most breast cancer cases are diagnosed in people over 55 years old.

But your genetics and external factors, like smoking, also have an impact. Genetic risk factors cant be changed, but lifestyle choices that put you at higher risk can be altered.

Its also likely that for many people, multiple risk factors both genetic and environmental have an impact when several are present.

People born with a vagina are at a significantly higher risk for getting breast cancer than those born without one. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), only about 1 in every 100 cases of breast cancer diagnosed in the United States is in a man.

You can inherit a gene mutation that puts you at higher risk for breast cancer from either biological parent. About 5 to 10 percent of all breast cancer cases are caused by hereditary gene mutations. The most common type is a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene.

If you have a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation, your risk for ovarian cancer is also increased.

There are other inherited gene mutations that can increase your risk as well, including:

If you have several close relatives with breast cancer, you may be more likely to develop it. This is especially true if you have one or more first-degree relatives with breast cancer. A first-degree relative is anyone you share at least 50 percent of your genetics with, like a parent or child.

Having a family history of breast cancer may mean you share the same genetic mutation. But there are other potential explanations here that have nothing to do with genetics.

For example, it may mean you share lifestyle choices that put you at greater risk. It may also be caused by environmental factors, like living in an area where chemical exposure, air pollution, or water pollution levels are high.

You may be more likely to develop ER-positive breast cancer if you began menstruating at a younger age or started menopause later than usual. This is because theres a longer period of time when breast cells are affected by estrogen and possibly, progesterone.

Never having given birth also increases your lifetime exposure to estrogen.

If you have given birth, every 12 months that you nurse your child reduces your chance of getting breast cancer by about 4.3 percent.

Smoking cigarettes and using nicotine products modestly increases the risk for breast cancer. The younger you were when you started smoking, the greater your risk. Smoking also increases your risk to a greater degree if you have a family history of the disease.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has determined that alcohol is a carcinogen thats causally related to breast cancer risk.

The greater your alcohol intake, the higher your risk may be. But even one drink per day increases risk in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Toxins and chemicals can be found in:

Some toxins are known as endocrine disruptors, or endocrine disrupting compounds. These toxins can mimic the effects of estrogen in the body and may increase breast cancer risk. Endocrine disruptors include:

Certain foods may increase your risk of breast cancer. Foods to limit or avoid include:

Because fat cells produce estrogen, being overweight or obese can be a significant risk factor as is having a sedentary lifestyle, which may contribute to increased weight.

Women whove previously had breast cancer or are postmenopausal have an even higher risk if theyre overweight or are living with obesity.

Hormonal birth control, including the pill, ring, and IUD, may increase your breast cancer risk slightly. This may be greater if you use hormonal birth control for 5 years or more. If you have a family history of breast cancer, your risk may be higher.

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) poses a much greater risk. HRT isnt recommended for symptom relief of menopause in people who have other risk factors for breast cancer.

Early detection wont stop you from getting breast cancer, but it can help to ensure a better outcome. Talk with a doctor about how often you should get a mammogram. If you have dense breasts, getting regular ultrasounds may also be beneficial.

Adjustments to your lifestyle may also help. These include:

The following tips may aid with recovery and with avoiding breast cancer recurrence:

Breast cancer is caused by mutations in breast tissue cells. The underlying risk factors for breast cancer include genetics, environmental toxins, and lifestyle factors, but a definite cause hasnt been identified.

Make proactive choices to reduce your risk of breast cancer. These include cutting down on smoking and alcohol use, as well as maintaining a healthy weight.

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Breast Cancer Causes: Genetics, Prevention, and More - Healthline

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Animal Genetics Market worth $7.7 billion by 2026 – Exclusive Report by MarketsandMarkets – PRNewswire

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:32 am

CHICAGO, June 4, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- According to the new market research report "Animal Genetics Market by Products & Services (Live Animals (Poultry, Porcine, Bovine, Canine) Genetic Material (Semen (Bovine, Porcine), Embryo (Bovine, Equine)) Genetic Testing (DNA Testing, DNA Typing, Genetic Traits Testing)) - Global Forecast to 2026", published by MarketsandMarkets, the global market is projected to reach USD 7.7 billion by 2026 from USD 5.5 billion in 2021, at a CAGR of 7.1% during the forecast period.

Browse in-depth TOC on "Animal Genetics Market"

269 Tables 36 Figures 296 Pages

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The growth of this market is majorly attributed to the increasing consumption of animal-derived protein, growing global population & rapid urbanization, growing focus on identifying superior breeds, increased adoption of genetic services to prevent genetic diseases & business loss, and increased adoption of advanced genetic technologies. On the other hand, the shortage of skilled professionals in veterinary research is a key factor restraining market growth.

By product type segment, the live animals segment accounted for the largest market share during the forecast period.

Based on products and services, the animal genetics market has been segmented into live animals, genetics materials, and animal genetic testing services. The factors attributing to the large revenue of the live animals segment include high demand for live animals for breeding purposes. The introduction of disease-resistant animals has further boosted the demand for live animals, as they are economically viable for owners and increase their profitability.

Poultry accounted for the largest animal genetics marketshare in the live animals segment during the forecast period.

In the live animals segment, poultry accounted for the largest market share during the forecast period. This can be attributed to the strong demand for poultry and eggs in developed countries. Additionally, due to the growing population and rapid urbanization in developed countries, the demand coming from these regions is also increasing significantly.

In the segment of the genetic material, semen accounted for the largest market share during the forecast period.

Under the segment of the genetic material, semen held the largest share, most of which came from bovine semen during the forecast period. Growth in this market is mainly driven by the increasing need for raising highly productive animals to meet the growing demand for meat and other animal-derived products.

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Europe dominates the Animal Genetics market during the forecast period.

Europe accounted for the largest share of the market in 2020. Better accessibility to technologies and well-established distribution channels, the growing demand for livestock food products, high intake of animal-derived proteins, and increasing animal welfare activities are the major factor contributing to this.

The major players in the global animal genetics market include Neogen Corporation (US), Genus (UK), URUS (US), EW Group (Germany), Groupe Grimaud (France), CRV Holding (Netherlands), Topigs Norsvin (Netherlands), Zoetis (US), Envigo (US), Hendix Genetics (Netherlands), Animal Genetics (US), VetGen (US), DanBred (Denmark), Tropical Bovine Genetics (India), Trans Ova Genetics (US), Inguran LLC dba ST Genetics (US), Semex Alliance (Canada), Genetic Veterinary Sciences (US), Cobb-Vantress (US), Milk Source (US), and Eurogene AI Services (Ireland).

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Animal Genetics Market worth $7.7 billion by 2026 - Exclusive Report by MarketsandMarkets - PRNewswire

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This Genetics Stock Could Have a Bright Future – The Motley Fool

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:32 am

There's no doubt that the genetics industry is full of investment opportunities. In thisFool Live video clip,recorded on May 21,Fool.com contributor Brian Orelli, PhD, and healthcare bureau chief Corinne Cardina discuss why Intellia Therapeutics (NASDAQ:NTLA) should be on investors' radar.

Corinne Cardina: All right, so Intellia, in the clinic, has an in vivo program. It is called, let's see if I can say this, transthyretin amyloidosis, it is shortened as ATTR. This is caused by the accumulation of misfolded protein, and that's what TTR is, that's the protein. The disease affects your nerves, your heart, your kidneys, and your eyes. There is a current treatment, but it requires chronic dosing. Of course, as with most of these in vivo programs, it has the potential to be a one-and-done dose, cure with one. Again, we're going to talk more about partnerships later on, but this particular program is in partnership with Regeneron (NASDAQ:REGN). They also are testing in the clinic in ex vivo program for sickle cell, and that is in partnership with Novartis (NYSE:NVS). Further out, Intellia is also testing an in vivo program for hereditary angioedema, which is the swelling. They're also testing hemophilia A and B in vivo. Then ex vivo, they are testing acute myeloid leukemia as well as solid tumors. They are also looking at immuno-oncology, although of course these are much earlier on than their in-the-clinic programs. The ATTR market for that main in vivo candidate. There are 50,000 patients who have the hATTR indication.

Brian Orelli: H is for hereditary.

Cardina: Thank you. What is wATTR, Brian?

Orelli: I'm not actually sure what wA is, but it happens spontaneously. Presumably, the other that's more common is that it happens spontaneously.

Cardina: Okay.

Orelli: Tends to be in older patients, but I don't actually know what wA is.

Cardina: I got this from the company site, 200,000 to 500,000, which tracks what they're saying much more common wATTR patients, and that is a worldwide market. It's very interesting, it's not a disease that I have really heard of before, but Brian, did you have anything to add on the indications Intellia's targeting?

Orelli: No. There are a couple of treatments for ATTR. Pfizer (NYSE:PFE) has one and then so does Alnylam (NASDAQ:ALNY) and Honest Pharmaceuticals all have treatments. Then it comes in two forms, so it comes in a narrow form, where the TTR protein tends to barge into the nerve cells and that causes those neurological side effects. Then it also comes in the heart form, where it lodges in the heart and then that causes problems with heart. Some people have both types of symptoms.

This article represents the opinion of the writer, who may disagree with the official recommendation position of a Motley Fool premium advisory service. Were motley! Questioning an investing thesis -- even one of our own -- helps us all think critically about investing and make decisions that help us become smarter, happier, and richer.

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This Genetics Stock Could Have a Bright Future - The Motley Fool

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Puppies are born with the genetic ability to understand humans – New Scientist News

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 2:32 am

By Christa Lest-Lasserre

Golden retriever puppies could understand humans at just a few months old

Tierfotoagentur/D. Geithner/Alamy

Domestic dogs are born to socialise with people because we bred them that way. Two-month-old puppies can already recognise when people are pointing at objects and will gaze at our faces when theyre spoken to both signs that dogs have an innate capacity to interact with us through body language.

Although individual relationships with people might influence that behaviour, at least 40 per cent of this ability comes from genetics alone, says Emily Bray at the University of Arizona.

Over the course of domestication, from wolf to dog, theres been a clear selection for these social skills, she says. Its something thats ingrained in them and that emerges at a really young age even before theyve had much experience with humans.

Bray and her colleagues tested these types of skills in 375 8-week-old Golden retriever and Labrador puppies that were destined to become service dogs. It was the earliest age they could carry out such experiments because the puppies were only just old enough to be motivated by food rewards, Bray says.

The researchers found that pointing at food hidden under a cup helped the puppies to find it nearly 70 per cent of the time. The success rate was that high from the start, meaning they werent learning to follow pointing, but already knew to do so, Bray says. In a control test, the puppies couldnt find food hidden under one of two cups at a rate better than random chance, indicating that they werent simply smelling it.

Much of the variation in different puppies ability to follow finger-pointing is explained by genetics, Bray says. Using statistical analyses based on the puppies parents and other relatives, the researchers found that genetic factors were responsible for 43 per cent of these variations.

The team also ran another experiment in which researchers spoke baby talk to the puppies and found that the dogs fixed their gaze on the person for more than 6 seconds on average representing an understanding that they were communicating with them. Again, genetic factors accounted for about 40 per cent of the differences among puppies here as well, says Bray.

However, when the puppies couldnt open a box filled with food in a third experiment, they only gazed at the researchers face for about a second, meaning they werent seeking human assistance. The results suggest that, like young children, most domestic puppies are naturally good at understanding and responding to people talking to them. But at 8 weeks old they havent yet developed the social skills necessary for asking people for help.

The findings also have important implications for breeders and buyers, adds Bray. People can choose to breed dogs with good social skills, knowing this is a heritable trait. And they can also select puppies that gaze at peoples faces when they talk to them as a start to a good interspecies bond. If your dog is able to read your communication, thats likely just going to be a more harmonious relationship, she says.

Journal reference: Current Biology, DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.055

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Puppies are born with the genetic ability to understand humans - New Scientist News

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